IKE 


KOOM 


George  Washington  Flowers 
Memorial  Collection 

DUKE  UNIVERSITY  LIBRARY 


ESTABLISHED  BY  THE 

FAMILY  OF 

COLONEL  FLOWERS 


,+'  AM '<Sk 


FROM 


TEXAS  TO' JIARYLAND. 


BH    THE 


BATTLE    OF    FREDEBICKSBURCJ, 


13 TT  HE-V-  T0-IOI3EOXiA.S  -A-.  DAVIS, 

OHAPLAINFOURTH  TEXAS  REGIMENT  r    8.  A. 


RICHMOND: 

PRINTED   AT  TOE  OFFICE  OF  THE  PRESBYTERIAN 
COMMITTEE  OF  PUBLICATION  OF 
CONFEDERATE  STATES 

1863. 


• 


0 


TEE 


CAMPAIGN 


FROM 


TEXAS    TO    MARYLAND 


BY  :RE-V_  NICHOLAS  .A..  XXflL"VIS, 
CHAPLAIN  FOURTH  TEXAS  REG.  C.  S.  A. 


R  I  C  II  M  0  N  D  : 

PRINTED    AT  THE  OFFICE  OF  TOE  PRESBYTERIAN   COMMITTRB 
OF  PUBLICATION  OF  THE  CONFEDERATE  STATES. 

1863. 


I  itcrordhiK  to  tho  Aot  of  Congress,  in  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hun- 

dred and  »lit) -two,  by  Nicholas  A.  Davi«,*ii  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District 
Court  of  the  Confederate  Suites,  for  tho  EasteTO  l>istrict  of  Virginia. 


V 


INTRODUCTION. 

TO  THE  READER. 


In  Tiew  of  the  many  difficulties  by  which  the  Author  has  been 
surrounded,  both  while  collecting  the  material  and  preparing  his 
Journal  for  the  press,  if  he  has  left  sufficient  room  for  criticism,  no 
©ne  will  feel  surprised.  For  it  has  been  amid  the  confusion  of  the 
camp,  trials  of  the  march,  and  attentions  to  the  wounded  on  the 
field  and  in  the  different  hospitals,  scattered  all  over  Richmond,  and 
at  every  intervening  point  from  this  city  to  Winchester,  Va.,  that 
he  has  succeeded  in  gathering  the  items  of  the  History  of  the  Cam- 
paign, which  are  ttms  published  for  two  purposes :  First.  To  pre- 
serve and  place  in  the  hand  of  each  soldier  a  correct  account  of 
all  his  trials ;  and,  secondly.  To  enable  each  one  to  send  home  to 
his  friends  the  history  of  the  stirring  events  of  which  he' has  nJado 

a  part. 

When  circumstances  will  permit,  he  designs  publishing  a  more 
extended  and  complete  narrative.  And,  in  order  to  which,  he  so- 
licits the  assistance  in  the  collection  of  facts,  of  all  who  feel  an 
interest  in  these  pages.     His  thanks  are  already  due  to  Capt.  W. 

0.  Walsh  and  R.  A.  Davidge. 

The  Author. 


54 


CAMPAIGN 

FROM 
TE3Z-A-S    TO    3S^C  .A.  ZEt  "Y  H,  J±  IN"  3D 


Tin  Spring  of  MJ61  forms  a  memorable  cpocli  in  the  history  of 
To  those  who  were  living  at  that  day,  either  active  par- 
ent- in  the  stirring  occurrences  of  the  time,  or  passive  specta- 
tors drama  being  enacted  before  them — the  period  which. 
ensued  fi  election  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  on  the  2d  of  No- 
vember, I860,  down  to  the  commencement  of  open  acts  of  war  be- 
M\ .  d  I  ttern  and  Southern  sections  of  the  people  of  the 
United  8tat<  - — will  ever  bet  looked  upon  with  a  degree  of  interest 
fully  •  quel  to  that  which  marks  any  other  stage  of  our  Continen- 
tal eareeri 

True  is  it,  that  the  time  alluded  to  is  not  full  of  startling  event 
or  tsagic  consequence  as  some  that  have  succeeded — events  which 
have  clothed  a  land,  but  yesterday,  as  it  were,  robed  in  the  bright 
garments  of  a  bride,  in  the  fable  habiliments  of  mourning,  and 
1  a  pall  of  sorrow  and  dismal  woe  from  one  extremity  of  the 
country  to  the  other — bat  at  the  same  time,  the  changes  taking 
at  the  time  of  which  we  speak,  are  such  as  must  ever  mark 
it  iii'  e  in  the  history  of  the  American  people. 

The  specta  >le  of  a  people,  at  a  time  of  unexampled  prosperity 
and  plenty,  blessed  with  a  system  of  government  acknowledged  by 
the  world  to  confer  the  largest  liberality  of  personal  freedom  known 
among  organized  communities;  whose  facilities  for  the  attainment 
of  knowledge  or  wealth  were  unexampled  among  nations;  where 
ambition  was  unrestricted,  progress  unfettered,  religion  untram- 
meled,  and  liberty  of  speech,  unquestioned  and  unlimited — whose 
books  and  periodicals  were,  but  yesterday,  filled  with  songs  of  re- 


joicing  and  peans  of  self-gratulation,  on  -account  of  these  manifold 
blessings— a  people,  the  wonder  of  the  world,  and  the  admiration 
of  mankind,  all  at  once  stopped  in  their  onward  career.  Peace 
gives  way  to  discord,  and  chaos  takes  the  place  of  system.  Law 
(and  order  disappear  as  if  by  magic,  and  anarchy  and  confusion  pre- 

vail.  * 

Such  were  the  results  of  that  excited  period  of  time  on  which 

we  now  dwell. 

It  is  not  our  province  to  speak  of  the  causes  leading  to  these  re- 
sults. The  historian,  who  shall  write  of  these  things,  will, 
doubtless,  dive  through  the  dusty  and  time-worn  labyrinth  of  the 
past,  and  uncover  hidden  causes  which  had  long  been  at  work- to 
bring  these  evil  days  upon  us  ;  and  he  will  establish,  by  a  system 
of  logical  argument,  that  it  was  necessary  that  these  things  should 
come  to  pass,  which  now  "  overcome  us  to  our  special  wonder." — 
Our  task  is  less  difficult.  We  only  propose  taking  a  glimpse  of  a 
band  of  heroes,  who  lived  in  these  days,  and  whose  deeds  have 
formed  a  portion  of  the  history  of  the  times.  To  trace  the  career 
of  a  body  of  men  who,  whatever  part  they  may  have  taken  in  bring- 
ing on  or  keeping  off  the  days  of  peril,  have  shown  themselvps  able 
and  willing  to  breast  the  storm,  and  to  meet  the  whirlwind  in  its 
course. 

As  early  as  the  month  of  April,  1861,  the  State  of  Texas  had 
undergone  this  transformation,  from  a  State  of  peace  to  a  State  of 
armed  hostility  to  the  Federal  Government.  South  Carolina  and 
several  of  the  Southern  States  had  seceded,  and  the  Ordinance  of 
Secession  had  passed  in  the  Convention  of  Delegates  of  Texas,  on 
the  2d  of  March.  Argument  had  been  estopped,  and  the  people 
were  preparing  for  war.  Camps  of  instruction  for  the  training  of 
troops  were  established  at  different  points  in  the  State— militia- 
men, armed  and  unarmed,  were  marching  back  and  forth  through 
the  State— towns  and  villages,  but  late  so  quiet,  were  filled  with 
country  people,  who.  left  their  farms  neglected  to  come  to  town  to 
get  the  news ;  a  crowd  could  be  seen  at  every  post-office,  and  on 
every  corner— churches  at  night,  instead  of  sending  forth  the  voice 
of  prayer  or  song  of  thanksgiving,  were  filled  wit'h  the  shouts  of 
oxcited  men,  as  they  were  harrangued  by  some  friend  to  revolu- 
tion—in a  word,  on  every  side  could  be  heard  the  diu  of  warlike 
preparation. 


G 

..(her  camps  of  instruction,  established  by  order  of  Got 
i  i    en   Governor  of  Texas,  one  was  established  on  the  San 

Marcos  river,  in  1 1  unty,  in  which  were  placed  some  twelve  or 

d  gone  there  for  the  purpose  of  organiza- 
tion, offer  their  .services  to  the  Government 
for  twelve  months.  About  the  time  that  the  organization  was 
to  1 ...  n  I -»e  election  ofr  Regimental  officers,  it 
VI  made  known  officially  thai  no  twelve  months' men  would  be 
red  from  Texas*  This  announcement  caused  considerable  dis- 
■flection  among  the  men,  who  had  assembled  at  the  camp  by  virtue 
#f  a  proclamation  from  the  Governor,  more  especially,  as  the  an- 
noimcciin  nt  was  accompanied  by  the  declaration  that  two  regi- 
ment- for  M  price  during  the  tear  would  be  received. 

It  «  i  Out  that  Colonel  John  Marshall,  editor  of  the  State 

tte,  at    Austin,  a  prominent  politician,   had  just  arrived  in 
T«  n  iond,  Virginia,  where  the  newly  formed  Confede- 

rate Government  had  affixed  its  Capital,  and  that  through  influ- 
ught   to  bear  on  the  President  or  Secretary  of  War,  had 
obtained  the  privilege  that  Texas  should,  as  a  matter  of, favor,  be 
■flowed  ntation  in  the  programme  about  to  be  enacted  on 

oia.  The  companies  were  to  be  formed  by  the  en- 
rollment of  men,  and  the  election  of  company  officers,  and  the  or- 
ganization of  the  regiments  to  be  completed  after  their  arrival  in 
Virginia — the  President  reserving  to  himself  the  authority  to  ap- 
point regimental  officers.  This  course  of  arrangement,  so  different 
from  what  the  men  had  expected,  disorganized  the  camp  of  instruc- 
tion ;  buf  er  were  the  men  to  enter  into  the  service  of  the 
country,  that  four  companies  for  (he  tear  were  immediately  formed, 
upon  :  nr),  and  reported  themselves  to  the  Governor.  The 
con. |  ti  formed  at  that  time  were  the  Tom  Green  Rifles,  of  Tra- 
vis count  ,G  pt.  B,  F.  Carter;  Guadalupe  Rangers,  Capt  J.  P. 
Bane,  of. Guadalupe  county  ;  Hardeman  Rifles,  Capt.  J.  C.  G.  Key, 
of  (ion/;  lea  oountj  ;  Mustang  Grays,  Captain  J^d.  Cunningham,  of 
Bexar  county  ;  and  on  the  11th  day  of  .July,  these  companies  were 
ordered  to  break  up  camps  and  rendezvous  at  Ilarrisburg,  near  the 
city  of  Houston.  The  companies  had  a  day  or  two  given  them  in 
order  to  make  preparations  for  the  journey,  and  those  of  them  who 
did  not  live  at  too  remote  a  point ,  visited  their  homos.     The  citi- 


m 


zens  of  Texas  were  full  of  enthusiasm,  and  offered  every  facility  ii 
the  way  of  wagons  and  conveyances,  in  order  to  expedite  the  de- 
parture of  these  first  troops  to  leave  the  State,  and  who  were  going 
to  represent  the  ancient  valor  of  Texas  on  a  distant  theatre.'  The 
companies  arrived  at  the  place  of  rendezvous  in  the  latter  part  of 
July,  and  in  a  few  days  after  the  first  arrival,  twenty  companiea 
were  in  camp. 

Brigadier  Gen.  Earl  Van  Dorn  was  at  this -time  in  command  of 
the  Department  of  Texas,  by  authority  of  the  Confederate  Gov- 
ernment, lie  had  signalized  his  advent  into^Texas  by  the  rapid 
transaction  or  dispitch  of  business  entrusted  to  his  superintendence, 
and  had  impressed  all  classes  most  favorably  with  his  character  as 
a  man  of  energy  and  ability.  Gen.  Van  Dorn  had  been  ordered  to 
despatch  these  volunteers  as  speedily  as  they  were  raised,  to  arm 
and  equip  them,  and  to  send  thejn  to  Virginia  by  the  quickest  prac- 
tical route.  Gen?  Van  Dorn  however  on  this  occas' on,  chose  to  be 
in  no  great  hurry  to  send  the  troops  off.  Under  one  pretence  or 
another,  the  men  were  kept  in  tbe  camp,  at  Buffalo  Bayou,  for 
weeks,  and  until  the  General  could  send  a  messenger  to  Richmond, 
remonstrating  against  the  orders  which  he  had  received.  The  mes- 
senger at  length. arrived  with  a  verbal  dispatch,  (us  was  understood 
at  the  time,)  for  "  General  Van  Dorn  to  obey  his  orders." 

It  was  midsummer  when  the  troops  were  taken  to  the  camp,  on 
Buffalo  Bayou.  £ue  camp  was  in  a  low  miasmatic,  unhealthy  re- 
gion, and  many  of  the  men  here  contracted  disease,  from  which  they 
never  recovered. 

So  exhaustive  was  the  climate  and  the  place  on  the  constitution 
of  the  men,  that  very  little  was  done  towards  drilling  them,  and  at 
1  the  expiration  of  the  time  spent  at  that  place,  little  or  no  im- 
provement was  discernible.  The  time  spent  there  was  spent  most 
disagreeably,  and  many  were  the  anathemas  indulged  in  by  the 
men  at  the  cause  of  delay.  While  in  this  camp  much  kindness  waa 
shown  the. troops  by  the  citizens  of  the  neighborhood,  and  by  those 
in  tbe  city  of  Houston.     One  instance  is  deserving  of  mention  here. 

D,.. Bryan,  of  Houston,  had  a  commodious  house  fitted  up  ae 

a  hospital,  which  was  filled  to  the  utmost  capacity  with  our  sick. 
He  gave  his  medical  attention  to  alt  that  were  sent,  and  on  our  de- 
parture would  receive  no  compensation  whatever  for  his  services, 


or  reimbursement  for  bis  expenses.  Such  patriotism  is  in  marked 
contract  with  the  course  of  many*  who,  during  the  war,  have  been 
able  to  do  something  for  the  soldier,  but  who  have  failed,  through 
their  .^orJidncss  of  soul,  to  do  so,  and  it  is  proper  that  we  should 
I        notice  this  friend  to  the  soldier. 

DEPARTURE  PROM  TEXAS. 

<  the  10th  day  of  August,  1801,  orders  having  been  issued  by 
I  ra]  Van  Porn,  the  first  detachment  of  troops  broke  up  their 
Camp  at  Bsrrisborg,  and  came  into  Houston  on  the  cars.  The 
i  -  wttt  despatched  in  divisions  of  five  companies  each,  in  or- 
■  >  meet  tho  exigencies  of  transportation — the  companies  com- 
I  eg  the  first  division  being  A,  B,  C,  P  and  E,  all  under  the  com- 
mand of  Captain  J.  C.  G.  Key,  of  Company  A.  On  that  might  the 
companies  were  quarteied  in  a  large  ware-house  in  the  suburbs  of 
the  rity,  and  the  next  morning,  at  an  early  hour,  started  for  Beau- 
mont, on  the  Neches,  where  they  embarked  per  steamer  Florilda 
for  Nibletts  Bluff,  on  the  Sabine. 

The  hour  of  departure  was  hailed  with  rejoicings  by  the  men, 
and  all  countenances  were  beaming  with  animation  ;  all  hearts  were 
)  with  hope  and  confidence,  and  every  bosom  seemed  warmed 
bj  enthusiasm  ; — the  last  greetings  among  friends  were  interchang- 
c  1.  the  last  good-byes  were  said,  and  away  we  speed  over  the  flow- 
ery prairies,  with  colors  fluttering  in  the  breeze,  each  hoarse  whis- 
tle of  tho  locomotive  placing  distance  between  us  and  our  loves 
at  home. 

At  this,  the  beginning  of  our  travels,  which  ere  we  are  done  with 
them,  will  be  found  to  possess  more  of  interest  than  the  gay  and 
lightsome  spirit  here  portrayed  would  seem  to  foreshadow,  it  may 
.not  be  amiss  to  take  a  glance  at  the  personclle  of  our  friends,  with 
I  n  for  a  time  we  are  to  be  so  intimately  connected,  as  to  bo 
their  biographers. 

The  men  of  whom  we  are  now  writing  had  come  together  from 
the  hills  and  valleys  of  Texas,  at  the  first  sound  of  the  tocsin  of 
war.  The  first  harsh  blast  of  the  bugle  found  them  at  their  homes, 
in  the  quiet  employment  of  tho  arts  and  avocations  of  peace.  It 
is  a  singular  fact,-but  no  less  singular  than  true,  that  those  men 
who,  at  home,  were  distinguished  among  their  fellows  as  peculiarly 


endowed  to  adorn  and  enrich  society  by  their  lives  and  conversa- 
tion, who  were  first  in  the  paths  of  social  communion,  whose  places 
when  they  left  were  unfilled,  and  until  they  return  again  must  be 
as  deserted  shrines,  should  be  the  first  to  leap  from  their  seques- 
tered seats,  the  first  to  flash  the  rusty  steel  from  its  scabbard,  and 
to  flash  it  in  the  first  shock  of  battle.  But  so  it  is,  and  we  ven- 
ture to  assert,  that  of  all  those  whom  this  war  has  drawn  to  the 
field,  and  torn  away  from  the  domestic  fireside,  there  will  be  none 
so  much  missed  at  home  as  those  who  left  with  the  first  troops  for 
Virginia.  They  were  representative  men  from  all  portions  of  the 
State — young,  impetuous  and  fresh,  full  of  energy,  enterprise,  and 
fire — men  of  action— men  who,  when  they  first  heard  the  shrill 
shriek  of  battle,  as  it  came  from  the  far-off  coast  of  South  Caro- 
lina, at  once  ceased  to  argue  with  themselves,  or  with  their  neigh- 
bors, as  to  the  why-fores  or  the  where-fores — it  was  enough  to  know 
the  struggle  had  commenced,  and  that  they  were  Southrons. 

"Where  companies  had  not  been  formed  in  their  own  counties, 
they  hastened  to  adjoining  counties,  and  there  joined  in  with  strang- 
ers. Seme  came  in  from  the  far-off  frontier.  Some  came  down 
from  {Jie  hills  of  the  North,  and  some  came  up  from  the  savannahs 
of  the  South — all  imbued  with  one  self-same  purpose,  to  fight  for 
"Dixie." 

Among  them  could  be  found  men  of  all  trades  and  professions — 
attorneys,  doctors,  merchants,  farmers,  mechanics,  editors,  scholas- 
tics, &c,  &c. — all  animated  and  actuated  by  the  self-same  spirit  of 
patriotism,  and  all  for  the  time  being  willing  to  lay  aside  their 
plans  cf  personal  ambition,  and  to  place  themselves  on  the  altar  of 
their  country,  and  to  put  themselves  under  the  leveling  discipline 
of  the  army. 

On  the  evening  of  the  17th,  we  were  embarked  at  Beaumont  on 
the  steamer  Florilda,  a  large  and  comfortable  steamer,  upon  which 
we  glided  off  from  the  landing,  and  set  sail  for  the  Bluff,  the  ter- 
minus of  navigation,  and  from  whence  our  journey  had  to  be  made 
by  land.  The  trip  was  unattended  by  any  feature  of  particular  in- 
terest, and  all  arrived  at  Nibletts  Bluff,  on  the  morning  of  the  18th, 
at  an  early  hour,  and  after  debarking  and  getting  all  the  baggage 
ashore,  the  men  went  into  camp  in  the  edge  of  the  town. 
BAD  TREATMENT.     ■ 

Here  we  had  the  first  realization  of  the  fact",  that  we  were  actual 


10 

rs,  and  had  the  first  lesson  illustrated  to  us,  that  a  soldier 
mu>t  be  patient  under  wrong,  and  that  he  is  remediless  under  in- 
justice— that  he,  although  the  self  constituted  and  acknowledged 
champion  of  liberty,  has,  nevertheless,  for  the  time  being,  parted 
with  that  boon,  and,  that  he  is  but  the  victim  of  all  official  mis- 
creant>  who  choose  to  subject  him  to  imposition. 

The  poor  soldier  receives  many  such  lessons,  and  his  fortitude 
and  patriotism  is  often  taxed  to  bear  them  without  open  rebellion, 
but  as  this  was  the  first  instance  In  which  we  had  an  opportunity 
of  seeing  and  feeling  such  lessons  experimentally,  we  here  chroni- 
cle the  circumstance  for  the  benefit  of  all  concerned.  Gen.  Van 
Porn  bad  entered  into  a  contract  with  one  J.  T.  Ward  to  transport 
these  troops  from  Texas  acro-s  to  Louisiana,  and  Ward  had  under- 
taken as  per  agreement  to  furnish  transportation  in  wagons  across 
the  country.  He  had  been  going  back  and  forth  for  weeks,  looking 
at  the  different  roads,  preparing  the  means  of  transportation  ;  had 
delayed  us  in  getting  off  from  Texas  until  all  his  vast  arrangements 
were  systematized,  and  until  all  his  immense  resources  could  be  de- 
ployed into  proper  order,  and  concentrated  at  Niblett's  Blufl'  for 
this  grand  exodus  of  two  thousand  soldiers,  who  were  but  await- 
ing his  movements  to  begin  their  onward  pilgrimage  to  the  great 
Mecca  of  their  hopes,  the  "Old  Dominion."  To  hear  this  man, 
Wan],  spout  and  splutter  among  the  streets  of  Houston  about  his 
.  teams  and  his  teamsters,  his  wagons  and  his 'mules,  one  would  have 
thought  that  the  weight  of  the  whole  Quartermaster's  Department 
of  the  Confederate  Army  rested  upon  his  shoulders,  and  that  his 
overburdened  head  was  taxed  with  the  superintendence  of  trains 
from  California  to  the  Potomac.  Be  this  as  it  may,  on  arriving  at 
the  Bluff,  whatever  may  have  been  the  resources  of  our  quarter- 
master, Ward,  on  this  especial  occasion  he  fell  short  of  an  approxi- 
mation to  our  necessities.  We  had  started  on  the  trip  with  cloth- 
ing, camp-equipage,  medical  stores,  and  commissary  supplies,  all 
complete.  The  citizens  of  Texas  had  left  nothing  undone  on  their 
part  to  send  their  sons  into  tht  field  well  supplied  with  everything 
essent'al  for  their  comfort,  and,  in  addition,  many  things  had  just 
been  drawn  from  the  agent  of  the  Government,  at  Houston,  which 
it  was  important  should  be  carried  with  us.  The  troops  were  new 
to  service,  and  unaccustomed  to  marching.  It  could  not  be  ex- 
» 


11 

pected  that  they  could  make  the  tedious  trip  through  the  swamps 
of  Louisiana,  unaided  by  liberal  transportation.  Van  Dorn  had  un- 
wisely and  unjustly  kept  them  in  the  sickly  miasma  of  Buffalo 
Bayou  until  disease  had  already  fallen  in  the  veins  of  many,  and  alT 
of  them  were  suffering  more  or  less  from  the  enervating  effects  of 
that  confinement,  buch  was  the  condition  of  the  men  now  thrown  • 
into  a  thin  and  sparsly  settled  region  of  Louisiana,  dependent  alon« 
upon  others  for  every  necessity  to  their  new  condition. 

Under  tins  state  of  affairs  we  found  seven  wagons,  with  indiffer- 
ent teams,  which  Ward  had  procured  for  the  purpose  of  transport- 
ing five  hundred  men,  with  the  equipments  and  outfit  mentioned. 
Ward  had  come  to  the  Bluff  with  us  on  the  steamer,  but  had  gone 
immediately  back,  aft'  r  leaving  assurances  that  his  preparations  for 
our  conveyance  were  ample.  It  is  said  that  the  wagons  that  he  did 
furnish,  were  gathered  jap  in  that  immediate  vicinity,  and  that  he 
engaged  some  of  them  even  at  so  late  an  hour  as  our  arrival  at  the 
Bluff. 

The  consequences  were,  that  the  officers  in  command  had  to  rely 
upon  themselves  for  the  means  of  prosecuting  the  march.  Tents, 
cooking  utensils,  clothing,  medical  stores,  &c,  to  a  large  ■amount, 
were  stowed  away  with  whosoever  would  promise  to  take  care  of 
theni  for  us  until  they  could  be  sent  on.  Our  sick  nit  n  were 
leit  behind,  and  our  journey  commenced  with  what  few  things 
could  be  carried  in  these  wagons. 

Such  an  inauspicious  introduction  to  the  service*,  was  far  from  be- 
ing encouraging  to  patriotic  ardor,  and  many  vented  their  curses 
against  Ward,,  Van  Dorn,  and  all  concerned;  but -so  earnest  were 
the  men  in  their  devotion  to  the  cause  iri  which  they  had  engaged, 
and  so  deep  their  confidence  that  all  things  would  work  light  when 
we  once  get  fairly  under  the  protecting  aegis  of  our  new  Govern- 
ment;  that  soon  all  mutinous  mutterings  or  complainings  wer« 
suppressed,  and  the  men  set  about  relieving  themselves  of  their 
difficulties  as  soon  as  possible. 

On  Sunday,  the  l'Jth  of  August,  the  line  of  march  was  taken  up. 
The  morning  vvus  wet  and  rainy,  and  the  roads  .soft.  The  column 
halted  in  the  evening  at  Cole's  Station,  about  six  miles  distant,  and 
bivouacked  for  the  night.  Wagons  were  sent  back  to  bring  up  our 
sick,  and  details  were  made  to.go  out  into  the  neighboring  country, 
ana"  to  try  and  secure  additional  transportation. 


12 

On  Monday,  the  20th,  the  troops  remained  in  camp  at  Cole's 
Station.  It  was  a  bright  sunshiny  day,  the  only  one  of  the  kind 
which  was  experienced  on  the  entire  trip.  Men  from  each  of  the 
companies  were  out  hunting  up  wagons,  and  every  hour  or  two  du- 
ring the  day,  the  agreeable  fact  was  made  known  by  a  cheer  from 
the  boy*;  that  an  ambulance  had  been  captured.  Some  eight  or  ten 
were  procured  during  the  day,  and  our  means  of  locomotion  con- 
siderably increased  thereby.  Some  of  the  "ambulances"  thus  im- 
pressed into  the  service  were  of  a  most  interesting  and  unique  fash- 
ion. Some  were  drawn  by  oxen,  some  by  horses,  and  some  by 
mules.  Some  rejoiced  in  four  wheels,  and  some  in  two— some  had 
wagon-beds,  and  some  had  none — some  showed  the  handicraft  of 
modern  mechanism  ;  while  here  and  there  a  creaking  set  of  trucks 
would  lead  us  back  to  antideluvian  times,  before  men  had  discover- 
ed the  uses  of  iron,  or  learned  the  arts  cf  the  blacksmith.  This 
mode  of  improvement  was  a  harsh  method  of  introducing  ourselves 
to  the  inhabitants  of  the  Calcasieu,  and  fell  upon  many  of  them 
with  inconvenience,  but  it  was  our  only. recourse,  and  most  all  of 
the  victims  resigned  themselves  to  the  tyranny  with  patriotic  com- 
posure ;  but  from  the  vain  attempts  made  in  some  cases  to  conceal 
their  stock  from  our  inquisitive  detectives,  it  was  evident  that  their 
virtue  Was  the  resort  of  necessity. 

The  next  day  the  journey  was  resumed  over  a  flat  and  piny  re- 
gion, and  about  sundown  we  arrived  at  Escobar's  store,  on  the  Cal- 
casieu river.  Here  we  had  an  illustration  of  Calcasieu  as  it  is — 
Calcasieu  as  it  was — and  Calcasieu  as  it  must  ever  be  in  our  recol- 
lections in  future  days.  The  march  had  been  arduous  and  fatigue- 
ing,  and  scarcely  had  the  train  halted,  and  while  the  men  were  en- 
gaged in  pitching  a  few  tents  for  the  accommodation  of  the  sick, 
when  the  windows  of  Heaven  were  opened,  and  the  floods  descend- 
ed. The  sky  had  given  no  premonitory  warnings  of  a  storm — it 
had  been  drizzling  rain  during  the  da}',  and  the  bo}rs  were  all  drip- 
ping when  they  arrived  at  camp ;  but  no  hoarse  mutterings  of  far- 
off  thunder,  no  fitful  gleamings  of  lightning  had  prepared  us  for 
this  copious  visitation  of  Heaven's  bounteous  showers.  * 

It  seemed  now  as  if  all  the  arteries  and  springs  which  feed  the 
rivers  of  Heaven  were  swollen  to  high  water-mark,  and  that  the 
rivers  had  burst  their  channels  in  aereal  space,  and  bounding  over 


13 

the  limitless,  expanse,  were  pouring  themselves  on  that  devoted 
spot  of  Confederate  domain,  known  as  Calcasieu.  The  rain  con- 
tinued all  the  night  through,  and  we  had  no  respite  from  its  pelt- 
ings  until  sunrise  the  next  morning. 

The  morning  came  and  brought  rest  from  the  merciless  peltings 
of  the  rain.  The  bright  god  of  day  again  showed  his  face,  and 
again  we  were  travellers. 

A  day's  journey  of  12  or  15  miles  brought  us  to  Clendening's 
Ferry,  on  the  Calcasieu.  This  stream  is  wide  and  deep  at  this 
point,  and  navigable  for  vessels  of  respectable  tonnage.  The  troops 
were  crossed  over  without  difficulty  in  a  schooner,  owned  by 
Captain  Goos,  a  resident  of  the  place,  who  not  only  in  this,  but  in 
all  other  transactions  with  the  soldiers,  acquitted  himself  as  a  clever 
man  and  a  true  patriot.  His  house  was  thrown  open  to  the  recep- 
tion of  as  many  as  could  be  entertained,  and  his  open-hearted  and 
hospitable  lady  set  to  work  with  her  whole  retinue  of  servants, 
preparing  food  for  the  weary  and  hungry  soldiers.  They  set  no 
price  upon  their  labors,  and  would  receive  no  compensation  for  their 
bounteous  outlay  of  provisions,  and  seemed  to  be  only  desirous  of 
learning  our  necessities  in  order  to  minister  to  them.  The  troops 
having  crossed  over,  the  wagons  were  next  in  oi'der,  and  here  came 
the  tug  cf  war.  The  banks  on  the  east  side  of  the  stream  were 
very  steep,  and  the  continued  rains  had  made  them  so  slippery  that 
our  animals  could  not  hold  their  footing,  and  the  men  had  to  per- 
form the  labor  of  getting  them  up  the  bank  themselves.  A  rope 
was  attached  to  the  tongue  of  a  wagon,  and  the  boys  having  formed 
a  line  on  top  of  the  hill,  thus  drew  them  up.  The  labor  was  se- 
vere ;  a  continuous  rain  falling  all  the  time,  added  to  the  dis- 
comfort. All  the  night  long  was  thus  spent,  and  daylight  found 
them  still  at  the  work — but  at  last  it  was  accomplished,  and  once 
more  wc  are  ready  to  proceed. 

Leaving  the  Calcasieu,  our  march  was  continued  through  a  con- 
stant rain,  through  swamps  and  marshes,  lagoons,  wrecks, -and  oyery 
imaginable  species  of  water}T  element,  many  of  them  over  waist- 
deep,  until  we  at  length  came  to  a  halt,  after  a  day's  journey  of  10 
or  12  miles.  We  were  halted  in  a  prairie,  immediately  on  a  steam, 
whose  waters  were  running  out  of  its  banks,  and  still  rising.  The 
wagons  could  not  be  crossed,  and  we  went  into  camp  to  await  the 


14 

developments  of  the  night.  The  next  morning  a  rude  bridge  was 
constructed,  over  which  the  wagons  were  hauled  by  hand,  while 
the  animals  swam  across.  The  teams  were  then  hitched  up, 
and  we  proceeded  eight  miles  to  a  stage  stand,  at  a  point  called 
Pine  Island,  when  we  encamped  late  in  the  evening,  the  Weather 
•till  continuing  rainy. 

On  the  L'oih  we  had  the  same  sort  of  road,  and  similar  weather 
for  about  12  miles,  to  Welsh's  Station.  Here  we  crossed  the 
strcan  on  trees  which  we  felled  across  it,  and  with  some  difficulty 
got  our  wagons  over. 

2Gth.  Came  to  the  Mermenteau  river.  This  day's  march  was,  per- 
haps, the  most  severe  on  the  trip.  The  distance  traveled  was  not 
so  great  as  on  some  other  days,  but  at  every  step  the  toiling  and 
wearied  pedestrian  encountered  what  appeared  to  be  a  UtiU 
deeper  and  a  little  softer  spot.  It  was  on  this  day  that  we  made  the 
ing  of  the  "  Grand  Marias,"  or  more  aptly  termed  by  the  boys 
the  "  Grand  Miry."  In  many  places  the  men  waded  up  to  the  neck 
through  the  swamps,  where  the  alligators  lay  basking  in  the  tall 
grass,  as  if  disputing  the  passage,  and  seemed  reluctant  to  give  way 
without  a  stern  admonition  in  the  way  of  a  bayonet  thrust,  to  im- 
press them  with  a  proper  respect  for  the  characters  of  the  new- 
comers. Many  were  bayoneted  by  the  soldiers,  and  held  up  in 
triumph  as  they  went  on  plunging  through  the  dangerous  waters. 

Leaving  this  stream  on  the  27th,  a  long  march  of  20  miles  was 
made,  diversified  by  the  same  series  of  watery  trials,  and  on  the 
next  day,  the  28th,  we  arrived  at  Lafayette,  a  nice  little  town  in 
Lafayette  Parish,  Louisiana.  The  troops  bivouacked  that  night  about 
two  miles  distant  Irom  the  town,  on  Vermillion  Bayou,  in  grounds 
owned  by  ex- Governor  Mouton. 

The  Governor  not  only  offered  his  grounds  and  timbers  adjacent 
for  our  use,  but  called  in  his  neighbors  and  gathered  together  all 
the  vehicles  that  were  serviceable  in  the  community  to  forward  us 
on  to*  New  Iberia,  distant  twenty-five  miles. 

Hitherto  our  journey  had  been  made  through  a  country  almost 
destitute  of  civilization.  No  smiling  towns  or  villages  had  dotted 
the  watery  waste — no  sight  of  groaning  barns,  or  fields  of  waving 
grain  had  delighted  our  visions,  as  tramp,  tramp,  splash,  splash,  we 
threaded  the  uncertain  depths  of  swamp  and  morass.     What  few 


15 

settlers  we  had  passed  were  a  poor  class  of  citizens,  chiefly  engaged 
in  the  business  of  shipping  lumber  out  of  the  numerous  lakes  and 
bayous,  or  now  and  then  a  herdsman  with  a  band  of.cattle  or  sheep 
in  charge.  Now  we  had  again  arrived  in  the  white  settlement,  and 
were  once  more  among  a  generous  and  hospitable  people.  The  next 
day  we  made  an  early  start,  our  largely  increased  transportation 
enabling  by  far  the  greater  number  of  the  men  to  ride;  and  as  we 
continued  our  day's  journey,  other  wagons,  carriages,  and  horses 
were  kindly  placed  at  our  disposal,  until  by  the  time  we  reached 
New  Iberia,  almost  every  one  had  some  sort  of  conveyance  to  ride 
upon»  The  advance  par/t  of  our  train  arrived  at  Iberia  about  12 
o'clock,  M.,  arid  by  4  or  5  P.  M.,  the  whole  party  were  up  and 
ready  for  embarkation  on  the  steamer. 

Col.  Win.  II.  Stewart,  of  Gonzales,  had  preceeded  us  in  order  to 
engige  a  steamer  to  convey  us  to  Brashear  city,  and  on  our  arrival 
we  found  the  steamer  at  the  wharf,  ready  to  bear  us  on  our 
journey. 

As  a  matter  of  course,  great  joy  was  manifested  on  our  arrival 
at  the  terminus  of  our  long  pilgrimage.  We  had  now  travelled  a 
distance  of  one  hundred  and  fifty-five  miles  in  a  period  of  about 
twelve  days.  During  this  entire  neriod  we  had  see#n  but  one  dry 
day,  and  the  men  had  not  known  what  it  was  to  have  dry  clothing 
or  dry  blankets.  On  the  march,  during  the  day,  they  were  wholly 
unprotected  from  the  peltings  of  the  elements,  and  at  night  threw 
themselves  on  the  wet  ground,  very  frequently  without  fires,  where 
they  shivered  the  night  through.  In  order  to  travel  better,  the 
men  divested  themselves  of  all  heavy  articles  of  apparel,  even  to 
their  coats,  pants  and  shoes ;  and  it  was  a  common  spectacle  on  the 
road  to  see  a  mar.ly  specimen  of  human  nature  trudging  along, 
singing  Dixie  as  he  wxnt,  minus  everything  in  the  shape  of  clothes 
except  a  ebii t.  Such  was  the  appearance  of  our  men  when  they 
entered  the  lively  little  town  of  New  Iberia.  But  the  generous 
and  wholo-souled  denizens  of  the  tow-n  soon  gave  us  assurance* 
that  we  were  among  friends,  and  that  the}'  appreciated  the  patriot- 
ism and  devotion  that  had  thrown  us  in  this  plight  among  them. — 
Provisions,  eatables,  drinkables,  &c,  were  furnished  us  in  abun- 
dance, the  beautiful  ladies  greeted  u's  with  the  witchery  of  their 
smiles,  and  fathers  and  mothers  cheered  us  with  approval  as  we 


*  16 

came,  and  sent  us  away  with  their  best  wishes  and  prayers.  Even- 
ing found  us  gliding  down  the  waters  of  the  last  Louisiana  Bayou 
which  we  were  for  a  time  to  know,  and  in  the  morning  without  ac- 
cident we  lay  at  the  wharf  at  Brashear  city.  From  hence  we  took 
the  cars  for  the  Crescent  city,  where  we  arrived  at  night,  crossed 
'  the  river  and  were  quartered  in  an  old  cotton  ware-house  for  the 
night. 

We  tarried  in  New  Orleans  but  one  day,  and  left  on  the  evening 
of  Sept.  1st,  on  the  cars  for  Richmond.  While  the  trip  possessed 
an  interest  as  showing  the  mighty  revolution  going  on  in  the  coun- 
try, it  was  unattended  by  any  feature  of  particular  adventurg. 

The  journey  was  slow  and  tedious.  The  roads  were  thronged 
with  soldiers  from  New  Orleans  to  Richmond,  and  the  whole  coun- 
try presented  the  appearance  of  a  vast  camp.  We  were  the  fi**st 
Texans  that  had  passed  in  a  large  body,  and  on  this  account  were 
more  or  less  the  objects  of  attention.  We  were  delayed  at  several 
points,  and  laid  over  at  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  four  days,  awaiting  trans- 
portation. 

We  arrived  at  Richmond  on  the  12th  day  of  September,  and 
were  placed  in  camp  at  Rocketts.  In  a  few  days  the  remaining 
companies  arrived,  and  the  whole  body  of  Texans  were  removed 
out  of  the  city  about  three  miles,  to  await  our  organization  into 
regiments. 

CAMP  TEXAS  ORGANIZATION. 

Our  new  camp  was  situated  in  convenient  proximity  to  the  city, 
in  a  healthy  locality,  and  was  styled  "  Camp  Texas,"  in  honor  of 
our  Lone  Star  State.  Here  the  drill  was  again  resumed,  and  our 
company  officers  set  to  work  in  earnest  in  preparing  the  men  for 
the  field.  ^ 

The  great  topic  of  conversation,  and  the  all-absorbing  question 
was,  "Who  will  be  our  Regimental  Officers?"'  "Who  will  com- 
mand us  ?"  It  has  been  seen  that  the  two  regiments  had  come  on 
to  Virginia*  without  organization — this  matter  having  been  deferred 
to  the  Confederate  authorities  in  Richmond — and  now  that  the 
time  was  approaching,  the  question  became  one  of  interest  to  all 
Texans  at  the  Capital,  whether  belonging  to  the  army  or  not. 

It  had  been  lepresented  in  Texas  that  the  President  and  the  War 


17 

Department  bad  taken  this  matter  of  military  appointments  espe- 
cially in  charge — that  their  wisdom  had  grasped  the  subject,  and 
considered  it  in  all  its  details,  and  were  resolved  no  mishap  should 
befall  our  arms  by  reason  of  neglect  in  this  particular  matter — the 
appointment  of  leaders  to  show  our  brave  boys  the  nearest  and 
easiest  paths  to  victory  and  glory. 

It  was  said  that  the  lives  of  soldiers  were  too  precious,  and  the 
interests  of  freedom  too  dear,  to  permit  incompetent  men  to  have 
places  in  the  army  as  officers. 

It  was  intimated  that  at  Richmond  there  would  be  found  sitting 
in  imperial  state*,  .an  imposing  board  of  military  Savons,  deeply 
skilled  in  all  the  mysteries  of  military  science,  and  so  deeply  im- 
bued with  occul't  lore,  that  no  one  but  a" man  of  military  require- 
ments and  personal  ability  might  hope  to  pass  the  ordeal  of  their 
examination.  Under  such  an  apprehension,  several  gentlemen  of 
ability  and  experience  in  the  field  had  abandoned  their  association 
with  us  in.  Texas,  through  fear  of  submitting  their  humble  preten- 
sions to  so  severe  a  system  of  anylization,  and  we  had  come  on  in 
calm  trust  of  these  flattering  promises  of  the  Government,  and 
were  here  ready  to  undergo  the  transmutation  from  a  state  of  pro- 
vincial rusticity  and  greenness  to  a-  state  of  military  system  and 
perfection,  by  sqme  legerdemain  of  the  West  Poiijt  tactician.  ]}ut 
alas!  for  the  deceitfulness  of  human  hopes,  and  the  mutability  of 
human  calculations,  it  did  not  appear  that  we  were  so  likely  to  get 
as  competent  officers  over  us  by  the  appointment  of  the  authorities 
as  we  had  left  behind  us  in  Texas,  or  brought  with  us  to  Virginia. 
The  first  attempt  at  giving  a  Colonel  to  the  4th  Regiment,  was  the 
appointment  of  R.  T.  P.  Allen,  a  citizen  of  Bartrop,  Texas,  and  the 
President  of  the  Military  Institute  at  that  place.  This  gentleman, 
although  a  man  of  thorough  military  education,  was  not  accepta- 
ble to  either  men  or  officers.  He  had  been  in  command  of  the  Camp 
of  Instruction,  at  Camp  Clark,  Texas,  and  the  men  had  there  with  rc- 
markble  unanimity,  come, to  the  conclusion  that  he  did  not  suit  their 
views  of  a  commander.  %A  protest  against  this  appointment  was  made 
by  the  officers  of  the  Regiment,  and  Colonel  Allen  returned  to  Texas. 

John  15.  Hood  was  tnen  appointed  Colonel  of  the  4th,  an  I  a^  his 
name  will  appear  interwoven  through  many  pages  of  this  narrative, 
if  is  not  necessary  to  speak  of  him  here. 


18 

John  Marshall,  of  Austin,  received  the  appointment  of  T  ieutenant 
Colonel,  ami  liradfute  Warrick,  of  Virginia,  that  of  Major. 

Those  two  latter  appointments  were,  at  the  time,  matter  of  se- 
vere animadversion  among  the  men.  Neither  appointment  was 
acceptable  to  the  command. 

C  tlonol  Marshall  was  esteem*}  as  a  brave  man,  and  admired  as 
an  eminent  eivillian — an  able  editor,  and  a  good  Democrat— a  friend 
to  Secession,  and  devoted  to  the  cause  of  the  South.  But  it  was 
Dot  deemed  that  he  came  up  to  the  standard  as  a  military  man,  and 
his  selection  over  the  he/ids  of  others  who  were  qualified,  was  look- 
ed noon  as  savoring  too  much  of  a  spirit  of  political  favoritism. — 

Major  Warrick  was  altogether  unknown,  and  being  a  Virginian, 
in  nowise  connected  or  identified  with  Texas  or  Texans,  his  appoint- 
ment was  looked  upon  as  unjust  to  the  men  and  to  the  State  of 
Texas.  No  steps  were  taken,  however,  in  opposition  to  the  ap- 
pointments. J.  D.  Wade,  Quartermaster,  w'th  the  rank  of  Cap- 
tain— Lieutenant  Burroughs,  of  Co.  K.,  Commissary,  which  he  re- 
signed in  favor  of  Tom  Owens,  who  assumed  the  position — R.  II. 
Bassett,  of  Co.  G,  was  appointed  Adjutant,  and  Tom  Cunningham, 
of  Co.  F,  was  appointed  Sergeant-Major.  Thus  was  the  4th  Texas 
organize^  and  with  these  officers  the  Regiment  entered  the  field. 

'i  he  5th  Texas  Regiment  was  being  organized  a£  the  same  time, 
end  a  similar  policy  was  pursued  in  the  appointment  of  officers  for 
it.  The  first  individual  who  presented  himself  with  his  credentials 
as  Colonel,  was  a  representative  of  the  Tribe  of  Benjamin,  whose 
name  is'  now  forgotten.  I  do  not  know  that  I  ever  heard  it,  and 
how  he  came  to  be  put  forward,  where  he  came  from  or  whither  ho 
went  after  his  untoward  reception,  is  altogether  unknown.  He  was 
a  veritable  Jew,  and  his  career  with  us  was  of  short  duration.  He 
came  out  to  the  camp  in  all  the  pomp  and  circumstance  befitting 
his  high  position,  splendidly  mounted  on  a  steed  as  spendidly 
caparisoned — glittering  with  the  tinsel  of  gold,  and  bearing  about 
him  all  the  symbols  of  his  rank,  in  a  manner  quite  unexceptionable. 
lie  rode  among  and  examined  his  new  command,  and  expressed 
himself  satisfied  with  the  material  turned  over  to  his  care.  In 
fact,  after  looking  over  the  tall  forms  of  our  boys,  their  intrepid 
bearing  and  speaking  force,  lie  thought  they  Would  do  for  him,  and 
had  as  little  doubt  that  he  would  do  for  them.     In  the  exuberance 


19 

ef  his  satisfaction  at  the  prospect  before  him,  he  exclaimed 

"  I  links  I  can  manage  te  Texas  poys,"  and  I  tinks  po/e  togetter  we 
can  clean  out  te  —  Yankees. 

The  boys  gathered  around  him  and  manifested  their  wonder  at 
the  liberality  of  the  appointing  power,  by  divers  and  sundry  re- 
marks, which  to  be  appreciated  properly  should  have  been  heard. 

"  What,"  says  one,  "  What  is  it*  Is  it  a  man,  a  fish,  or  a  bird?'1 
Of  course  it  is  a  man,  says  another,  "  Don't  3'ou  see  his  legs." 

"  Well,"  says  another,  "  that  thing  may  be  a  man,  but  we  don't 
call  them  men  in  Texas." 

With  such  polite  remarks  were  the  ears  of  our  Tsraelitish  friend 
greeted  on  every  side,  and  while  he  was  at  a  loss  somewhat  to  com- 
prehend the  conduct  of  te  poys  in  its  full  significance,  he  saw  enough 
to  give  him  some  uneasiness  and  misgivings  as  to  the  task  he  had 
Resumed, 

The  next  morning,  on  ordering  his  horse  to  take  a  ride,  our  Col- 
onel discovered  that  instead  of  the  sweeping  air  of  his  proud 
charger  as  hitherto  displayed,  that  he  came  out  dejected  in  gait, 
and  with  downcast  looks.  An  ^examination  proved  that  he  had 
been  entirely  divested  of  his  great  ornament.  His  tail  had  been 
cut  off  during  the  night. 

Without  a  remark  of  any   kind,  without  a  solitary  good  byej 

without  one  last  sigh  of  farewell,  Colonel left,  and   was 

never  heard  of  by  the  5th  Texas  again.  The  Regiment  was  then 
organized  by  the  appointment  of  J.  J.  Archer,  Colonel;  J.  B. 
Robertson,  Lieutenant  Colonel;  and  Q.  J.  Quattlebum,  Major — 
Lieut.  Col.  Robertson  the  only  Texan  among  them. 

The  time  was  improved  by  a  daily  system  of  drilling,  the  men 
and  officers  all  entering  into  the  exercises  with  a  spirit  and  zest 
worthy  of  the  cause  to  which  they  had  consecrated  themselves. 

We  were  now  organized,  and  new  life  and  vigor  diffused  itself 
through  every  department,  and  into  all  our  exercises.  The  ques- 
tion of  "  Who  shall  be  our  officers?"  gave  place  to  speculations  at 
to  the  ability  and  relative  qualifications  of  th'^se  who  had  1  eon 
appointed  to  command.  The  measles  had  thinned  our  ranks,  but 
we  still  had  quite  a  respectable  line,  save  in  one  thing.  On  dress 
parade  there  were  so  many  of  the  convalescents  coughing  at  the 
eame  time,  that  it  was  difficult  sometimes  to  hear  the  commanl  of 


20 

the  Colonel.  But  when  the  Colonel  himself — with  whom  the  men 
were  not  sufficiently  acquainted  to  t*ake  liberties — was  absent,  the 
made  by  one  hundred  and  orte  men  coughing,  with  the  inter- 
esting style  and  unique,  orders  given  by  the  commanding  officer 
afforded  opportunity  to  the  boys  for  the  exercise  of  ttieir  risibles, 
which  (they  improved  to  great  advantage.  And  many  of  them  were 
5«»  delighted  at  the  displays  as  to  be  heard  even  until  a  late  hour 
of  the  night  going  through  the  mamiel  of  arms. 

REMOVAL  TO  THE  POTOMAC. 

The  winter  coming  on,  all  felt  anxious  to  know  to  what  part  of 
the  field — whether  to  the  Peninsula,  Western  Virginia,  or  Poto- 
mac— we  would  be  ordered  ;  or  if  we  were  to  go  into  winter  quar- 
ters at  this  place.  Orders  were  received  on  the  4th  of  November, 
to  send  away  all  surplus  baggage,  and  prepare  for  the  march,  and  not 
until  the  7th  did  we  know  where  we  were  going.  At  last  ic  was 
announced  that  we  were  to  become  a  part  of  the  "  Army  of  the 
Potomac."  All  were  satisfied.  This  was  the  place  to  which  we 
Wished  to  be  assigned.  For  it  was  believed  Jhat  that  would  be 
the  scene  of  active  operations,  and  as  the  bo}rs  were  spoiling  for  a 
fight,  they  were  delighted  with  the  prospect:  and  on  the  8th  we 
marched  in  and  took  the  cars  for  Brooks'  Station,  where  we  arrived 
in  the  evening,  and  pitched  our  tents  for  the  n  ght.  Next  morning, 
while  making  arrangements  to  march,  we  received  orders  from 
General  Holmes  to  remain.  It  was  rumored  that  the  enemy  were 
making  demonstrations  on  the  Maryland  shore,  as  if  they  intended 
crossing.  No  further  evidences  were  given  of  such  a  design  up  to 
the  12th  instant,  when  we  received  a  telegram  from  Gen.  Wigfall 
to  move  forward  on  the  next  morning  to  Dumfries.  In  a  short 
time  another  message  by  the  wires  came  for  us  to  move  up  without 
delay,  for  the  enemy  was  threatening  his  position.  In  a  few  min- 
ute-; every  tent  on  the  field  dropped,  the  wagons  were  packed  and 
piled — and  now  it  became  apparent  that  our  baggage  was  much  be- 
yond the  capacity  of  transportation,  and  a  large  quantity  had 
to  be  stored  and  left — and  a  little  before  sunset  the  line  was 
formed  and  wheeled  off  for  a  long,  mudd}',  tiresome  tramp.  It  was 
an  interesting  march.  We  had  traversed  the  swamps  of  Louisiana 
when  they  stood  at  high  water-mark,  but  we  had  day  light  to  travel 


21 

in.  Now  we  had  to  sight  for  the"  course,  and  guess  at  the  bottom. 
And,  if  I  were  allowed  to  guess,  judging  from  my  own  feeling,  the 
"soundings"  were  not  so  amusing  as  when  aboard  the  Florilda, 
crossing  the  Bay.  We  had  been  in  the  serv'ce  just  long  enough  for 
the  compan}'-  officers  to  feel  considerable  pride  in  keeping  their 
lines  well  "  dressed, '^and  it  is  unnecessary  for  me  to  say  that  thoy 
ha"d  a.  good  time  of  it  that  night,  and  especially  towards  daylight, 
about  half  an  hour  before  which  we  reached  the  ancient  city.  We 
had  moved  18  miles  during  the  night,  and  were  present,  if  not 
read}',  for  a  fight.  But  as  good  luck  would  have  it,  the  signs  for  a 
fight  had  disappeared,  and  we  were  allowed  to  sleep  and  rest  during 
the  day.  Next  morning  we  were  ordered  to  move  down  and  select 
a  camp  on  the  Potomac.  But  we  had  not  gone  far  when  a  courier 
arriving  in  post-haste,  said  "  the  Yankees  are  coming."  General 
VVigfall  soon  rode  up  and  told  us  we  must  meet  them.  The  boys 
said,  "  that  is  what  we  came  for,"  and  with  a  loud  cheer  moved  off 
— now  for  a  lively  time.  After  a  mile  through  the  deep  mud,  the 
weight  of  gun,  cartridge-box,  big  knife,  six  shooter,  and  tremendous 
knapsack,  begun  to  steady  the  men  down  to  a  moderate  gait — for 
they  were  packed  like  Mexican  mules  for  market.  We  were  halt- 
idy  and  the  surplus  was  piled,  and  on  the,  line  moved  for  about 
three  miles.  Here  we  met  anot'hcr  courier  who  informed  us  that 
it  was  a  mistake.  There  were  no-  Yankees  on  this  side  the  river, 
ind  the  cannonading  which  we  heard  was  the  batteries  firing  at 
some  little  schooners  passing  the  river.  All  felt  disappointed.  But 
n  the  absence  of  a  chance  to  annoy  the  Yankees,  the  boys  begun  on 
*ach  other,  ana  there  were  some  good  jokes  and  hearty  laughs  pass- 
ed along  the  line.  One  .was  Recused  of  turning  pale,  another  with 
breaking  down  to  get  to  the  rear.  Somebody  had  taken  the  cLjolic, 
ind  one  of  the  officers  had  taken  the  ring  off  of  his  finger  and  given 
t  to  his  servant  saying,  "  Here,  Charley,  take  this  ring,  and  if  1  get 

killed,  gWe  it  to ,"  &c,  Ac. 

We  then  moved  to  the  river  and  camped  for  the  night,  and  it 
was  several  days  before  we  went  into  a  permanent  camp,  on  Pow- 
bI's  Run,  where  we  remained  during  the  winter.  There  was  but 
little  of  interest  in  our  quarters,  except  rain,  sleet,  snow  and  mud, 
with  which  we  were  blessed  in  great  abundance.  How  often.it 
rained,  and  how  deep  Uie  mud  got  before  spring,  it  would  be  need- 


22 

less  to  tell  any' one  with  the  expectation  that  he  would  believe  it, 
unless  be  bad  scon  the  Calcasieu. 

We  here  met  with  the  1-t  Texas  Regiment,  commanded  by  Col* 
IfcLeod,  and  the  three  regiments,  l>t,  4th  and  '»th.  were  organized 
into  a  Brigade,  styled  the  Texas  Brigade,  under  the  command  of 
Brigadier  General  Louis  'J'.  Wigfall.  The  Isfh  Georgia  was  after- 
Vards  added  to  the  command,  and  at  a  later  period  Hampton's  Le- 
gion, from  South  Carolina.  The  l>t  Texas  Regiment  was  composed 
of  companies  that  had  hurried  to  Virginia  on  the  first  breaking  out 
of  hostilities;  they  had  come  on  without  any  regimental  organiza- 
tion, and  were  at  first  formed  into  a  Regiment  and  placed  under  the 
command  of  Col.  Wigfall.  When  the  Brigade  was  formed,  Wigfall' 
became  Brigade  Commander.  Col.  Win.  H.  Stewart,  on  the  organi- 
sation of  the  Brigade-,  received  the  appointment  of  Commissary, 
with  the  rank  of  Major,  and  Moses  B.  George  that  of  Quartermas- 
ter, with  the  same  rank. 

As  soon  as  it  was  understood  we  were  quartered  for  the  winter, 
the  men  set  about  building  cabins;  audit  would  puzzle  any  ar- 
th-t  in  the  world  to  give  the  style  of  architecture*  in  the  canton- 
ment,  consequently  ire  will  not  attempt  the  task.  For  some  of 
them  were  <^i  the  hilUand  some  under  the  hill  ;  some  were  on  top 
of  the  ground  and  others  were  under  the  ground.  Some  were 
•.  while  others  were  small.  One  was  in  this  shape,  and  another 
in  that  shape.  Mess  No.  2  had  a  high  house,  while  No.  5  had  a 
short  house.  No.  3  had  his  chimney  inside,  and  No.  7  had  his  on 
the* outside.  And  the  doors — where  do  you  suppose  they  were  ? 
But  I  must  here  call  to  mind  the  important  night  alarm  we  had 
about  the  time  these  skrllful  buildew  were  laying  out  their  plans 
and  laying  oil'  their  building-;.  For  it  was  in  the  midst  of  their 
Consultations  as  to  whether  they  would  have  the  door  by  the  jam, 
or  in  the  gable  end  ;  tic  window  under  the  bed,  or  in  the  chimney; 
the  shelf  on  the  floor,  or  out  of  doors;  whether  all  should  sleep  in 
one  bed,  or  each  by  himself — when  at  midnight,  in  the -midst  ol  a 
drenching  rain,  a  picket,  came  dashing  in  and  reported  the  enemy 
cros-ing  the  river  and"  marching  upon  us.  All  hands  were  called 
up,  and  the  preliminaries  for  a  night  attack  were  hastily  disposed 
of,  and  all  were  in  readiness  for  a  fight  or  a  foot-race,  as  future  de- 
yelopments  should  indicate  would  be  for  the  best.     Over  on  tlio 


23 

other  side  of  the  run  Col.  Wofford  Lad  his  men  in  line  of  battle, 
awaiting  the  onset.  And  we  heard  Col.  Hood  tell  General  Wigfall 
that  Colonel  "W..  he  thought,  had  taken  his  position  down  on  the 
hill-side,  in  front  of  his  Regiment,  and  was  ready  with  bis  pistol 
Cooked,  to  blow  them  up  if  the)'  came.  To#the  right  we  could  hear 
that  "  same  old  drum  "  calling  up  the  braves  of  the  5th  to  go  after 
the  disturbers  of  our  dreams.  And  the  ardor  of  Colonel  Archer 
being  greater  than  that  of  the  other  commanders,  h*e  marched  his 
men  out  to  meet  them — halfway — two  miles  from  his  camp.  But 
as  the  rain  continued  to  fall  durin?  their  reconnoisance,  .we  are  of 
opinion — although  we  never  heard  from  him  on  tbo  subject — that  he 
returned  to  camp  considerably  cooled' down.  When  morning  came, 
it  developed  ttie  fact  that  no  troops  had  crossed,  except  about  a 
dozen,  wLose  object,  from  the  tracts  left  on  the  beach,  was  to  catch 
our  pickets  and  introduce  them  to* General  Sickles,  on  the  Mary- 
land shore,  but  had  failed. 

During  the  greater  portion  of  the  winter  there  was  a  detail  of 
about  twenty  men  from  each  of  the  Texas  Regiments,  kept  on  the 
Occoquan,  to  watch  the  enemy's  movements,  and  anno}'  them  in 
their  advances.  They  soon  became  a  terror  to  scoutts  and  pickets 
from  the  other  side,  and  chances  for  a  shot  grew  more  unfrequent 
as  the  enemy  became  better  acquainted  with  their  style  of  manners. 
In  the  latter  part  of  January,  nine  of  these  scouts,  principally  of 
the  1st,  put  up  at  a  house  near  the  Accotink  Mills,  on  the  other 
Bide  of.  the  river,  to  spend  the  n;ght.  At  a  late  hour,  being  led  by 
a  citizen,  Lieut.  Col.  Burk,  37th  N.  Y.,  with  90  men  and  a  detach- 
ment of  cavalry,  surrounded  the  house  and  demanded  a  surrender. 
The  boys  were  aroused  from  sleep,  and  gathering  their  guns,  imme- 
diately opened  fire,  which  was  briskly  returned.  After  three 
rounds  one  of  the  men  shouted,  ';  Hurra,  boys,  Hampton's  corning, 
I  hear  him  on  the  bridge;"  at  which  they  took  fright  and  le't. — 
Next  morning  revealed  the  fact  that  they  had  killed  as  many  an 
there  were  men  ot  their  own  party,  and  through  prisoners  learned 
they  had  wounded  as  many  more. 

About  the  1st  of  March,  21  of  the  18th  Georgia  were  ordered  to 
this  party,  who  parsed  up  to  the  Poheick  church  for  the  purpose 
of  ambushing  the  enemy's  scouts,  but  the  enemy  ambushed  them] 
yet  they  did  not  fire  on  them,  fearing  they  might  be  their  own  men  . 


24 

After  going  half  a  mile^  they  concealed  themselves  to  await  tlie 
coming  of  the  enciuy,  but  to  their  surprise  they  came  in  a  different 
direction  to  the  one  anticipated.  But  when  in  proper  distance  our 
men  fired  and  brought  down  a  Colonel,  a  Quartermaster,  a  Captain, 
and  eleven  private!,  and  then  made  their  way  back  across  to  our 
side  unhurt  After  our  men  passed  them,  they  sent  off  for  four 
companies  to  surround  them,  but  they  svere  too  late,  but  we,re  in 
1  time  to  bury  those  who  had  sent  for  them. 

Early  in  February,  a  detail  from  each  company  of  the  different 
Regiments,  of  a  commissioned  and  non-commissiofted  officer  was 
made  and  sent  to  Texas  for  recruits,  who  left  about  the  10th  inst. 

AVhile  at  Richmond  we  had  Divine  Services  regularly  on  Sab- 
bath, and  each  night  when  circumstances  would  permit.  But  after 
removing  to  the  Fotomac,  for  the  want  of  a  comfortable  place  for 
meeting,  our  opportunities  were  lessened.  For  while  the  weather 
was  so  unpleasant,  we  had  the  privilege  of  preaching  only  when  the 
Sabbath  was  .suitable  for  out-door  services. 

EVACUATION  OF  THE  POTOMAC. 

Previous  to  5th  March,  nothing  of  stirring  interest  occurred. 

The  same  unvarying  round  of  damp  duties  was  performed ;  but  little 
interest  was  felt  erther  .by  officers  or  men.  The  weather  was  so 
disagreeable  and  the  roads  so  muddy,  that  drills  and  even  dress 
parades  had  to  be  dispensed  with,  and  cooking,  eating  and  sleeping 
constituted  our  chief  employments. 

On  the  date  above  mentioned,  a  detail  of  20  men  was  made  from 
each  of  the  three  Texas  Regiments,  with  orders  to  report  to  Col. 
\Va<lu  Hampton,  then  on  the  Occoquan.  They  did  so,  and  formed 
a  rear  guard  to  his  command,  as  it  moved  back  via  Manassas  to 
Frederick-!  urg,  where  they  arrived  March  11^  and  were  highly 
complimented  by  that  excellent  officer,  in  a  written  order,  not  only 
for  the  manner  in  which  this  duty  had  been  performed,  but  for 
their  services  on  former  occasions. 

Orders  having  previously  been  issued,  the  Brigade  decamped  on 
the  afternoon  of  March  8th.  After  forming  for  the  march,  Colonel 
Hood  addressed  the  4th  Texas  as. follows: 

"Soldiers— I  had'hoped  that  when  we  left  our  winter-quarters, 
it  would  be  to  move  forward ;  but  those  who  have  better  opportu- 


25 

nities  of  judging  than  we  have,  order  otherwise.  You  must  not  re- 
gard it  as  a  disgrace — it  is  never  a  disgrace  to  retreat  when  the 
welfare  of  your  country  requires  such  a  movement.  Ours  is  tho 
last-Brigade  to  leave  the  lines  ot  the  Potomac.  Upon  us  devolves 
the  duties  of  a  rear  guard,  and  in  order  to  discharge  them  faith- 
fully, every  man  must  be  in  his  place,  at  all  times.  You  are  now 
leaving  your  comfortable  winter  quarters  to  enter  upon  a  stirring 
campaign — a  campaign  which  will  be  filled  with  blood,  and  fraught 
with  the  destinies  of  our  young  Confederacy.  Its  success  or  fail- 
ure rests  upon  the  soldiers  of  the  South.  They  are  equal  to  the 
emergency.  I  feel  no  hesitation  in  predicting  that  you,  at  least,, 
will  discharge  your  duties,  and  when  the  struggle  does  come,  that 
proud  banner  you  bear,  placed  by  the  hand  of  beauty  in  the  keep- 
ing of  the  brave,  will  ever  be  found  in  the  thickest  of  the  fray. — 
Fellow-soldiers — Texans — let  us  stand  or  fall  together.  I  have 
done.'-' 

With  three  cheers  for  Colonel  Hood,  and  a  lingering  look  at  the 
old  camp — the  scene  of  many  a  merry  and  idle  hour — we  took  up 
the  line  of  march,  and  camped  that  night  on  the  south  side  of  tho 
Chapewamsic. 

To  prevenjt  our  movements  being  known  to  the  enemy,  whose 
camps  could  be  seen  on  the  Maryland  shore,-  we  left  our  tents  and 
cabins  standing,  and,  for  want  of  transportation,  were  forced  to 
abandon  a  portion  "of  our  personal  baggage.  Of  the  small  amount 
with  which  we  started,  the  quartermaster  threw  away  a  great  part, 
owing  to  the  wretched  condition  of  the. roads,  and  by  so  doing  bit- 
terly disappointed  many,  both  officers  and  men. 

Moving  next  morning  at  daylight,  we  reached  Austin's  Run  just 
before  dark.  This  camp*  will  long  be  remembered  by  every  lover 
of  the  wild  and  beautiful  who  was  there.  Two  hill-sides,  facing- 
each  other,  were  occupied  each  by  two  regiments.  The  night  was 
dark  and  cold,  and  fuel  plenty.  The  countless  fires,  sparkling  and 
crackling  the  dense  shadow  of  the  heavy  forest,  and  the  dusky 
forms  of  the  soldiers  moving  to  and  fro,  combined  with  the  impen- 
etable  darkness  of  the  back-ground,  lent  a  wild  grandeur  to  tho 
scene,  which  fully  explained  the  charms  of  a  gipsy  life.  Started 
early  next  morning,  and  marching  all  day  through  the  rain,  camped 
about  four  P.  M.  on  Potomac  Run.     On  the  11th,  Colonel  Hood  re~ 


2f> 

reived  n  »tice  of  his  appointment  as  Brigadier  General.  This  made 
Lieut.  Col,  Marshal]  our  Colonel,  and  the  other  officers  took  rank 
accordingly.  March  12.  Left  our.  camp  on  Potomac  Run,  and 
crossing  the  Rappahannock  at  Falmouth,  took  a  position  about  two 
miles  weal  of  Fredericksburg, 

Marcta  13. — A  detail  was  made  from  each  Texas  Regiment  of  one 
Lieutenant  and  fifteen  men,  who  were  ordered  to  return  to  the  vi- 
cinity of  Dumfries,  to  watch  vhe  movements  of  the  enemy.  They 
captured 'prisoners  daily,  and  on  the  L8th,  at  Glasscok's  Hill,  they 
saw  a  brigade  cross  the  Potomac,  pass  up  to  Dumfries,  back  to 
Ev  nsport,  and  recross  the  river.  On  the  next  day  they  captured 
a  Yankee  Chinaman,  who  being  committed  to  the  care  of  Barker, 
(of  Co.  Gj  4th  Texas.)  and  proving  a  little  stubborn,  that  practical 
frontiersman  quietly  placed  the  Celestial  across  his  lap,  and  with  his 
leathern  belt  administered  such  a  chastisement  as  that  "  ruthless 
invader  '  had  probably  not  received  since  childhood.  March  20. — 
McAnelly,  Norris,  Gee  and  Barker  visited  our  old  camp  and  brought 
away  a  considerable  quantity  of  baggage,  and  destoyed  most  of  the 
tents.  On  the  27th,  MeA  nelly  and  Barker  discovered  a  boat;  with 
what  they  thought  but  three  men,  land  at  Glasscock's  Hill.  Slip- 
ping up,  under  cover  of  a  fish-house  to  within  thirty  steps  of  tho 
river,  they  demanded  a  surrender.  Judge  of  their  surprise,  when 
il  o!  thret .  fifteen  men  made  their  appearance,  and  showed  a 
disposition" to  light.  This  was  what  "  Old  Abe"  would  call  a  "big 
job/'  and  so  thought  the  scouts;  but  it  was  too  late  "to  rue,"  and 
immediately  opened  the  fight  by  shooting  down  the  tw6  near- 
nd  hastily  repeating  the  lire,  the  Yankees  "took  watir"  and 
pushed  out  from  shore.  Before  getting  beyond  range,  however, 
mx  more  had  rolled  from  their  seats,  wounded  if  not  killed.  The 
crew  briskly  returned  the  lire,  but  the  scouts  with  commendable 
prudence,  kept  ih-  house  before  them)  and  the  minnies  whistled  harm* 
lessly.  Cn  the  2  I  April.  Barker,  Horn  and  Dickey,  having  dis- 
covered a  regiment  encamped  near  Evansport,  attempted  to  cutoff 
and  capture  four  of  their  guard,  lint  their  motions  were  discov- 
ered and  the  squad  broke  for  camps,  yelling  '■'■Rebels''''  at  every 
jump.  Two  of  the  scouts  fired,  wounding  one  Yankee,  and  Barker 
succeeded  in  capturing  the  Sergeant  in  charge,  but  that  official  show- 
ing a  disposition  to  be  troublesome,  Barker  shot  him  down  and  did 


27 

wl&the  could  for  "number  one."  On  the  3d,  Sickles'  Brigade 
landed  at  Glasscock's  Hill  and  Evansport,  and  moving  in  two  col- 
umns, met  at  Acquia  church,  the  head-quarters  of  the  Texans. — 
The  avowed  object  of -this  foray,  was  the  capture  of  these  same 
scouts;  but  old  rangers  were  not  to  be  caught  so  easily.  Dispatch- 
ing a  courier  to  Gen'l  Whiting,  they  quietly  retreated  before  the 
bafiUd  enemy,  and  taking  advantage  of  every  hill  to  pick  off  a 
stragglei ,  they  succeeded,  according  to  Gen'l  Sickles'  own  assertion, 
in  killing  and  wounding  eight  of  his  men.  Through  some  mishap, 
the  courier  'did  not  reach  head-quarters  until  after  dark.  The 
Texas  Brigade  was  immediately  ordered  to  meet  the  Yankees,  and 
moved  at  10  P.  M.  in  the  following  order.  5th,  4th  and  1st  Texas, 
and  18th  Georgia.  When  within  about  three  miles  of  Stafford  C 
II.,  Col.  Marshall  having  fallen  asleep  on  his  horse  while  the  men 
.were  resting  a  few  minutes,  the  5th  Keg't  moved  off  unawares,  and 
when  the  Colonel  was  roused  up,  was  out  of  sight.  Id  a  short  lis- 
tance  the  road  forked  and  we  took  the  wrong  direction,  and  did  not 
regain  the  right*road  until  daylight,  when  we  found  the  5th  Tt&as 
waiting  for  us.  Here  we  learned  that  Gen'l  Sickles,  after  pillag- 
ing most  of  the  houses  at  Stafford,  had  taken  the  alarm  and  left,  the 
Court-House  in  retreat,  just  one  hour  before  we  left  Fredericks- 
burg in  pursuit.  As  overtaking  them  was  impossible,  we  remained 
in  bivouac  until  the  following  morning,  when  we  returned  to  camps. 
On  the  Gth,  orders  were  issued  to  be  ready  to  move  in  an  hour,  and 
severe  punishment  threatened  all  ''stragglers"  and  "foragers'1 
while  on  the  march.  On  the  following  day,  at  noon,  we  started, 
the  weather  alternating  With  snow,  sleet  and  rain,  until  we  reached 
Mi  Hold's  Station.  General  Hood  pronounced  this  the  severest 
weather  he  had  ever  experienced  on  a  march.  Here  we  were 
placed  upon  the  cars,  and  arrived  at  A>hland  about  noon,  where  we' 
remained  for  two  or  three  days.  Leaving  here  we  took  the  road 
to  Yorktown,  where  we  arrived  in  tolerable  condition,  considering 
the  rain  and  mud  we  had  encountered.  Here  we  were  assigned 
the  position  of  '•  l>t  Brigade  of  the  1st  Division,  Reserve  Cor]  -  of 
tli"  Army  of  the"  Potomac,"  and  bivouacked  about  one  mile  in  rear 
of  the  line  of  defences,  on  the  ground  occupied  by  the  Rebel  Army 
of  the  first  revolution,  just  previous  to  the  memorable  battle  of 
Yorktown.      How   many   pleasing  recollections  crowd   upon   the 


28 

mind  of  each  soldier  as  he  walks  over  these  grounds,  or  sitting 
thoughtfully  by  his  faggots,  recalls  the  history  of  the  past,  andcom- 
pare>  it  with  the  scenes  of  the  present.  The  patriots  of  the  Revo- 
lution were  straggling  for  liberty,  and  so  are  we.  They  had  been 
oppressed  with,  burdensome  taxation — so  were  we.  They  remon- 
strated— so  did  we.  The}'  submitted  until  submission  ceased  to  be 
a  virtue — and  so  have  we.  They  appealed  to  Parliament,  butjvere 
unheard.  Our  Representatives  in  Congress  pointed  to  the  Mael- 
strom to  which  they  were  driving  the  ship,  but  they  refused  to 
see  it.  Our  fathers  asked  for  equality  of  rights  and  privileges,  but 
it  was  refused.  The  South  asked  that  their  claim  to  territory,  won 
by  the  common  blood  and  treasure  of  the*  country  be  recognized, 
and  that  our  domestic  institutions,  as  guaranteed  by  the  Constitu- 
tion, be  respected.  These  petitions  were  answered  by  professed 
ministers  (?)  of  the  Church  of  Jesus  Christ,  in  raising  contribu- 
tions from  the  sacred  pulpit,  on  the  holy  Sabbath,  of  Sharpe's  Ri- 
iles,  to  shed  Southern  blood  on  common  territory.  Their  Repre- 
sentatives declared  upon  the  floors  of  Congress  that  they  were  "  in 
favor  of  an  anti-slavery  Constitution,  an  anti -slavery  Bible,  and  an 
anti  slavery  God! !:'  What  was  now  left  us?  Naught  but  the  re- 
fuge our  fathers  ha  ' — the  God  of  Justice,  arfd  the  God  of  Battles. 
To  llim  have  we  appealed,  and  by  his  aid  and  our  good  right  arms, 
we  will  pass  through  the  ordeal  of  blood,  and  come  out  conquerors 
in  the  end.  But  toreturn.  The  spring  here  referred  to  is  about 
two  miles  above  the  old  city,  and  the  battle-ground  about  the  same 
•distance  below.  There  are  yet  histories  of  that  battle  to  be  found 
in  the  houses,  which  were  not  written  by  the  pen  of  the  scribe, 
but  with  iron  shot  from  British  cannon.  "Who  would  then  have 
believed  that  the  Stars  and  Stripes,  the  emblem  of  liberty,  would 
so  soon  become  the  ensign  of  oppression. 

During  our  stay  at  Vorktown,  details  were  made  daily  from  the 
Texas  Regiments  to  act  as  sharp-shooters  in  the  trenches.  Some 
of  their  skirmishes  were  brisk  and  interesting.  Previous  to  our 
arrival,  the  sharp-shooters  of  the  enemy  had  approached  to  within 
two  hundred  yards  of  our  fortifications,  and  from  tree  tops  and 
riile  pits  easily  picked  olF  every  man  wh  >  thoughtlessly  exposed 
his  head.  This  tlfey  c*buld  do  in  comparative  safety,  as  the  troops 
in  the  trenches  were  armed  with  smooth-bored  muskets.     The 


..29 

Texansj  however,  were  supplied  with  Minnie  and  Enfield  rifles,  and 
what  was  still  more  to  tbe  purpose,  knew  how  to  use  them.  Dur- 
ing the  first  day's  shooting,  several  Yankees  were  picked  out  of 
trees  and  holes,  evidently  very  much  to  their  surprise,  and  after 
that  confined  themselves  chiefly  to  their  fortifications.  The  sport 
then  consisted  principally  in  watching  for  each  others  heads  above 
the  breast-works,  and  woe  to  the  man  who  exposed  himself  for 
more  than  a  few  seconds.  On  one  occasion  a  Mexican,  becoming  in- 
terested in  some  object  outside  the  works,  incautiously  raised  bis- 
head  above  the  trenches,  when  crack  went  a  rifle,  and  a  minnie 
ball  ploughed  through  his  cheek.  Exasperated  by  so  severe  a  re- 
minder of  his  duty,  he  sprang  over  the  defences  and  in  full  view 
approached  within  a  hundred  yards  of  the  enemy's  lines,  and  dared 
any  and  all  to  come  out  like  men  and  fight  him.  This  they  de- 
clined to  do  and  commenced  firing;  but  either  he  bore»a  charmed 
life  or  their  nerves  were  unstrung,  for  not  a  ball  touched  him,  al- 
though he  walked  back  very  deliberately  and  climbed  inside  our 
work-.  In  these  little  affairs  two  Texan's  were  killed  and  several 
wounded,  all  owing  to  some  carelessness  or  bravado  of  their  own. 

^Vhile  here  the  horse  arrived  which  had  been  purchased  by  the 
privates  of  the  4th  Texas  as  a  present  to  General  Hood.  At  dress 
parade  on  the  2Gth  of  April,  1st  Sergeant  J.  M.  Bookman,  of  Co, 
G, .presented  him  in  the  following  words: 

"Sir:  Tn  behalf  of  the  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates 
pf-  the  4th  Texas  Regiment,  T  present  you  this  war-horse.  Tie  was  ' 
selected  and  purchased  by  us  for  this  purpose,  not  that  we  hoped 
by  so  doing  to  court  your  favor,  but  simply  because  we,  as  freemen 
and  Texans,  claim  the  ability  to  discern,  and  the  right  to  reward, 
merit  wherever  it  may  be  found.  In  -you,  sir,  we  recognize  the 
soldier  and  the  gentleman.  In  you  we  have  found  a  leader  whom 
we  are  proud  to  follow — a  commander  whom  it  is  a  pleasure  to 
obey  ;  and  this  horse  we  tender  as  a  slight  testimonial  of  our  ad- 
miration. Take  hjra,  and  when  the  hour  of  battle  comes,  when 
mighty  hosts  meet  in  the  struggle  of  death,  we  will,  as  did  the 
troops  of  old,  who  rallied  around  the  white  plume  of  Henry,  look 
'for  your  commanding  form  and  this  proud  Bleed  a^  our  guide,  and 
gathering  there  we  will  conquor  or  die.  Tn  a  word,  General,  'yon 
stand  by  us  and  we  will  stand  by  you.'" 


so 

Bood  here  advanced,  and  springing  into  the  saddle,  ad- 

dressed  the  Regiment  in  a  few  feeling  and  eloquent  words,  express* 

big  his  gratitude  at  this  mark   of  confidence,  and   promising   we 

should  no!  'ook  in  vain  for  a  rallying  point  when  the  struggle  came. 

Nothing  further  of  interest  occurred  until  the 

EVACUATION  OF  THE  PENINSULA. 

Tlji>  important  movent  »nt,  rendered  necessary  by  the  fact  that 
ire  were  confronted  by  a  superior  force,  and  flanked  both  right  and 

I  by  navigab'e  streams,  occupied  solely  by  the  enemy's  fleet,  was 
fixed  for  the  3d  of  May,  but  owing  to  the  mismanagement  of  some 
commander  along  the  lines,  was  delayed  until  the  following  morn- 
ing. It  might  then  have  been  accomplished  in  seerec}',  had  not  tho 
whiskey-drinking  propensities  of  some  of  our  cavalry  led  them  into 
a  trap  which  had  been  arranged  for  the  reception  of  the  Yankees, 
Secret  mines  had  been  placed  in  several  houses,  to  explode  on  en- 
trance,  [gnorant  of  this  fact,  our  enterprising  troopers  burst  open 
9  door,  and  though  unsuccessful  in  their  search  for  liquor,  came  oat 
of  the  house  considerably  "  olevated,"  though  without  any  serious 
results  to  themselves.  The  explosion  which  followed  started  other 
match <  i,  and  soon  it  seemed  as  thougu  a  fierce  battle  was  raging  in 
the  ancient  little  city,     Many  of  the  buildings  caught  fire,  and  just 

I  lie  grey  of  morning  began  to  tinge  the  eastern  sky,  a  lurid  glaro 
was  thrown  upon  the  surrounding  country,  which  gave  a  wild  and 
exaggerated  aspect  to  every  object  in  sight.  It  was  a  grand  spene. 
Our  army  had  already  passe  I  up  the  road  towards  Williamsburg, 
leaving  Whiting-'s  Division,  of  which  we  were  a  part,  as  the  rear 
guard.  We  remained  here  in  line  of  battle  until  sunrise,  when  wo 
took  up  the  line  of  march,  the  Texas  Brigade  i'»  the  rear  and  the 
4th  Texas  in  rear  of  that.  Why  our  men  were  so  often  used  as 
the  rear  guard,  not  only  to  the  army  corps,  to  which  they  belong, 
but  detailed  for  other  portions,  as  in  the  case  of  Hampton's  Legion 
in  evacuating  the  Potomac,  I  never  could  imagine,  unless  it  was  for 
their  superiority  in  woodcraft  and  skirmishing.  After  a  tiresome 
day's  march,  during  which  we  were  several  times  thrown  into  line 
of  battle,  we  reached  Williamsburg,  where  the  army  had  halted  at 
about  5  P.  M,j  and  passing  through,  bivouacked  about  t\\p  miles 
above  town.     Aboyt  an  hour  after  we  had  passed  through,  the  ad- 


*31 

Vance  guard  of  the  enemy  appeared,  and  after  exchanging  a  few 
artillery  compliments,  retired.  On  the  following  morning  a  field 
onset  was  made  and  continued  until  evening.  In  this  battle  the 
Federals  were  repulsed  with  a  heiv}'  loss,  amounting  in  killed, 
wounded  and  prisoners  to  about  5,000.  Our  loss  was  also  severe 
and  amount*  J  to  about  2-,500.  The  courage  and  endurance  of  our 
troops  were  fearfully  tried  in  this  engagement,  but  they  stood  the 
test  like  true  Sout'.irons  and  patriots,  battling  for  freedom.  On 
the  night  previous  to  tins  battle,  news  reached  our  Generals  that 
the  enemy  with  gun-boats  and  transports  was  pushing  up  York 
river.  It  was  now  evident  that  by  a  rapid  movement  on  our  rear 
they  expected  to  retard  our  progress  until  they  could  debark 
troops  at  Eltham's  Landing,  opposite  West  Point,  and  by  catting 

our  army  in  two,  at  least  capture  our  artillery  and  wagon  train. 

(In  at  energy  and  courage  were  now  required  to  save  the  retreat- 
ing army.  If  they  were  allowed  tinv  to  select  and  occupy  their 
positions,  serious  disaster  must  be  the  result.  This  enterprise  was 
committed  to  proper  hands.  At  11  o'clock  that  night,  General 
Whiting's  Division,  notwithstanding  their  hard  day's  march,  were 
called  up  and  put  in  motion.  Through  the  rain  and  mud  they 
marched  until  day,  and  on  until  night  again,  when  a  halt  was  or- 
dered, and  tired,  hungry  and  wet,  the  men  dropped  where  I  hey 
fctood  and  slept  in  spite  of  the  storm.  The  next  mornin"-  scouts 
were  thrown  out  to  feel  for  the  position  of  the  encmv,  and  the 
Command  was  allowed  a  (cw  hours  rest.  This  being  "ration  day  " 
and  the  commissary  "missing,"  the  men  were  informed  that  they 
could  go  across  the  road  to  a  corn -crib  and  lielp  themselves  to  some 
com  on  the  cob.  to  be  eaten  raw,  or  roasted  in  the  ashes  as  their  dif- 
ferent tastes  might  prompt.  All  were  hungry  enough  to  appreciate 
this  liberality,  and  such  corn-cracking  as  followed  has  seldom  been 
heard  outside  a  hog-pen,  and  a  hearty  laugh  went  round,  when 
some  wag,  seated  on  a  log,  called  imperiously  for," a  bundle  <>f  fod- 
der and  bucket  of  salt  and  water."  After  night,  two  men  of  the  5th 
Texas  got  separated  from  their  company,  which  was  out  on  picket 
duty,  and  while  searching  for  it  came  upon  a  squad  of  men  in  the 
woo  's,  just  as  the  order  "  Fall  in — company  "  was  delivered.  N>t 
being  ceremoniou-  they  obeyed  promptly  and  marched  off.  Judgfl 
of  their,  surpri-c  and  chagrin  when  they,  too  late,  discovered  that 


•  •-. 

l.ad  j  >ined  a  Yankee  company,  and  being  unable  to  "  surround 
it'*  a-  the  [cishman  diuVthe  Hessians,  they  quietly  surrendered 
their  arms,  and  acknowledged  themselves  "taken  in." 

!T1.K  OF  ELTHABTS  LANDING. 

The  command  was  put  in  motion  at  daylight  of  May  7th,  and 
about  7  o'clock  A.  M..  came  upon  a  picket  of  the  enemy,  who  fired 
■  ti.  Hood,  who  was  riding  at  the  head  of  the  4th 
is,  now  in  front.  Cue  shot  struck  Cofporal  Sapp,  of  Co.  II,  in 
tbe  bead,  inflicting  a  severe  but  not  dangerous  wound.  Private 
John  Deal,  of  Co.  A,  whose  gun  was  loaded,  immediately  fired 
upon  tbe  pickets  as  they  run.  and  struck  the  only  one  in  sight, 
killing  him  instantly.  Some  confusion  was  observed  at  first  in  con- 
sequence of  empty  guns,  and  Col.  Marshall's  order  to  "Fall  back 
into  the  woods  and  load  5"  but  Gen.  Hood  immediately  called  out 
to  the  men  to  "  move  up,"  which  they  did  at  double  quick,  and 
line  of  battle  was  immediately  formed  on  jthe  brow  of  a  hill.  Be- 
yond this  hill,  which  had^a  precipitous  descent,  W-ffS  an  open  field 
of  si  .  ht  hundred  yards   width.     On  the  oppisitc  side  were 

some  four  or  live  companies  of  the  enemy,  who  immediately  began 
falling  back  into  the  timber,  but  not  until  several  random  shots 
had  been  fired  by  our  men,  which  we  afterwards  discovered  had 
killed  five  and  wounded  as  many  more.  Company  E  (Capt.  Car- 
ter) was  then  ordered  by  Gen.  Hood  to  deploy  as  skirmishers  and 
"feel  the  enemy."  They  advanced  across  the  open  fiekl,  and  en- 
tering the  timber,  began  a  "  running  fight."  Co.  G  (Captain 
Ilutchcson)  was  then  ordered  forward  to  support  Co.  B,  if  neces- 
sary ;  if  not,  to  deploy  on  its  right — the  latter  course  was  adopted. 
Co.  K  (Capt.  Martin)  was  next  sent  to  support  Co.  I>,  and  Co.  E. 
(Captain  Ryon)  to  the  support  of  Co.  G.  After  retreating  about 
half  a  mile,  the  Yankees  made  a  stand  behind  an  old  mill-dam,  and 
a  spirited  engagement  ensued  between  them  and  Hie  right  platoon 
of  Co.  B,  under  Captain  Carter,  and  Co.  G.,  Capt.  Ilutcheson. — 
Co.  II  (Capt.  Porter)  now  arrived  upon  the  ground,  with  orders  "to 
support  the  left  platoon  of  Co.  B,  under  Lieut.  Walsh.  The  firing 
now  became  general,  and  the  enemy,  many  of  their  guns  missing 
fire,  threw  them  down  and  lied.  Wli'le  pursuing  them,  the  second 
platoon  of  Co.  B  came  upon  a  large  force,  (some  two  hundred,) 


33 

protected  by  a  heavy  palisade.  This  was  more  than  was  bargained 
for,  and  the  boys,  some  twenty-five  in  number,  immediately  "treed"- 
and  answered  their  volleys,  by  picking  off  every  one  who  showed 
his  head.  At  this  juncture  Gen.  Hood  appeared,  and  ordered  the 
Lieutenant  in  command  to  charge  the  works,  and  he  would  send 
support.  Just  as  the  command  "charge"  was  given,  and  the  boys 
with  a  yell,  bad  started  for  the  works,  the  first  platoon  of  Co.  B 
appeared  upon  the  left  flank  of  the  palisade,  and  the  Yankees  fled 
in  confusion,  leaving  seventeen  killed  and  several  wounded  in  the 
track  of  their  flight.  While  Co.  B  was  thus  engaged,  Co.  G  had 
also  had  its  share  of  "fun."  Discovering  a  company  of  about  eighty 
Yankees,  Capt.  Hutcheson  with  his  company  and  part  of  Co.  E, 
attacked  them  so  vigorously,  that  they  dared  not  run,  and  wcra 
so  unnerved,  that  they  fired  volley  after  volley  into -the  t#ec-tops. 
Capt.  Hutcheson,  who  was  a  Chesterfield  in  manner,  did  not  for  a 
moment  forget  himself  during  the  fight.  "Charge  them,  gentle- 
men, charge  them."  "Aim  low,  gentlemen,  aim  at  their  waist- 
bands," were  his  constant  exhortations,  until  a  portion  of  the  enemy 
cried  for  quarters.  "Throw  down  your  arms,  gentlemen,  you 
scoundrels,  throw  them  down."  Sixteen  obeyed  the  order,  and  the 
remainder  taking  advantage  of  the  momentary  cessation  of  hostili- 
ties, turned  and  fled.  Bewildered,  however,  they  took  the  wrong 
direction,  and  coming  upon  the  5th  Texas  where  it  was  lying  down 
in  line-of-battle,  they  were  greeted  by  a  vo]lc}r,  which  left  not  one 
standing.  The  fruits  of  Capt.  H's  victory,  were  eleven  killed,  sove- 
ral  wounded,  and  sixteen  prisoners,  together  with  several  stand  of 
arms.  While  these  events  were  transpiring,  the  1st,  5th,  and  re- 
mainder'of  the  4th  Texas  had  entered  the  timber,  leaving  the  18th 
Georgia  to  support  the  artillery  in  the  rear.  A  Yankee  regiment 
now  appeared  upon  the  left  and  rear  of  the  skirmishers,  with  the 
intention,  doubtless,  of  cutting  them  off.  Here  we  witnessed  for 
the  first  time, 

THE  GALLANTRY  OF  THE  FIRST  TEXAS. 

The  regiment  now  advancing,  1st  California,  evidently  intended 
to  fight  well,  and  advanced  steadily  to  within  eighty  paces  of  tho 
1st  Texas,  when  they  halted,  poured  in  a  volley,  and  with  three 
huzzahs,  attempted  to  charge.     This  was  expected,  and  "  aim  low,. 


34 

fire,"  was  ordered  by  Colonel  Rainy,  and  a  discharge  followed 
that  scorned  to  mow  down  the  whole  front  rank,  and  sent  the 
remainder  in  confusion  back  again.  A  whole-souled  hearty  yell 
now  went  up  from  the  'JVxans,  such  as  enly  Southerners  c$n 
give,  and  they  in  turn,  charged.  But  the  Californians  were  not  yet 
re:ily  to  yield,  and  rallying,  they  made  a  stubborn  resistance,  and 
for  about  twenty  minutes,  the  fire  raged  with  terrible  fury.  The 
is  charged  again,  and  the  enemy  broke  and  lied,  leaving 
about  two  hundred  killed  and  wounded  on  the  field,  and  several 
prisoner*  in  our  hands.  The  loss  of  the  1st  Texas  in  this  engage- 
ment, was  eleven  killed  and  twenty-one  wounded.  Among  the 
former,  however,  we  regret  to  chronicle  Lieutenant- Colonel  Black 
and  Captain  Decatur,  who  were  loved  and  mourned  by  all,  as  ITraYe 
men.  •    • 

After  the  rout  of  this  regiment,  the  enemy  did  not  again  attack 
us,  but  contented  themselves  with  shelling  us  from  their'gunboats 
and  sweeping  the  woods  with  grape,  from  a  battery  they  had  plant- 
ed upon  the  river  bank,  without,  however,  doing  us  the  slightest 
injury.  While  this  was  going  on,  the  boys  had  a  hearty  laugh  at 
the  conduct  of  an 

INDIAN  WARRIOR, 

who  was  attached  to  the  1st  Texas  Regiment.  During  the  entire 
battle,  with  musketry,  he  had  conducted  himself  in  the  most  gaL 
lant  manner,  and  had  even  succeeded  in  capturing  a  Yankee,  whom 
he  turned  over  to  the  proper  officer,  with  the  brief  announcement 
K  Major,  Yank  yours,  gun  mine,"  and  again  participated  in  the  strug- 
gle. When  the  first  shell  came  tearing  through  the  tree- tops,  with 
its  screaming  inquiry,  "  whore  you,  where  you,"  he  uttered  a  signifi- 
cant "  ugh  !"  and  listened  until  it  burst.  At  that  instant,  another 
came,  and  exploded  just  over  our  heads,  when  he  sprang  to  his  feet 
exclaiming,  "  no  good  for  Indian,"  and  made  for  the  rear  with  the 
agility  of  an  antelope.  The  boys  did  not,  however,  reproach  him 
because  it  has  long  been  understood  that  Indians  won't  stand  to  be 
shot  at  by  wagons,  more  particularly  when  the  projectile  itself 
shoots  so  terribly.  The  entire  loss  of  the  brigade  in  this  engage- 
ment was  thirty-seven.  Of  that  number,  Captain  Denny,  Commis- 
sary of  the  5th,  was  killed  by  a  picket,?and  two  men  captured,  as 


35 

previously  related.  Corporal  Sapp,  of  Co.  II,  and  private  Spencer^ 
of  Co.  G,  4th  Texas,  were  wounded,  all  the  other  casualitiea  were 
of  the  1st  Texas,  of  which  regiment,  we  cannot  speak  too  highly.-T- 
Theseare  the  men  who  came  from  their  distant  homes,  at  their  own 
expense,  before  the  President  had  called  upon  Texas  for  troops,  to 
assist  tn  this  great  struggle.  And,  though  their  names  have  not 
occupied  a  place  in  "the  journals  of  the  day,  they  have  ever  been  at 
their  posts,  ready  and  willing  to  do  and  die  for  our  common  cause. 
They  are  a  liiaely,  merry  set,  and  though  often  hungry  and  "  rag- 
ged," they  have  shown  in  numberless  instances,  that  they  can  march 
us  far,  and  fight  as  hard,  as  nny  troops  in  the  service. 

THE  ENEMY'S  LOSS 

in  this  engagement,  as  estimated  by  General  Hood  in  his  official  re- 
port, was  three  hundred  killed  and  wounded,  and  one  hundred  and 
twenty-six  prisoners.  McClellan's  estimate  is  even  greater,  as  he 
reported  a  loss  of  five  hundred  men  and  officers.  This  is  probably 
correct,  though  a  New  York  paper,  which  claims  that  the  troops 
participating  in  this  battle  were  chiefly  from  that  section,  viz:  Al- 
bany, states  the  entire  loss  at  twelve  hundred.  A  correspondent  of 
the  New  York  "  Herald,"  writing  from  West  Point  soon  after  the 
fight,  gravely  asserts  that  they  "  were  charged  furiously  by  four  regi- 
ments of  negroes !"  This  paragraph  caused  considerable  sport  among 
the  boys,  being  regarded  as  a  direct  reflection  upon  the  state  of  the 
brigade  toilet.  The  writer,  however,  was  in  probability,  more 
knave  than  fool,  for  just  at  that  period,  the  question  of  enlisting 
slaves  in  the  United  States  army  was  being  agitated,  and  such  an 
assertion  would  not  be  without  its  effect  on  the  unthinking  masses 
-of  the  North.  k 

THE  IMPORTANCE  OF  THIS  BATTLE, 

in  reference  to  which,  the  Richmond  papers  have  been  silent,  can- 
not be  better  illustrated  than  by  reference  to  the  language  of  some 
of  our  general  officers.  President  Davis,  in  conversation  with  one 
•of  our  Senators,  paid,  in  speaking  of  the  Texas  Brigade,  "  they 
.saved  the  rear  of  our  army,  and  the  whole  of  our  baggage  trail." 

General  Gustavus  W.  Smith,  in  a  letter  to  Colonel  Horace  Ran- 
dall, writes,  M  the  Texans  won  immortal  honor  for  themselves,  their 


56 

State,  and  for  their  commander,  General  Hood,  at  the  battle  of 
Eltham's  Landing,  near  West  Point.  With  forty  thousand  such 
men,  1  would  not  hesitate  to  invade  the  North-,  and  would  before 
winter,  make  them  sue  for  peace  upon  our  terms,  or  destroy  their 
whole  country.  But  In  praise  of  the  Texas  Brigade  of. my  Divi- 
>  n,  I  could  talk  a  week,  and  then  not  say  half  they  dese^re.  If 
the  regiments  now  organized  in  Texas,  could  be  transported  here, 
and  armed  to-morrow,  properly  led,  they  would  end  the  war  in 
three  months.  • 

General  Samuel  W.  Melton,  also  writes,  "  here  we  first  had  a  fair 
sample  of  your  Texans,  under  Hood.  Tney  are,  incomparably,  the 
best  lighters  in-  the  Confederacy  j  men  upon  whom  one  could  de- 
pend under  all  circumstances — who  seem  to  fight  for  the  very  love 
of  it.  *  *  *  Oh  !  that  we  had  more  of  them.  Forty  thousand 
such  men  could  march  through  Yankeedom  now,  from  one  end  to 
the  other,  and  conquer  a  peace  in  a  month.'' 

THE  BRIGADE  "  CUTS  DIRT,"  WHILE  THE 
YANKEES  DIG. 

The  fighting  ended  at  2  o'clock,  P.  M.,  and  the  enemy  showing 
no  disposition  to  leave  their  gunboats  again,  the  brigade  was  order- 
ed back  from  the  bottom,  leaving  only  a  sufficient  force  for  obser- 
vation. .  Returning  to  the  camp,  from  which  we  had  started  in  the 
morning,  we  remained  until  10  o'clock  at  night,  when  the  whole 
army,  baggage  and  all  having  passed  up  the  road,  we  again  assumed 
our  position  as  the  rear  guard.  Strict  silence  and  quick  time  being 
enjoined,  I  am  sure  no  troops  ever  marched  more  swiftly,  or  kept 
more  obstinate  silence  than  we  did  until  daylight.  How  ludicrous 
the  scene.  What  a  ljearty  laugh  a  man  could  have  had,  had  he 
been  in  a  position  to  observe  both  armies  that  night.  Ours,  mov-  . 
ing  swiftly  and  stealthily  along,  casting  many  and  anxious  glances 
to  the  rear,  fearing  to  discover  the  head  of  a  pursuing  cokimn — 
theirs,  digging,  toiling  and  sweating,  in  preparing  to  receive  the  fu- 
rious onslaught  which  they  knew  the  "rebels"  would  make  at  day- 
light. Then  to  have  watched  the  Yankees  in  the  morning,  feeling 
caustiously  through  the  woods,  listening  every  moment  for  tho 
dreaded  sound  of  the  guns  of  troops,  who  were  miles  on  their  way 


37 

to  Richmond,  and  still  going.  Late  in  the  afternoon  of  May  8th, 
the  brigade  was  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle,  in  the  lawn,  in  front  of 
Doctor  Tyler's  residence,  five  miles  west  of  New  Kent  Court 
House,  as  the  enemy  were  threatening  to  attack  us.  They  did  not, 
however,  come  up,  and  we  remained  here  until  the  following  eve- 
ning, when  we  moved  one  mile  up  the  road,  and  formed  a  new  line 
of  defence,  to  be  held  until  our  army  could  roach,  and  take  its  po- 
sition in  front  of  Richmond.     About  noon  on ,  we  decamped, 

and,  though  constantly  in  motion,  only  reached  the  Chickahominy, 
about  six  miles,  by  1  o'clock  at  night.  This  was  owing  to  the  fact, 
that  the  road  was"  blocked  up  by  the  rear  of  our  artillery  and  bag- 
gage. train,  and  not  daring  to  lie  down  or  rest,  we  could  only  "mark 
time  "  in  the  rain  and  mud  until  the  hour  above  mentioned,  when 
all  others  having  passed  over,  we  reached  the  bridge.  Here  we 
found  several  Generals,  with  their  attendant  aids  and  couriers,  all 
exhorting  us  to  "  close  up,"  and  for  God's  sake  to  hurry.  This  was 
more  easily  said,  thandone,  for  the  roads  had  been  cut  by  artiilery 
and  wagons,  until  a  perfect  mortar  had  been  formed  from  one  to 
three  feet  deep,  and  through  this  below,  and  a  heavy  soaking  rain 
above,  the  men  floundered  on.  At  length,  losing  all  patience,  Gen- 
eral Whiting  dashed  upon  the  bridge.  "  Hurry  up,  men,  hurry  up, 
don't  mind  a  little  mud."  ."  D'ye  call  this  a  little  mud  !  s'pose  you 
git  down  and  try  it,  stranger;  I'll  hold  your  horse."  "  Do  you 
know  whom  you  address,  sir  ?  I  am  General  Whiting."  "  Gene- 
ral   ,  don't  you  reckon  I  know  a  General  from  a  long-tounged 

courier  ?"  says  the  fellow,  as  he  disappeared  in  the  darkness.  This, 
repeated  with  sundry  variations  several  times,  at  length  discouraged 
th*e  General,  and  leaving  the  Texans,  whose  spirits  he  had  threat 
ened  to  subdue,  to  cross  as  best  they  might,  he  rode  away.  Finally 
all  were  safely  landed  on  this  side  the  Chickahominy,  and  without 
waiting" to  eat  or  build  fires,  the  men  threw  themselves  upon  the 
muddy  ground,  and  slept  soundly  until  morn'ng.  We  occupied  this 
point  until  evening,  and  then  moved  back  about  two  miles,  and  bi- 
vouacked until  the  command  was  relieved,  and  marching  to  the 
rear,  we  camped  at  "  Pine  Island,"  three  miles  east  of  the  city. — 
Nothing  of  interest  occurred  here.  The  men  gave  their  whole* 
attention  to  eating,  sleeping,  washing  bodies  and  clothes,  and  watch- 
ing the  recruits  who    had  recently  arrived,  attempting  "  bailee 


38 

and  left."  On  Sunday,  the  Chaplain  having  just  returned  from 
Texas,  where  he  had  gone  on  recruiting  service,  we  had  Divine  wor- 
ship, whicTi  was  remarkably  well  attended, 

•  PREPARATIONS  FOR  THE  MARCH— AGAIN. 

May  2Gth. — Orden  were  issued  to  send  off  surplus  baggage, 
which  always  accumalatea  with  amazing  facility  when  the  camp  is 
near  a  city  or  town.  On  the  following  evening  at  sunset  we  de- 
parted, and  marching  and  "  marking  time  "all  night,  we  accom- 
plished a  distance  of  seven  miks,  and  at  dawn  were  halted  one  mile 
this  side  Chickahominy,  on  the  Meadow  Bridge  road.  Here  we  re- 
mained until  the  following  day  concealed  in  the  woods,  and  then 
marched  back  and  camped  between  the  Mechanicsville  Turnpike 
and  Central  railroad.  On  the  next  evening  a  most  terrific  thunder- 
storm, accompanied  by  torrents  of  rain,  began  and  lasted  through 
the  night,  thoroughly  drenching  the  men.  One  man  in  the  4th 
Alabama  Regiment,  camped  near  us,  was  kHled  by  lightning,  and 
several  were  severely  shocked.  It  was  this  storm  which  filled  the 
Chickahominy,  and  suggested  to  General  Johnston  the  movements 
which  resulted  in  * 

THE  BATTLE  OF  SEVEN  PINES. 

At  six  o'clock,  May  31st,  orders  were  received  to- march  imme- 
diately, and  in  a  few  moments  we  were  moving  down  the  Nine- 
Mile  road.  Pursuing  this  road  until  within  a  mile  and  a  half  of 
the  enemy,  we  halted,  and  until  2  o'clock,  waited  for  the  signal  of 
battle,  which  was  to  be  the  roar  of  fire-arms  on  our  right.  It  sub- 
sequently appeared  that  General  Longstreet  had  begun  the  attack 
at,  or  near  9  o'clock,  A.  M.,  but  owing  to  some  atmostpherical  phe- 
nomenon, the  sound  of  battle  was  not  heard  until  five  hours  after, 
when  the  enemy  had  been  driven  from  his  position,  and  had  fallen 
back  near  the  York  River  railroad.  As  our  movements  were  de- 
pendent on  General  ljuger,  we  waited  until  4  o'clock,  when  despair- 
ing of  his  arrival,  the  Brigade  was  formed  in  line  of  battle,  with 
its  left  resting  on  the  road,  and  ordered  forward.  Follow  ing,  at 
'some  distance,  to  render  what  aid  I  could  to  any  who  might  be 
wounded.  I  soon  discovered  that  I  had  lost  my  Regiment  in  the 
swamps,  and,  as  I  could  be  of  but  little  use  alone  against  so  many, 


39 

I  immediately  determined  upon  a  "change  of  base,"  and  started  to 
the  rear.  The,  battle  had  now  become  terrible.  Regiment  after 
regiment,  and  brigade  after  brigade  were  thrown  against  their  bat- 
teries, which,  projected  front  and  flank  by  earth-works,  palisadM* 
fallen  timber  and  swamps,  were  almost  impregnable.  In  passing  to 
the  rear,  I  met  Generals  Lee  and  Johnston  and  President  Daivis, 
riding  at  speed,  and  going,  not  only  upon  the  field,  but  directly  un- 
der the  fire  of  the  enemy's  guns,  which  I  could  not  t>ut  regard  as 
imprudent,  knowing  how  much  depended  upon  their  safety.  Soon 
after,  General  Johnston  was  wounded.  In  storming  these  batte- 
ries, Whiting's  Brigade  suffered  severely,  and  the  name  of  the  4th 
Alabama  was  again  written*  in  letters  of  blood.  All  efforts  how- 
ever proved  unavailing,  and  finally  at  8^  o'clock,  P.  M.,  the  firing 
ceased,  and  the  weary  soldiers  slept  upon  their  arms.  At  daylight, 
June  1st,  the  engagement  was  renewed,  and  by  9  o'clock,  A.  M., 
had  become  almost  as  general  as  on  the  day  previous.  The  enemy 
having,  during  the  night,  strongly  reinforced,  were  endeavoring  to 
regain  their  lost  position,  but  were  repulsed  in  every  instance.  At 
10  o'clock  the  firing  ceased,  leaving  us  in  possession  of  all  their 
positions  and  batteries?,  except  one,  several  hundred  prisoners,  a 
large  quantity  of  camp  equipage,  small  arms,  ammunition,  &c. 

HOW  THE  REBELS  FIGHT. 

The  Cincinnati  "  Commercial "  publishes  an  extract  from  a  pri- 
vate letter,  written  by  a  member  of  Battery  A,  New  York  Artil- 
lery, in  Casey's  Division,  better  known  as  the  "  Napoleon  Battery/' 
in  which  the  unyielding  and  irresistable  prowess  of  our  troops  is 
described  as  something  wonderful.  If  the  writer  had  only  stood 
to  his  gun  a  little  longer,  he  would  have  learned  still  more  of  the 
fierce  and  dauntless  resolution  of  brave  men  fighting  for  liberty 
and  home.     He  is  speaking  of  the  battle  of  The  Seven  Pines: 

"  Our  spherical  case  shot  were  awful  missiles,  each  of  them  con- 
sisting of  a  clotted  mass  of  seventy-six  musket  balls,  with  achargo 
of  powder  in  the  centre,  that  is  fired  with  a  fuse,  the  same  as  a 
shell.  The  missile  first  acts  as  a  solid  shot,  ploughing  its  way 
through  masses  of  men,  and  then  exploding,  hurls  forward  a  shower 
of  musket  balls  that  mow  down   the  foe   in  heaps.     Our  battery 


40 

threw  tu  enty-fbnr  of  these  a  minute,  and  <i3  wo  had  the  exact 
range  of  every  part  of  the  field,  every  shot  told  with  frightful  ef- 
fect, Bui  the  enemy  were  not  at  all  daunted — they  marched  stead- 
ily on,  and  hailed  a  perfect  torrent  of  balls  upon.us.  Why  we,  •as 
well  as"  our  fa  ore  not  every  one  shot  down,  will  forever  re- 

main a  ni;  stery  to  me.  We  did  not  mind  the  leaden  hail,  however, 
but  kept  pouring  our  case-shot  into  the  dense  masses  of  the  foe, 
who  came  on  in  prodigious  and  overwhelming  force.  And  they 
fought  splendidly,  too.  Our  shot  tore  their  ranks  wide  open,  and 
■battered  them  asunder  in  a  manner  that  was  frightful  to  witness  ; 
but  they  closed  up  at  once,  and  came  on  as  steadily  as  Eng- 
i  lish  veterans.  When  thej-  gotwithin  four  hundred  yards,  we  closed 
our  case  shot  and  opened  on  them  with  canister;  and  such  des- 
truction I  never  elsewhere  witnessed.  At  each  discharge,  great 
gaps  were  made  in  their  ranks — indeed,  whole  companies  went 
down  before  that  murderous  fire;  but  they  closed  up  with  an  "order 
and  discipline  that  \vas  awe-inspiring.  They  seemed  to  be  animat- 
ed with  the  courage  of  despair,  blended  with  the  hope  of  a  speedy 
victory,  if  they  could  by  an  oyer  whelming  rush  drive  us  from  our 
position.  It  was  awful  to  see  their  ranks  torn  and  shattered  by 
every  discharge  of  canister  that  we  poured  right  into  their  faces, 
and  while  their  dead  and  dying  lay  in  piles,  closed  up  and  still  kept 
advancing  right  in  the  face  of  the  fire.  At  one  time,  three  lines, 
one  behind  the  other,  were  steadily  advancing,  and  three  of  their 
Hags  were  brought  in  range  of  one  of  our  guns,  shotted  with  can- 
ister. "iFire !"''  shouted  the  gunner,  and  down  went  those  three 
Hags,  and  a  gap  was  opened  through  those  three  lines  as  if  a  thun- 
derbolt had  torn  through  them,  and  the  dead  lay  in  swaths.  But 
they  at  once  closed  up,  and  came  steadily  on,  never  halting  or  wav- 
ering through  the  woods,  over  the  fence,  through  the  field, 
right  up  t<>  our  guns,  and,  sweeping  everything  before  them,  cap- 
tured every  piece.  When  we  delivered  our  last  fire,  they  were 
within  fifteen  or  twenty  paces 'of  us,  and,  as  all  of  our  horses  were 
either  killed  or  wounded,  we  could  not  carry  off  a  gun.  Our  whole 
division  was  cut  to  pieces,  with  what  loss  I  do  not  know.  We  fell 
back  to  a  second  line  of  entrenchmcrits,  and  there  held  the  enemy 
in  check  until  reinforcements  arriv.ed,  and  then  we  kept  our  posi- 
tion till  night  put  an  end  to  the  battle." 


41 

The  Texas  Brigade  was  not  directly  engaged  during. this  battle, 
although  under  fire  during  a  great  part  of  both  days.  MucTi  dis- 
satisfaction was  expressed  by  the  men  at  having  had  so  much 
"double  quicking"  through  stamps  and  fallen  timber,  and  no  op- 
portunity to  vent  their  wrath  upon  the  enem3r.  The  Confederate 
loss  in  this  battle  was  about  four  thousand  live  hundred  in  killed, 
wounded  and  missing.  The  enemy  subsequently  admitted  a  loss 
of  nearly  ten  thousand.  Aft^r  occupying  the  Held  until  the  even- 
ing of  June  2d,  our  forces  fell  back  to  their  old  line  of  defences, 
and  the  Yankees  re-occupied  their  old  ground.  This  afforded  a  fine 
scope  for  the  lying  talent  of  McClellan,  and  he  immediately  pub- 
lished a  flaming  report  of  a  three  day's  battle,  professing  to  have 
re-taken  on  the  third  day  all  he  had  previously  lost,  and  stating 
that  he  had  driven  our  routed  and1  panic-stricken  army  into  the 
very  lines  of  the  city ;  but  neglects  to  state  why  he  did  not  imme- 
diately perfect  his  "on  to  Richmond."  Of  this  tlllrd  daifs  battle 
our  army  was  entirely  ignorant  as  thei»e  were  no  guns  fired,  and  no 
"  brdliant  bayonet  charges  "#  made.  After  this  battle  the  Texas 
Brigade  was  thrown  to  the  front,  and  detailed  each  day  as  scouts, 
sharp-shooters  and  spies — two  hundred  men  and  the  requisite  num- 
ber of  officers.  These  men  operated  be}rond,  and  independently  of 
the  regular  pickets,  and  soon  became  a  terror  to  the  enemy.  On 
the  morning  of  the  7th,  a  party  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  Texans, 
under  command  of  Lieut.  Jamison,  of  the  1st  Texas,  Lieut.  Bar- 
ziza,  of  the  4th,  and  Lieut.  N^sh,  df  the  5th,  were  ordered  by  Gen. 
Hood  to  drive  in  the  enemy's  pickets,  and  ascertain,  as  far  as  prac- 
ticable, what  the  main  body  were  doing.  They  immediately  pro- 
ceeded to  carry  out  his  instructions,  and  attacked  the  Yankee  out- 
posts with  such  fury,  that  they  fled,  "pell  mell,"  running  over  in 
their  flight  a  Regiment  of  Infantry,  which  was  supporting  them. — 
The  regiment,  thinking  from  indications  which  they  saw,  that  at 
least  half  the  "  rebels"  were  coming,  also  took  to  their  heels,  and 
for'half  a  mile  made  regular  "  Bull  Run  time."  Having  at  length 
discovered  that  they  were  flying  from  a  mere  squad,  they  rallied, 
formed  and  opened  on  our  bo}*s  "with  a  will,  but  were  so  promptly 
answered  that  they  dared  not  advance.  Here,  securely  protected 
by  trees,  the  Texans  poured  an  effective  fire  into  their  dense  ranks, 
and  would  probably  have  given  them  another  chase,  had  they  not 


42 

discovered  a  Yankee  Regiment  moving  upon  their  left  flunk.  This 
stated  a  retrogade  movement,  which  they  promptly  executed, 
fighting  front  and  flank,  as  they  fell  back  to  the  cover  of  our  bat- 
Tlie  enemy  afterwards  confessed  a  loss  of  between  forty- 
five  and  fifty  in  thi<  skinni.-di,  while  ours  was  but  six,  in  killed  and 
wounded — none  missing.  So  successful  was  this  foray,  that  Gen'l 
Hood  issued  an  order  complimenting  the  men  and  officers.    Among 

our  killed   on  this  occasion   was  Mr* Davis,  an  amatner,  who 

was  widely  known  in  Eastern  Texas,  as  an  editor  of  ability  awl 
tnise.  His  fall  was  regretted  by  all  who  knew  him,  as  his  gal- 
lant conduct  in  the  field  and  social  qualities  in  camp  had  endeared 
him  to  all.  A  few  days  after  this  affair,  some  ot  our  scouts  pene- 
trated t  Lie  Yankee  lines,  by  "relieving"  one  of  their  pickets,  to  see 
what  tlicy  could  "pick  up."  Just  as  the  gray  of  dawn,  appeared, 
a  Yankee  Lieutenant  Colonel,  officer  of  the  day,  visiting  his  pick- 
ets, rode  up  to*  a  member  of  the  18th  Georgia,  who  prompt!}*  pre- 
sented for  his  inspection  the  muzzle  of  his  rifle,  and  at  the  simo  time 
enjoining  silence.     li  You  fool,"  exclaimed  the  indignant,  officer,  "  I 

am  Lieut.  Col. ,  of  the th  New  York  Regiment."  "Ah," 

Raid  Georgia.  "  Well  now.  Colonel,  that's  just  what  I  was  think- 
ing; and  as  it's  rainin'  a  little,  I  think  I'll  take  you  in  -out  of  the 
wet."  Let's  have  your  pistol  and  sword,  if  you  please."  No  al- 
ternative was  left  the  chagrined  "Yank,"  and  the  elated  Georgian 
marched  him  to  Gen.  Hood's  headquarters,  where  he  turned  hiui 
over,  and  received  his  fine  "C0I4"  for  his  trouble.  x 

110  !    FOR  STONEWALL  JACKSON. 

On  the  morning  of  June  11th,  orders  were  received  to  be  in  * 
readiness  to  move  at  5  P.  M.,  which  w.e  did,  passing  through  Rich- 
mond and  over  James  Liver  to  the  Danville  Depot,  where  we  re- 
mained until  8  A.  M.,  the  following  morning.  We  then  took  the 
cars,  and  in  twenty-four  hours  arrived  at  Lynchburg.  Here  We 
remained  until  the  15th,  when  we  were  moved  to  Charlottesville, 
and  thence,  on  the  18th,  to  Staunton.  On  the  10th,  marching  or- 
ders were  issued,  and  the  20th  we  started  back  towards  Charlottes- 
ville. "Where  are  we  going?"  now  became  the  popular  question; 
but,  alas  !  no  one  could  answer  it.  Some  'guessed"  to  the  Val- 
ley, some  to  Alexandria,  some  to  flank  McClellan,  &c. ;  but  no  one 


43 

knew.  That  all  possibility  of  our  plan  being  discovered  might  b» 
destroyed,  orders  were  issued  by  General  Jackson  that  if  any  one 
asked  a  question,  to  answer,  "  I  don't  know."  After  a  few  miles  of 
our  march  had  been  accomplished,  our  Brigade  was  halted,  and 
General  Hood  delivered  General  Jackson's  orders  to  us  verbally. 
'"Now,"  said  he,  "you  will  often  be  asked,  Where  are  you  going? 
Where  from  ?  Who  are  you  ?  ,&c. ;  and  you  must  answer,  '  I  don't 
know.'  In  fact,  you  need  not  give  a  direct  answer  to  any  one." — 
This  was  just  as  much  license  as  the  men  wanted,  and  they  forth- 
with knew  nothing  of  the  past,  present,  or  future.  On  the  follow- 
ing day  General  Jackson  noticed  a  "  straggler  "  making  for  a  cherry 
tree,  near  the  road.  Riding  up,  he  asked,  "  Where  are  you  going, 
sir  ?"  "  I  don't  know."  "  To  what  command  do  you  "belong?"  I 
don't  know."  "  Well,  what  State  are  you  from  ?"  "  I  don't  know." 
The  General  was  evidently  fast  losing  patience,  when  another 
"straggler"  explained  the  matter.  "Old  Stonewall  and  General 
Hood  issued  orders  yesterday  that  we  were  n/>t  to  know  anything 
until  after  the  next  fight,  and  we  are  riot  going  to  disobey  orders." 
The  General  said  no  more,  but  rode  on  in  silence,  reflecting,  no 
doubt,  upon  the  perversity  of  human  nature  in  general,  and  soldiers 
in  particular,  thinking  it  unnecessary  to  ask  tire  soldier  if  he  knew 
the  way  to  the  cherry  tree.  As  we  neared  Gordonsville,  the  pro- 
blem of  our  destination  grew  intensely  interesting.  Would  we 
turn  to  the  left  or  the  right — move  on  Washington  or  Richmond,. 
Soon  the  enigma,  which  had  roused  up  many  a  drowsy  brain,  was 
'solved.  The  head  of  the  iron-horse  turned  towards  the  South.  The 
Chickahominy  was  the  theatre  of  action.  Leaving  the  railroad  at 
Frederick  Hall,  we  moved  in  as  many  columns  as  tl  ere  were  roads 
towards  Ashland,  and  for  the  want  of  roads  we  sometimes  marched 
through  fields  and  woods,  where  we  arrived  on  the  evening  of  the 
25th,  and  drove  in  the  Yankee  pickets.  Orders  were  received  that 
night  to  move  at  3  A.  M.,  which  we  did,  taking  the  Hanover  road. 
During  the  morning,  the  sound  of  cannon  c<  uld  be  distinctly  heard, 
and  each  discharge  quickened  the  step  of  our  men.  Sharp-shoot- 
ers and  skirmishers  were  in  advance,  and  occasionally  the  clear 
crack  of  a  rifle  announced  that  some  '  Bucktail  "*  had  received  his 
quietus,  or  saved  himself  by  flight.  At  3  P.  M.,  we  reached  a  t-mall 
*  Name  of  a  rennBylvania  Brigade. 


44 

creek,  on  the  opposite  side  of  which  our  scouts  reported  two  Regi- 

ded.  The  bridge,  a  wooden  structure,  was  burning # 
when  we  arrived,  and  the  sound  of  axes  could  be  plainly  heard  in 
the  timber  ahead,  win  re  the  enemy  were  obstructing  the  road. — 
Riley's  Battery  was  immediately  thrown  forward  and  shelled  the 
timber,  forcing  the  Yankees  to  save  themselves  by  a  precipitate- 
flight,  1<  on  the  ground  and'sticking  in  the 

trees  they  had  been  chopping.  Just  then  an  amusing  scence  took 
place.  A  number  of  darkies,  who  understand  the  use  of  the  hoe 
better  than  the  fire-lock,  were  at  work  in  the  field  a  little  to  our 
rear.  When  the  first  shot  was  fired  from  the  "big  gun,"  they  let 
all  holts  loose  and  started  for  the  house,  which  was  still  further  to 
the  rear,  screaming  and  running  for  dear  life,  as  if  they  thought  the 
old-boy  was  after  them.  And  from  our  position,  it  was  hard  to 
tell  which  made  the  better  time,  they  or  the  Yankees.  Having  at 
length  rebuilt  the  bridge  and  crossed  the  artillery,  we  proceeded 
cautiously  for  some  ^wo  or  three  miles,  and  halted  for  the  night  in 
line  -of  battle. 

DESCRIPTION  OF  THE  FIELD,  AND. PLAN  OF  ATTACK. 

Before  proceeding  with,  the  important  events  now  ready  for  de- 
velopment, which  are  to  change  the  entire  aspect  of  the  campaign, 
and  send  the  "  Young  Napoleon  "  howling  back  to  his  patron,  it 
becomes  necessary  to  give  the  reader  some  idea  of  the  position  of 
the  two  opposing  armies.  That,  all  may  readily  understand  this,  I 
transcribe  from  "The  Seven  Days  Battles  around  Richmond,"  the 
following  simple  explanation:  "Place  your  hand  upon  the  table 
with  the  index  finger  pointing  a  little  north  of  east.  Spread  your 
fingers  so  that  the  tips  will  form  the  arc  of  a  circle.  Imagine  Rich- 
mond as  situated  on  your  wrist  ;  the  outer  edge  of  your  thumb  as 
the  Central  Railroad,  the  inner  edge  as  the  Mcchanicsville  Turn- 
pike, fijst  B  the  Nine  Mile  or  New  Bridge  road,  the  second 
as.  the  Williamsburg  Pike,  running  nearly  parallel  with  the  York 
River  railroad — the  railroad  running  between  the  two  fingers.  The 
third  as  the  Charles  City  Turnpike,  (which  runs  to  the  southward 
of  the  White  Oak  Swamp,)  and  the  fourth  as  the  Darbytown  road. 
The  radius  of  this  arc  averaging  about  seven  miles  to  Richmond. — 
Commanding  these  several  avenues  were  the  forces  of  McClellan. 


45 

Oar  own  troops,  except  those  under  Jacksonr  occupied  a  similar 
position,  but  of  course  a  smaller  circle  immediately  around  the 
city  ;  the  heaviest  body  being-  on  the  centre,  south  of  the  York 
River  railroad. 

BATTLE  OF  MECHANICS VILLE,  THURSDAY,  JUNE  27th. 

The  morning  dawned  bright  and  beautiful.  All  arrangementa 
being  completed,  Jackson's  forces  moved  down  between  the  Chick- 
ahominy.and  Pamunkey,  driving  the  enemy  be£>re  them,  until  the 
front  of  General  Branch  was  so  far  uncovered  as  to  allow  him  to 
cross  at  Brooke  Turnpike,  and  marching  down  the  north  side  of 
the  stream,  uncovering  the  front  of  Gcn'l  A.  P.  Hill,  as  he  attacked 
the  enemy  at  Mechanicsville.  This  division  crossed  at  the  Meadow 
Bridge  about  4  P.  M.,  and  uniting  with  the  command  of  General 
Branch,  immediately  attacked  the  enemy  and  drove  them  from 
their  strong  positions.  Here  they  had  erected  formidable  earth- 
work?, and  mounted  upon  them  were  hearvy  siege  guns,  and  the 
storming  of  these  defences  is  justly  reckoned  among  the  most  gal- 
lant and  bloody  scenes  of  the  campaign.  The  indomitable  valor  of 
our  troops  soon  sent  the  Yankees  flying,  and  mounting  their  works, 
the  Confederates  turned  their  own  guns'  upon  them  with  terrible 
effect.  The  loss  on  both  sides  was  heavy,  but  when  we  view  the 
nature  of  the  struggle,  it  is  a  matter  of  wonder  how  any  of  out 
troops  escaped  destruction.  About  a  mile  farther  down  was  another 
formidable  battery  of  sixteen  guns,  supported  by  heavy  bodies  cf 
infantry,  who  were  protected  by  rifle  pits,  abattis,  and  the  bed  of 
Beaver  Dam  Creek,  which  passed  in  front  and  to  their  left  flank. — 
This  position  was  attacked  with  a  furious  onset.  The  charge  WH 
made  on  the  rifle  pits,  but  the  creek  and  abattis  which  still  inter- 
vened rendered  the  capture  impracticable.  At  this  juncture  ths 
batteries  took  a  commanding  position,  and  over  the  heads  cf  our 
troops  poured  into  the  infantry  such  a  storm  of  shot  and  sLell  as 
almost  to  silence  their  fire,  and  to  entirely  distract  the  attention 
of  their  battery  from  our  infantry.  No  further  advance  was,  how- 
ever, attempted  that  night,  and,  at  10  o'clock,  P.  M.,  both  batteries 
ceased  filing.  Soon  afterwards  the  enemy  abandoned  his  position, 
leaving  some  of  his  disabled  guns  upon  the  field.    During  the  night, 


46 

QeneraJ  Longstreet  crossed  the  Chickaliominy,  and  formed  a  junc- 
tion with  the  two  Generals  Hill. 

OUR  LINK  OF  BATTLE  ON  FRIDAY  MORNING 

wn-  fully  completed,  and  extended  for  miles  over  hills  and  plains,, 
tUeys,  the  different  commands  taking  positions  as  fol- 
low-: Jackson  on  the  extreme  left,  next  D.  II.  HiH,  then  Ewcll, 
Whiting  and  A.  I*.  Hill,  while  Longstreet  moved  down,  with  his 
resting  upon  the  swamps  of  the  Chickahominy.  Early  in  the 
afternoon,  a  scattering  fire  of  skirmishers  was  heard  on  the  right. 
About  2  P.  M.  several  of  our  batteries  were  placed  in  position,  ancl 
opened  with  a  view  to  attract  attention  frou.  Longstreet  and  A.  P% 
Hill  on  the  right;  but  thejr  were  soon  overpowered  and  driven 
from  the  field.  It  was  now  discovered  that  McClellan  had  made  a 
strong  stand  on   Gaines'  Farm,  and  was  determined  to  hold  it,  if' 

'■>.  His  position  was  an  awkward  one.  The  left  wing  front- 
in-  Richmond  westward,  and  his -right  at  angles,  and  to  the  rear, 
facing  north. 

THE  BATTLE  OF  GAINES'  FARM, FRIDAY,  JUNE  27th. 

At  4  o'clock,  P.  ^[.,  Longstreet  commenced  the  fight,  driving  the 
enemy  down  the  Chickaliominy.  This  was  the  signal  for  a  general 
assault,  and  in  quick  succession  Hill,  Whiting  and  Ewell  took  up 
the  fire,-  and  the  work  of  death  begun.  This  part  of  the  day's 
work  is  correctly  given  in  the  "  Whig"  of  the  30th,  as  follows: 

"Gen'l  A.  P.  Hill's  Division,  supported  by  Gen'l 'Picketts  Bri- 
gade from  Longstnet's  Division,  made  the  iirst  assault  upon  the 
enemy's  works,  which  were  of  the  most  formidable  character,  and 
ngly  impregnable.  Brigade  after  brigade  advanced  upon  the 
fortification,  and  delivered  their  fire,  but  yvere  compelled  to  fall 
back  under  the  tcrrilh-  fire  of  the  Yankees,  who  were  comparative- 
cure  from  dangei  behind  their  works,  and  poured  volley  after 
volley  into  our  brave  troops.  Alter  the  fight  had  been  prolonged 
for  several  hours,  without  result,  Gen'l  Whiting's  Division,  now  of 
Jackson  corpse  cVarmee,  advanced  to  the  assault,  and  after  a  desper- 
ate charge,  succeeded  in  dislodging  the  Yankees.  As  they  fled 
from   their  works,  they  had  to  pass  through  an  open  field,  about 


47 

two  hundred  yards  in  width,  before  reaching  the  woods.  Several 
of  our  regiments  fired  at  the  fugitives  and  killed  a  very  large  num- 
ber of  them.  The  field  was  nearly  covered  with  the  dead  and 
wounded  Yankees.  The  regiments  composing  Whiting's  Division 
are  the  4th  Alabama,  11th  Mississippi,  Gth  North  Caiolina,  2d  Mis- 
sissippi, 1st,  4th  and  5th  Texas,  18th  Georgia,  and  Hampton's  Le- 
gion. It  was  now  nearly  dark,  and  though  the  pursuit  was  con- 
tinued for  some  time,  it  was  deemed  inexpedient  to  follow  tho 
wretches  through  the  swamp,  to  which  they  iled,  and,  accordingly, 
our  men  were  recalled." 

In  the  "Examiner "  of  July  2d,  appears  the  following  article, 
which,  in  view  of  the  many  roperts  in  circulation,  I  insert  as  an 
act  of  justice  to  those  noble  men  who  contributed  so  largely  to  tho 
Buccess.of  that  memorable  day. 

THE  FIGHT  AT  GAINES'  FARM—AN  OFFICER'S 
STATEMENT. 

There  have  been  many  confused  and  contradictory  statements  of 
the  forces  engaged  in  the  attacks  of  the  enemy's  works  near  Gained 
Farm  on  last  Friday.  We  have  received  the  following  statement 
from  an  officer  on  the  subject  of  this  doubt : 

"  At  about  two  o'clock  on  Friday  evening  last,  I  reached  the  lines 
of  the  enemy's  entrenchments  near  Gaines'  farm.  A  fierce  strug- 
gle was  then  going  on  between  A.  P.  Hill's  Division  and  the  garri- 
Bon  of  the  line  of  defence.  Repeated  charges  were  made  by  Hill's 
troops,  but  the  formidable  character  of  the  works,  and  murderous 
volleys  of  grape  and  canister  from  the  artillery  covering  them,  kept 
our  troops  in  check. 

'•  It  wascibout  half-past  lour  o'clock  when  Pickett's  Brigade  came 
•to  Hill's  support.  Pickett's  Regiments  fought  with  the  most  de- 
termined valor.  At  five  o'clock  Whiting's  Division,  composed  of 
the  '  Old  Third'  and  Texas  Brigades,  advanced  at  a  'double-quick,' 
charged  th«m,  routed  them,  and  captured  their  artillery. 

"The  struggle  was  brief,  but,  perhaps,  the  most  bitter  of  the 
war.  Fully  one-fuurlh  of  the  entire  division  were  cut  down  in  thia 
gallant  charge. 

u  The  brave  Texans  were  led  by  Brigadier  General  Hood,  and  the 


48 

'  Old  Third  Brigade'  by  the  dasliing  Colonel  Law,  late  commander, 
of  the  Fourth  Alabama. 

"  The  works  carried  by  these  noble  troops  would  have  been  in- 
vincible to  the  bayonet  had  they  been  garrisoned  by  men. 

"  Whiting's  Division  is  composed  of  Hood's  Brigade — First, 
Fourth  and  Fifth  Texas,  and  Hampton  Legion  and  Eighteenth 
Georgia,  and  Colonel  Law's  Brigade — Fourth  Alabama,  Second  and 
Eleventh  Mississippi,  and  Sixth  North  Carolina. 

"I  mention  these  Regiments  because  their  nanles  will  be  his- 
torical." 

That  the  reader  may  have  an  idea  of  the  manner  in  which  each 
Regiment  of  Whiting's  Division  acted,  I  transfer  from  the  "  Wnig" 
a  letter  written  by  Wait-zee,  which,  in  its  more  prominent  facts,  ia 
strictly  correct : 

Battle  Field,  near  Chickahomint,      > 

June  28th,  1862.  $ 

To  the  Editor  of  the  Whig  :' 

^  .  7f-  5^c  yp  yf.  yf.  yfc  ^C 

It  was  early  in  the  evening  when  your  correspondent  reached  the 
cnemyTs  main  line  of  defence.  Their  position  skirted  a  strip  of 
dense  woods,  while  to  their  front  extended  a  vast  undulating  plain, 
ploughed  up,  here  and  there,  with  deep  gullies  and  wood-girt  water 
courses.  That  they  were  entrenched  we  knew,  but  of  the  nature 
of  their  works,  owing  to  the  deep  foliage  that  screened  them  from 
view,  we  laiew  but  little.  It  was  absolutely  necessary,  however, 
that  we  should  carry  their  line,  and  to  do  this,  regiment  after  regi- 
ment, and  brigade  after  brigade,  were  successively  led  forward; 
still  our  repeated  charges,  gallant  and  dashing  though  they  were, 
failed  to  accomplish  the  end,  and  our  troops,  still  fighting,  fell 
steadily  back. 

Thus,  for  more  than  two  mortal  hours,  the  momentous  issue  stood 
trembling  in  the  balance.  The  sun  was  getting  far  in  the  west — 
darkness  would  soon  be  upon  us,  and  that  point  must  be  carried. 

At  this  juncture — it  was  now  5  o'clock — the  divivion  of  the  gal- 
lant Whiting  hove  in  sight.  This  division  is  composed  of  thebfave 
Texan  Brigade,  under  Hood,  and  the  old  Third  Brigade,  command- 
ed by  the  dashing  Law,  of  Manassas"  memories. 

On  reaching  the  field  these  troops  were  rapidly  deployed  in  line 


49 

of  battle,  when  Colonel '  Law  detached  Colonel  Stone's  regiment 
the  2d  Mississippi,  and  sent  it  some  distance  to  the  right,  where 
it  successfully  resisted,  with  heavy  loss,  a  flank  attack  from  the 
enemy.  The  6th  North  Carolina,  (Major  Webb)  be  held  in  reserve: 
then  taking  the  4th  Alabama  (Colonel  McLemore)  and  11th  Mis- 
sissippi (Colonel  Liddell)  he  led  a  dashing  charge  upon  the  enemy's 
entrenched  position. 

This  charge  was  made  under  the  most  galling  fire  that  I  ever 
witnessed — shot  and  shell,  grape,  canister  and  ball,  s*vept  through 
our  lines  like  a  storm  of  leaden  hail,  and  our  noble  boys  fell  thick 
and  fast;  yet,  still,  with  the  irresistible  determination  of  men  who 
fight  for  all  that  men  hold  dear,  our  gallant  boys  rushed  on. 

Suddenly,  a  halt  was  made — there,  was  a  deep  pause,  and  the 
line  wavered  from  right  to  left.  We  now  saw  the  character  of  the 
enemy's  works.  A  ravine,  deep  and  wide,  yawned  before  us,  whik) 
on  the  other  side,  at  the  crest  of  the  almost  perpendicular  bank,  a 
breastwork  of*  logs  was  erected,  from  behind  which  the  dastard  in- 
•  vaders  were  pouring  murderous  volleys  upon  our  troops. 

This  position  was,  perhaps,  the  most  formidable  of  the  kind  that 
was  ever  built.  Scaling  ladders  and  boarding  pikes  would  have 
been  far  better  adapted  to  its  reduction  than  bayonets,  and  had  the 
wretched  Hessians,  who  garrisoned  it,  done  half  their  "  duty,'' 
they  might  have  held  it  until  doomsday. 

The  pause  made  by  our  troops,  however,  was  but  a  brief  breath- 
ing space.  The  voice  of  Colonel  Law  was  heard — "  Forward,  boys  i 
Charge  them  !"  and  with  a  wild,  mad  shout,  our  impetuous  soldiery 
dashed  forward,  flinging  themselves  into  the  trench,  strugglng  up 
the  precipitate  bank,  climbing  over  the  breatworks,  and  driving  the 
frying  foe  tei  ror-  stricken  before  them. 

In  this  charge,  the  6th  North  Carolina  came  up,  and  it,' uniting 
with  Law's  other  regiments,  formed  a  junction  with  the  18th  Geor- 
gia and  4th  Texas,  of  Hood's  Brigade.  These  five  regiments  then 
made  a  brilliant  charge  on  the  plain  beyond  the  works,  capturing 
•  two  batteries,  and  turning  some  of  the  guns  on  the  enemy  before 
he  could  make  good  his  escape. 

The  rout  was  absolute,  but  night  coming  on  deprived  us  of  most 
♦f  the  fruits  o    the  victory. 

A  little  after  dusk  some  apprehensions  were  entertained  lest  the 


50 

enemy  should  make  a  night  attack  and  attempt  to  retake  the  bat- 
teries we  had  captured,  but  to  meet  this  emergency,  General  An- 
derson, at  the  united  request  of  Colonel  Law  and  Colonel  Jenkins; 
gave  permission  to  Colonel  Law  to  detach  Jenkin's  regiment,  which 
he  joined  with  one  of  his' own,  and  successfully  repulsed  a  flank  as- 
sault.    All  the  artillery  we  took  is  secured. 

General  Whiting  has  won  imperishable  fame — wherever  the  fight 
raged  fietcest  there  was  he,  urging  his  gallant  troops  to  victory. 

All  is  quiet  now.  There  is  no  demoralization  among  our  men. — 
We  are  ready  to  renew  the  conflict  at  any  moment." 

They  "  paused  and  wavered  "  long  enough  for  the  4th  Texas  to 
pass  them.  And  but  a  few  men  of  the  11th  Mississiopi,  were  all 
of  the  3d  Brigade,  who  were  with  the  4th  Texas  and  18th  Georgia 
when  they  took  the  last  battery. 

The  following  letter  from  "  CMckahomAnie"  is  introduced  as  an 

act  of  justice  to  the  18th  Georgia,  (better  known  in  the  brigade  as 

the  "  3rd  Ttxas")  as  gallant  a  regiment  as  ever  fought  beneath  a 

Confederate  flag : 

THE  EIGHTEENTH  GEORGIA  REGIMENT. 

Camp  18th  Georgia  Regiment,  Hood's  Brigade,    } 
Twenty-five  Miles  from  Richmond.  <j> 

To  the  Editor  of  the  Whig  : — For  the  Gratification  of  the 
relatives  and  friends  of  the  members  of  this  regiment,  I  desire  to 
give  a  brief  account  of  the  particular  part  enacted  by  them  on  Fri- 
day, 27th  June,  in  the  engagement  at  Coal  Harbor  or  Gained 
Mill.  Having  been  with  them  through  the  whole  action,  and  taken 
part  in  them,  your  correspondent  had  perhaps  a  better  opportunity 
than  any  one  else  of  knowing  exactly  jvhat  they  did.  It  will  be 
remembered  that  the  fight  began  early  in  the  afternoon  and  was 
raging  with  great  fury  while  Hood's  Brigade  was  yet  a  considerable 
distance  from  the  scene.  Marching  rapidly'through  the  woods  and 
fields,  apparently  with-  a  view  to  turn  the  enemy's  extreme  right. 
The  Vvhole  brigade  was  halted  about  4  o'clock  and  formed  in  line  of 
battle  in  the  following  order,  18th  Georgia,  1st  Texas,  4th  Texas', 
5th  Texas.  The  position  of  the  4th  Texas  was  subsequently 
©•hanged  to  the  right  of  the  18th,  in  this  order  the  brigade  advanced 
through  the  woods,  which  being  so  very  thick  we  soon  lost  sight  of 
all  except  our  own  regiment.     Advancing   across  a   deep  muddy 


51 

swamp,  and  up  a  steep  ascent,  they  were  placed  in  position  to  sap 
port  a  battery  and  ordered  to  lay  down.  Here  they  were  just  in 
range  of  a  heavy  battery  of  the  enemy,  and  the  missels  fell  so  thi«k 
that  our  battery  soon  became  disabled  and'  had  to  withdraw.  An- 
other came  up  but  was  also  compelled  to  retire  atter  a  few  rounds. 
After  which,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  change  position,  moving 
by  the  right  flank  at  double  quick.  They  remainded  behind  tins 
battery  about  thirty  minutes  and  lost  some  twenty  or  thirty  men 
killed  and  wounded.  After  marching  by  the  flank  for  attfcut  a  half 
mile,  they  were  halted  in  an  open  space  to  the  right  of  a  piece  of 
woods  and  in  rear  of  an  apple  orchard  and  formed  in  line  of  battle. 
Then  advancing  under  a  shower  of  shot  and  shell  down  a  long  slope 
which  was  completely  commanded  by  a  body  of  the  enemy's  infan- 
try on  their  left,  posted  on  a  wooded  eminence  on  the  opposite  side 
of  the  ravine  at  the  foot  of  the  slope.  Here  we  lost  many  more 
men  but  passed  on  without  returning  the  fire  of  the  enemy  poured 
into  our  ranks,  and  crossing  the  ravine  at  the  point  where  the  4th 
Texas  had  so  gallantly  driven  the  enemy  back,  advanced  up  the 
steep  hill  on  the  opposite  side,  and  here,  for  the  first  time,  obtained 
a  view  of  the  terrible  work  that  then  remained  for  them  to  do. — - 
Several  regiments  claim  to  have  taken  batteries,  an!  no  doubt  just- 
ly htoo,  for  there  was  enough  for  all  to  have  a  showing.  Several 
had  been  taken  up  to  the  moment  the  18th  reached  the  crest  of  the 
hill,  but  the  main  battery  on  the  hill  in  the  field,  said  to  be  the 
Hoboken  Battery  of  fourteen  splendid  brass  pieces,  which  wa«? 
filling  the  air  with  its  deadly  missiles,  and  dealing  destruction  all 
around,  whose  position  is  said  to  have  been  choosen  by  McCleJ- 
lan  himself,  and  whose  guns,  according  to  the  account  of  numerous 
prisoners  and  wounded  men.  had  been  directed  by  him,  wa* 
still  playing  with  terrible  effect.  It  was  supported  by  a  large  body 
of  infantry  in  the  rear,  and  a  detachment  of  the  2nd  Regular  Cav- 
alry on  the  left,  besides  the  approach  to  it  was  completely  com- 
manded by  two  other  batteries.  So  admirable  was  this  disposition 
of  the  forces  and  the  natural  conformation  of*  the  ground,  that  Mc- 
Clellan  is  said  to  have  assured  his  men  that  it  was  impregnable. — 
In  front  of  the  18th,  at  the  moment  it  came  in  sight  of  the  batte- 
ry, lay  a  long  sloping  hill,  at  the  foot  of  which,  some  three  hundred 
yards  distant,  was  a  deep,  and  in  some  places,  an  impassable  ditch, 


52 

then  a  quick  rise,  that  afforded  some  protection  from  the  guns 
above.  Preceding  regiments  hud  done  their  work  well,  and  gal- 
lantly had  they  driven  the  enemy  from  some  of  its  strongest  works 
and  taken  several  batteries.  Some  had  even  advanced  on^t.his  bat- 
tery, but  found  their  forces  so  much  scattered,  after  crossing  the 
ditch,  that  they  became  powerless,  and  could  do  little  else  than 
seek  protection  under  the  crest  of  the  hill  from  the  guns  above. — 
Down  this  first  elope  the  18th  advanced  in  splendid  order,  at  dou- 
ble quick,  under  a  cro- 8  lire  from  two  batteries  on  the  right  and 
left  and  a  terrible  direct  fire  from  the  battery  in  front.  Shot  after 
shot  tore  through  the  ranks,  leaving  wide  gaps,- which  were  quick- 
ly closed  up;  the  clear,  shrill  voices  of  Major  Griffis  and  Adjutant 
Patton  could  be  distinctly  heard  amid  the  bursting  of  shells  and 
whistling  of  shots,  cooldly  commanding,  "  close  upj"  "  Dress  to  the 
right  "  or  "  left,"  while  every  other  officer  exerted  himself  to  pre- 
serve the  line  unbroken.  Dead  and  wounded  men  fell  on  every 
fcide.  while  the  living  pushed  on  to  the  work  before  them.  Here 
Lieutenant  L.  A.  McCullock,  of  Co.  C,  Jackson  County  Volunteers, 
fell  terribly  mangled  with  a  shell.  Lieutenant  Sillman,  who  suc- 
ceeded him  in  command  of  the  company,  was.  wounded  a  few  steps 
farther  on,  Lieutenant  Callahan  taking  command  of  the  company. — 
I  ieutenant  John  Grant,  commanding  Co.  II,  was  also  wounded  and 
left,  the  command  devolving  on  1st  Sergeant  Cotton.  On  reaching 
the  ditch,  the  line  was  necessarily  broken,  the  men  being  compelled 
to  get  across  as  best  they  could.  Advancing  a  short  distance, 
they  found  themselves  under  cover  of  the  hill  in  company  with  a 
detachment  of  various  other  regiments  who  were  in  a  broken  and 
disorganized  condition.  Some  had  lost  their  leaders,  some  their 
regiments,  and  all,  for  the  time  being,  seemed,  to  have  lost  their  or- 
ganization. In  front  of  all  these  the  colors  of  the  18tL  was  plant- 
ed, and  the  men  quickly  rallied  and  formed.  A  short  consultation 
among  the  officers  was  held  to  secure  concert  of  action,  after  which, 
a  small  detachment  of  the  llth^Mississippi,  under  the  command  of 
Colonel  Liddell,  formed  in  support  of  the  right,  and  another  from 
the  4th  Texas,  under  Captain  Townsend,  supported  the  left.  Thus 
supported,  at  the  command  "  forward,"  the  18th  moved  steadily  up 
the  hill  in  the  very  jaws  of  Death  itself!  As  soon  as  they  were 
discovered  the  enemy's  cavalry  made  a  desperate  charge   at   the 


53 

right  wing,  which  might  haye  broken  and  ruined  the  line,  ha4  they 
not  been  received  with  so  much  coolness  and  deliberation  by  the 
gallant  men  composing  Companies  A,  B  and  C,  commanded  respect- 
ively by  Captains  O'Neal,  Stewart  and  Lieutenant  Callahan,  who 
held  their  fire  until  the  enemy  were  within  good  range,  and  then 
poured  in  a  deadly  volley,  that  broke  their  front,  brought  down 
their  leader,  and  so  discomforted  them  that  they  changed  their  di- 
rection and  endeavored  to  make  their  escape,  but  before  they  suc- 
ceeded in  doing  so,  scores  of  their  saddles  were  emptied  and  many 
a  cripled  steed  left  hobling  across  the  field.  Just  as  this  charge 
was  made  the  left  wing  had  come  up  within  range  of  the  gunsj 
when  one  of  them  delivered  a  volley  of  grape  full  into  the  ranks  of 
Co.  K,  instantly  killing  Lieutenant  Dowten  and  a  private,  and  wound- 
ing half  a  dozen  others.  The  whole  line  halted  to  deliver  their 
fire,  which  they  did  so  effectually  that  for  a  moment  the  firing  of 
the  battery  ceased,  and  the  infantry  began  to  fall  back.  Se:zing 
the  opportunity,  Colonel  Ruff  ordered  the  charge,  and  rushing  to 
the  front,  hat  in  hand,  waived,  the  boys,  onward,  and,  in  less  time 
than  it  takes  to  write  it,  nine  pieces  of  the  battery  was  theirs.— - 
At  this  moment,  the  scene  in  front  was  indis«ribable.  Cavalrymen, 
artillery  limbers  and  caissons  and  infantry  all  rushed  away  in  one 
wild  sea  of  confusion,  running  for  dear  life.  Some  few  cannoniers, 
however,  stood  to  their  guns  and  continued  to  load — one  was  shot 
at  the  piece  while  raming  down  a  cartridge — another,  while  adjust- 

*  ing  a  friction  primer,  was  shot  down  b}^  private  Monroe  Windsor, 
of  Co.  H,  and  his  bag  of  friction  primers  captured  by  him.  Lieu- 
tenant Lawes,  of  Co.  D,  with  four  men,  rushed  forward  and  shot 
the  men  at  one  piece  while  they  were  on  the  eve  of  firing  it.  Cor- 
poral Foster,  of  Co.  F,  deserves  great  credit  for  the  galTantry  with 
which  he  bore  the  battle  flag  to  the  front — ever  foremost.  When 
he  reached  the  battery,  he  mounted  one  of  the  pieces  and  waved 
his  flag  in  triumph,  but  as  soon  as  the  regiment  was  again  ordered 
forward  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy,  he  took  his  place  and  rushed  on. 

'  At  this  point,  Colonel  Ruff,  seeing  that  his  regiment  had  pierced  the 
enemy's  lines  to  a  considerable  distance,  left  Major  Gr'ffisin  com- 
mand, and  stopped  to  rally  stragglers,  who  were  constantly  coming 
up,  and  turn  their  fire  to  the  left,  whence  the  enemy  were  pouring 
a  hot  fire  on  the  men  about  the  guns.     The  regiment  followed  and 


54 

drove  the  enemy  about  four  hundred  yards  into  the  woods,  when  it 
was  thought  advisable  for  them  to  fall  back,  as  they  were  entirely 
unsupported,  and  had  pierced  the  enemy*s  lines  about  a  mile,  and 
there  was  a  considerable  body  of  the  enemy  in  the  rear,  both  on 
tho  right  and  left.  Fortunately,  our  forces  drove  these  back  about 
night,  and  the  18th  held  its  position  for  the  night,  sleeping  between 
the  pieces  and  the  enemy.  The  regiment  was  under  fire  for  about 
three  hours,  -and  lost  one  hundred  and  forty-eight  in  killed  and 
wounded.  Two  officers  killed  and  six  wounded.  Carried  into  ac- 
tion five  hundred  and  seven  men.  Every  officer  and^nan  acted  with 
great  gallantry  and  coolness.  Captain  Armstrong,  seeing  one  of 
the  guns  aimed  at  his  company,  saved  them  by  an  oblique  move- 
ment to  the  right  in  double  quick.  Captain  Maddox  led  his  com- 
pany through  the  fight,  though  so  badly  wounded  as  to  have  to  re- 
tire to  the  rear  immediately  after  the  engagement  was  over.  Lieu- 
tenant S.  V.  Smith,  Co.  K,  led  his  company  with  great  coolness, 
notwithstanding  his  loss,  was  very  heavy.  At  the  ditch  in  front  of 
the  battery,  he  found  fugitive  Yankees  so  thick  that  he  had  to  make 
them  get  out  of  his  way  and  allow  his  men  to  pass.  Lieutenant 
Hardin,  commanding  @o.  F,  manceuvered  his  company  finely,  and 
did  splendid  service.  Orderly  Ramsour,  commanding  Co.  E,  acted 
▼ery  gallantly.  The  regiment  took  about  two  hundred  prisoners, 
among  them  one  Colonel  and  several  Captains  and  Lieutenants. — 
The  commander  of  the  cavalry  that  charged  our  lines  and  who  fell 
iiito  our  hands  a  wounded  prisoner,  declared  he  had  as  leave  charge 

si  wall  of  fire. 

«  CHICK AIIOMINIE." 
The  foregoing  extracts  sufficiently  illustrate  the  part  enacted  by 
Whiting's  command,  and  show,  beyond  question,  that  all  did  their 
duty  unflinchingly;  but  I  desire  to  speak  now,  more  particularly  of 
the  conduct  of  the  4th  Texas  Regiment  on  that  occasion.  While 
Hood's  Brigade  was  formed  in  liae  of  battle,  the  4th  Texas  was 
held  in  partial  reserve,  and  soon  became  separated  from  the  other 
regiments  of  the  brigade.  After  remaining  in  the  rear,  lying  down, 
for  perhaps  half  an  hour,  General  Hood  came  for  us,  and  moving  by 
the  right  flank  about  half  a  mile,  halted  us  in  an  open  space  to  the 
right  of  some  timber,  and  in  rear  of  an  apple  orchard.  The  sight 
which  we  here  beheld,  beggars  description.    The  ground  was  strewn 


55 

with  the  dead  and  dying,  while  our  ranks  were  broken  at  every  in- 
stant by  flying  and  panic  stricken  soldiers.  In  front  of  us  was  the 
"  Old  3d  Brigade,"  who,  but  a  few  moments  before,  had  started 
with  cheers  to  storm  the  fatal  palisade.  But  the  storm  of  iron 
and  lead  was  too  severe,  they  "  wavered  "  for  a  moment,  and  fell 
upon  £he  ground.  At  this  instant,  General  Hood,  who,  had  in  per- 
son, taken  command  of  our  regiment,  commanded  in  his  clear  ring 
ing  voice,  "  Forward,  quick,  march,"  and  onward  moved  the  little 
band  of  five  hundred,  with  the  coolness  of  veterans.  Here  Colonel 
Marshall  fell  dead  from  his  horse,  pierced  by  a  minnie  bull. — 
Volleys  of  musketry,  and  showers  of  grape,  canister  and  shell 
ploughed  through  us,  but  were  only  answered  by  the  stern  "  close 
up — close  up  to  the  colors,"  and  onwarxl  they  rushed  ov-er  the 
dead  and  dying,  and  over  the  Zd  Brigade,  without  a  pause,  until 
within  about  one  hundred  yards  of  the  breast-works.  We  had 
reached  the  apex  of  the  hill,  and  some  of  the  men  seeing  the  ene- 
my just  before  them,  commenced  discharging  their  pieces.  It  was 
at  this  point,  that  preceeding  brigades  had  halted,  and  beyond 
.which  none  had  gone,  in  consequence  of  the  terrible  concentrated 
fire  of  the  concealed  enemy.  At  this  critical  juncture,  the  voice*of 
General  Hood  was  heard  above  the  din  of  battle,  "  Forward,  for* 
ward,  charge  right  down  on  them,  and  drive  them  out  with  the 
bayonet."  Fixing  bayonets  as  they  moved,  t£ey  made  one  grand 
rush  for  the  fort;  down  the  hill,  across  the  creek  and  fallen  timber, 
and  the  next  minute  saw  our  battle  flag  planted  upon  the  captured 
breast-work.  The  cowardly  foe,  frightened  at  the  rapid  approach 
of  pointed  steel,  rose  from  behmd  their  defences,  and  started  up 
the  hill  at  speed.  One  volley  was  poured  into  their  backs,  and  it 
seenied  as  if  every  ball  found  a  victim,  so  great  was  the  slaughter. 
Their  works  were  ours,  and,  as  our  flag  moved  from  the  first  to  the 
second  tier  of  defences,  a  shout  arose  from  the  shattered  remnant 
of  that  regiment,  and  which  will  long  be  remembered  by  those 
w'ho' heard  it;  a  shout  which  announced  that  the  wall  of  death  wan 
broken,  and  victor}^  which  had  hovered  doubtfully  for  hours  over 
that  bloody  field,  had  at  length  perched  upon  the  battle  flag  of  the 
4th  Texas.  Right  and  left  it  was  taken  up  and  rang  along  the 
lines  for  miles;  long  after  many  of  those  who  had  started  it,  were 
in  eternity. 


•  56 

No  pause  was  made  herej  but  onward  and  upward  they  pressed. 
At  the  summit  of  the  bill,  the  gallant  Lieutenant- Colonel,  War- 
wick, fell  mortally  wounded,  while  grasping  in  his  hand  a  Confede- 
rate battle  flag,  which  had  been  deserted  by  some  regiment  near 
where  we  began  the  charge.  No  noble  death,  no  brighter  destinies 
could  have  been  asked  by  a  soldier.  Falling  at  the  head  of  i>rav© 
men,  in  the  hour  of  victory,  and  in  defence  of  his  native  city,  his 
name  will  be  forever  cherished  in  its  annals,  and  proudly  written 
in  the  history  of  his  country.  Just  in  front,  and  about  four  hun- 
dred yards  distant,  was  a  splendid  battery  of  fifteen  guns,  and 
without  halting,  they  made  on  in  that  direction.  They  had  pro- 
ceeded but  a  short  distance,  when  General  Hood  discovered  an  at- 
tempt by  the  enemy  on  the  right  to  flank  and  cut  off  the  4th. — 
Gathering  up  the  stragglers  near,  he  formed  sufficient  opposition 
to  hold  them  in  check  until  the  regiment  have  time  to  reform  its 
line,  and  then  moved  forward,  having  been  joined  by  a  portion  of 
the  11th  Mississippi.  In  a  depression  in  the  field  about  half-way 
from  this  position  to  the  battery,  they  halted,  where  they  were 
joined  by  the  18th  Georgia.  Captain  Townsendnow  led  the- 4th  — 
Major  Kfty,  the  last  field  officer,  retiring  with  a  painful  wound, 
left  him  in  command.  Forming  on  the  left  of  the  18th — a  squad- 
ron of  about  six  hundred  cavalry,  at  full  speed,  charged  down  the 
slope  upon  the  right.  A  "look  out  for  the  cavalry,"  was  sufficient 
to  put  them  on  the  alert,  and  they  received  them  in  splendid  style. 
Soon  their  horses  were  running  wildly  over  the  fields,  many  with- 
out riders,  and  others  frantic  from  bayonet  cuts  and  minnie  balls. 
The  line  of  retreat  was  well  defended  by  fallen  steeds  and  dead 
Yankees.  But  the  boys  felt  more  sympathy  for  the  poor  horse 
than  for  the  degraded  rider,  who  was  left  bleeding  and  mangled, 
to  bite  the  dust.  The  charge  upon  the  battery  was  continued,  and 
the  work  was  soon  over — for  rushing  forward  at  a  run,  while  the 
hill-tops  blazed  and  thundered  like  a  bursting  mountain,  and  pour- 
ing a  storm  of  grape  and  canister  through  their  advancing  ranks, 
they  drove  the  enemy  from  their  guns.  The  infantry,  cavalry 
and  cannonniers,  with  five  guns,  mixed  and  moving  at  their  utmost 
speed,  gave  to  the  mind  the  idea  of  grand  confusion  !  as  they 
moved  off  in  search  of  the  new  "  base,"  which  McClellan  had  just 
gone  in  haste  to  select.     Our  Confederate  battle  flag  now  floated 


57 

* 

over  the  guns  where  the  Stars  and  Stripes  with  the  "  Spread  Ea- 
gle," had  so  recently  hovered  over  the  Young  Napoleon's  head. — 
But  they  rested  only  a  i'ew  moments  here.  For  the  sight  of  the 
broken  and  flying  columns  of  the  enemy  invited  them  forward,  and 
they  pressed  the  rear  of  the  Grand  Army  in  its  c'  On  from  Rich- 
mond," as  it  makes  its  grand  charge  to  the  rear,  where  safety  is  to 
be  won  by  a  gallant  run,  until  night  puts  an  end  to  the  slaughter. 
These  two  flags  might  have  remained  to  guard  the  trophies  won 
and  cannon  captured  on  this  memorable  hill,  and  would  ever  have 
been  the  pride  of  the  States  they  represent,  but  they  hastened  to 
make  their  victory  still  more  complete. 

The  Hampton  Legion  entered  the  fight  on  the  left  of  the  Brigade, 
on  the  crest  of  the  hill  in  the  woods.  The  5th  Texas  next,  then 
the  1st,  and  engaged  the  enemy  from  left  to  right  in  great  fury, 
slowly  pressing  him  back,  and  almost  covering  the  ground  with  tb« 
de«\d  from  their  ranks. 

To  decide  the  points  of  honor  for  our  Brigade  on  that  bloody 
ground,  we  have  but  to  offer  the  testimony  of  General  Whiting, 
who  commanded  the  Division.  He  says  :  "  Tlie  1st  Texas  and  Hamp- 
ton Legion  were  sent  in  as  hundreds  were  leaving  in  disorder. — 
Two  regiments,  one  South  Carolina  and  one  Louisiana,  were  march- 
ing  back  from  the  field,  and  the  1st  Texas  was  ordered  to  go  through 
or  over  them,  which  they  did.  ^Vhen  the  line  was  completed  and 
advanced  to  the  crest  of  the  hill,  a  brigade  was  skulking  and  hiding 
from  danger,  &n<\  never  advanced  from  the  west  side  of  the  ravine. 
Fourteen  pieces  of  artillery  were  taken,  and  nearly  a  whole  regi- 
ment of  men  were  turned  over  by  Col.  Robertson,  of  the  5th  Texas, 
to  Brigadier  General  Prior  or  staff. 

li  Brigadier  General  Anderson  supporting  on  the  right.  Tho 
troops  on  my  immediate  left  I  do  not  know,  and  am  glad  I  don't. 
I  have  reason  to  believe  that  the  greater  part  of  them  never  left 
the  cover  of  the  woods,  on  the  west  side  of  the  ravine. 

"  I  take  pleasure  in  calling  special  attention  to  the  4th  Texas 
Regiment,  which,  led  by  Brig,  Hood,  was  the  first  to  break  the 
enemy's  lino,  and  enter  his  works.  Its  brave  old  Colonel,  Marshall, 
fell  earl}7-  in  the  charge,  on  the  hither  side  of  the  ravine.  The  stub- 
born resistance  maintained  all  day  faltered  from  that  moment,  and 
the  day  was  gained.     Of  the  other  Regiments  of  the  Division,  it 


58 

would  be  invidious  and  unjust,  to  mention  one  before  another." 

General  Hood  says.  "  directing  in  person  the  4th  Texas,  the/ 
were  the  first  to  pierce  the  strong  lice  of  breast- v  orks  occupied  by 
the  enemy,  which  caused  great  confusion  in  their  ranks.  And  here 
the  18th  Georgia,  commanded  by  Colonel  Ruff,  came  to  the  support 
of  the  4th,  pressed  over  the  hotly  contested  field,  inclining  from 
right  to  left,  with  the  5th  Texas  on  their  left,  taking  a  large  num- 
ber of  prisoners,  and  fourteen  pieces  of  artillery.  The  guns  were 
taken  by  the  4th  Texas  and  18th  Georgia,  and  the  prisoners  by 
the  5th  Texas." 

There  were  many  regiments  who  claimed  the  honor  of  capturing 
these  guns,  but  in  justice  to  the  men  who  did  the  work,  both  the 
Division  and  Brigade  Commanders  have  settled  the  question.  We 
may  here  remark,  that  five  of  the  guns  spoken  of  were  captured  by 
the  4th,  at  the  time  they  stormed  and  took  the  first  and  second 
breast-works. 

There  were  but  few  who  failed  to  do  their  duty  well.  And  as  for 
those  officers  and  men  who  "  skulked  and  hid  in  ditches  and  in  the 
woods  from  danger,"  we  will  leave  them  with  their  superiors,  and 
on  the  historian  will  devolve  the  task  of  assigning  them  position  in 
the  back  ground,  and  let  their  deeds  screen  them  from  the  world's 
view. 

The  secret  of  our  success  is  found,  in  a  great  measure,  in  the 
discretion  exercised  by  Hood  at  the  moment  we  reached  the  top 
of  the  hill,  upon  which  so  many  had  fallen  before  us.  Where,  in- 
stead of  halting  and  making  the  fight,  as  others  had  done  and  been 
driven  back,  he  gave  the  word,  and  our  brave  men  rushed  headlong 
from  the  hill,  and  at  short  range,  and  with  cold  steel  drove  iha 
enemy  from  their  hiding  places  below. 

VIEW  OF  THE  BATTLE-FIELD. 

Our  victory  was  complete.  Hundreds  of  prisoners  were  sent  to 
the  rear,  and  thousands  were  left  lying  on  the  field  and  scattered 
through  the  woods,  weltering  in  their  blood,  while  hundreds  more 
were  left  dead  upon  the  soil  their  feet  had  polluted.  And  now  we 
must  give  them  graves  in  the  very  fields  they  have  pillaged.  Night 
has  hung  its  dark  curtains  around  and  over,  the  arena  so  recently 
lit  with  fire-arms,  and  the  flash  of  the  glittering  sabre  in  the  hands 


59 

of  valient  men.  The  roar  and  rush  of  armies  has  ceased.  All  is 
quiet  as  the  grave,  only  when  disturbed  by  busy  trains  of  ambu- 
lances, and  the  heart-rending  groans  of  the  ten  thousand  sufferers, 
co-mingling  their  voices  in  piteous  discord  on  every  hand.  No 
troopers  aro  dashing  headlong,  and  not  a  single  roar  of  the  cannon 
is  to  be  heard.  But  low,  deep  murmurs  rose  upon  the  gloom  of 
night,  which  lent  to  the  surrounding  scene  the  darkest  shade  to 
which  earth-born  sufferers  aro  heir  in  their  brief  stay  in  a  world  of 
sin  and  woe.  Nothing  this  side  the  regions  of  blackness  of  dark- 
ness is  half  so  terrible  as  the  theatro  upon  which  the  maddened  ar- 
mies of  empires  seek  revenge,  and  settle  their  quarrels.  The  dark- 
ness of  the  night,  intensified  by  the  clouds  of  smoke  now  settling 
down  upon  the  earth,  with  the  cries  of  the  suffering  and  groans  of 
the  dying,  tend  to  deepen  and  blacken  the  pall  that  shrouds  the 
mind  of  the  wounded  soldier.  Thoughtful  and  suffering,  on  the 
cold  ground  where  he  fell,  he  longs  for  the  coming  morning.  But 
he  knows  not  that  it  shall  dawn  upon  him.  Exhausted,  hungry, 
bleeding,  famUhing,  and  no  one  to  fill  his  canteen,  or  bind  up  his 
;  broken  arm  or  shattered  leg.  It  is  a  long,  long  and  dreary  night ; 
and  beyond  he  knows  not  that  he  shall  have  another  day.  And, 
although  hours  are  dark  and  the  cannon's  roar  is  not  to  be  heard, 
yet  every  watch  was  disturbed,  and  the  sentinel  hears  the  groans 
"of  his  suffering  comrades  all  night  long.  Many  tears  were  shed 
under  the  long  shadows  of  eack  hour  of  that  night,  that  will  never 
bo  numbered  on  earth,  and  that  too  from  eyes  all  unused  to  weep- 
ing. Oh!  how  sweet  the  comforts  of  religion  in  an* hour  like  this. 
Friends  walked  and  looked  for  friends,  and  brothers  knew  not  the 
fate  of  each  other,  whether  living  or  dead.  Long  trains  of  ambu- 
lances are  passing  to  and  fro  nearly  all  night,  gathering  and  carry- 
ing to  the  field  Infirmary — to  which  place  we  will  now  go  to  see  if 
there  are  any  there  we  know.  Ye?,  there  is  one,  and  yonder 
another,  and  another,  but  we  will  not  call  their  names — the  whole, 
yard  is  filled  with  suffering  friends,  stretched  upon  the  ground. — 
Nurses  are  washing  and  bathing  their  wounds,  and  surgeons  aro 
using  the  knife.  Many  arms  and  legs  are  amputated,  and  the  poor 
boys  are  maimed  for  life. 

The  long-desired  morning  comes  at  last,  and  with  it  hundreds 
more  are  brought  in.    They  are  carried  to  the  surrounding  shades, 


CO 

in  the  orchard  and  field.  These  are  some  of  the  horrors  of  war, 
while  the  counterpart  is  found  at  the  home  of  the  soldier's  mother, 
his  wife  and  friends'.  But  upon  this  sacred  ground  we  will  not 
tread.  For  we  imagine  we  see  them,  when  the  letter  with  the 
black  seal  reaches  their  anxious  and  trembling  hand,  while  the 
heart's  deepest  fountain  is  broken  up  and  gushes  forth  in  streams 
of  such  grief  as  none  can  portray.  Oh  God,  how  long  shall  such 
scenes  as  this  afflict  our  unhappy  land?  How  long  till  thou  will 
put  a  stop  to  the  shedding  of  human  blood  ?  Thus  ends  the  battle 
of  Gaines'  Farm. 

But  we  had  not  finished  the  strife  when  the  sun  went  down  en 
Friday.  Each  day  for  a  week  we  must  witness  the  re-enactment 
of  this  bloody  drama.  On  Saturday,  from  the  hill  on  which  we 
captured  the  heavy  battery  of  the  enemy  the  evening  before,  we 
could  see  the  consternation  of  McClellan's  army.  Clouds  of  rolling  J 
dustwound  their  serpentine  course  over  hills  and  valleys,  along  every 
road  leading  away  from  the  position  he  had  occupied,  towards  the 
south  and  east ;  and  they,  togetfier  with  the  mountains  of  smoke 
which  ascended  from  piles  of  commissiary  and  depots  of  quartermas- 
ter's stores,  marked  the  line  of  his  retreat,  and  wrote  the  nature  of  his 
defeat  upon  the  skies.  In  the  general  conflagration  which  we  could 
fee  for  miles  in  different  directions,  they  destroyed  millions  of  dolr 
lars  worth  of  property.  And  it  is  new  that  he  announces  to  his 
government  that  he  is  performing  "a  strategic  movement,  and 
changing  his  base  of  operations  from  the  White-house  to  the  James; 
river."  • 

On  the  28th,  General  Toombs  attacked  the  enemy  near  the  Nine 
Mile  road,  but  the  advantage  w«s  apparently  slight,  yet  it  contrib- 
uted to  the  general  confusion  and  dismay  of  the  enemy. 

General  Stuart  with  his  Cavalry  was  doing  good  service  in  the 
direction  of  the  White-House— each  day  capturing  and  destroying 
property,  and  sending  large  bodies  of  prisoners  to  the  rear. 

General  Hood  received  orders  to  advance  at  an  early  hour  on 
Saturday  morning;  but  on  reaching  the  Grape-¥ine  bridge  he  was 
compelled  to  halt  and  wait  until  the  bridge,  which  had  been  des- 
troyed by  the  enemy,  couldbe  repaired. 

BATTLE  AT  SAVAGE'S  STATION. 
On  Sunday  morning,  29th,  fierce  picket  firing  was  heard  in  the 


01 

direction  of  the  out-posts  of  the  army,  at  an  early  hour.  About 
noon  the  fight  began  under  General  Magruder's  command — the 
slaughter  was  dreadful  and  cur  victory  complete— and  burning 
stores  and  scattered  arms  and  clothing  in  every  direction,  gave  evi- 
dent signs  of  an  unexpected  retreat. 

"The  Railroad  Merrimac,"  an  ugly  monster,  movf^d  down  early 
in  the  morning  and  shelled  the  adjacent  woods  and  fields,  until  the 
enemy  fell  back  from  the  road.  It  was  struck  several  times  with 
heavy  iron  balls,  but  was  uninjured.  At  this  place  also  the  des- 
truction of  property  was  immense. 

Late  in  the  evening  the  enemy  wa.s  again  overtaken  ;  the  rear  of 
the  retreating  forces  warmly  engaged  us,  but  night  coming  on  we 
could  not  realize  the  advantage  gained,  as  we  were  unable  to  fol- 
low it  up.  9 

During  the  day  it- had  become  apparent  that  McClellan  had  elud- 
ed us,  and  was  in  full  retreat  ever  a  road  which  Gen.  Huger  had 
been  int-usted  to  watch.  The  reason  why  he  suffered  the  enemy 
to  move  undisturbed  along  the  road  leading  under  the  protection 
of  his  gun-boats  remains  still  a  mystery[to  all.  While  many  be- 
lieved him  guilty  of  criminal  favoritism  towards  the  enemy — which 
we  do  not  belieye — and,  especially,  as  this  was  not  the  first  time 
Lo  had  failed  to  come  up  with  his  men  when  ordered  in  to  the 
fight. 

BATTLE  OF  FRAZIER'S  FARM. 

Monday  morning,  June  30th,  General  Jackson  crossed  the  Chick- 
ahominy  in  pursuit  of  the  retreating  foe.  In  the  evening  the  ad- 
vance came  up  with  his  rear  at  th*  bridge  at  White  Oak  Swamp, 
which  they  were  defending  With  artillery.  Scouts  from  the  Texas 
Brigade  were  sent  over  and  drove  in  their  pickets.  Their  artillery 
was  then  turned  upon  our  men,  but  sheltering  behind  a  hill,  no  one 
was  injured.  But  morning  revealed  the  fact  that  we  had  directed 
our  fire  sufficiently  well  to  kill  several  pickets  before  they  retired. 
After  dark  the  fire  of  their  artillery  was#again  turned  upon  the 
crossing,  which  they  kept  up  until  about  midnight,  when  they 
withdrew,  and  our  men  commenced  repairing  the  bridge,  which,  by 
sunrise  the  next  morning  was  completed,  and  we  crossed  over,  and 
had  the  pleasure  of  knowing  that  our  powder  had  Dot  been  burnt 


02 

in  rain  by  our  artillery  the  previous  evening.  For  dead  and  wound- 
ed Yankees  and  artillery  horses  proved  the  fact  that  random  shots 
are  as  deadly  when  they  hit  in  the  right  place  as  any  others. 

Generals  Longstrect,  A.  P.  Hill,  Huger  and  Magruder  pressing 
down  on  the  right  by  the  way  of  the  Charles  City  road,  overtook 
the  enemy  late  in  the  evening  posted  on  Frazier's  Farm,  when  a 
bloody  struggle  ensued,  in  which  Generals  Hill  and  Longstreet 
were  the  principal  participants — the  battle  continuing  long  after 
dark  with  frightful  fury ;  and,  although  the  enemy  had  selected 
his  ground  and  massed  heavy  bodies  of  men,  yet  again  he  had  to 
yield  before  the  conquering  armies  of  the  South. 

BATTLE  OF  MALVERN  HILL. 

On  Tuesday  moaning,  July  1st,  our  men,  after  crossing  the  bridge, 
found  the  out-post  of  the  enemy  in  6trong  positions  and  numbers, 
which  made  o  lr  movements  necessaril}7  sjow.  About  one  hundred 
prisoners  and  fifty  wagons  were  captured  during  the  morning.  Tlfe 
first  notice  we  had  of  the  contiguity  of  the  enemy  in  force  was  an- 
nounced by  an  exploding  shell  in  the  midst  of  the  1st  Texas,  which 
killed  antF  wounded  some  fifteen  men.  And  it  was  followed  by 
another,  which  caused  about  the  same  injury.  The  right  wing  was 
also  in  motion,  and  pressing  upon  the  enemy,  who,  after  the  slaugh- 
ter of  the  night  before,  were  making  haste  from  the  blood}'  field. 

We  were  now  in  the  neighborhood  of  Malvern  Hill,  and  discov- 
ering the  situation  of  affair*,  we  were  moved  to  the  left,  and  soon 
were  thrown  forward  to  support  a  battery,  which  had  been  sent  up 
to  drive  the  enemy's  guns  and  feel  his  position.  But  we  were  soon 
ordered  to  the  timber  in  the*rear.  Here  two  men  in  Co.  I.  and 
one  in  Co.  D,  4th  Texas,  were  wounded. 

At  4  P.  M.,  the  infantry  in  great  force  moved  up  and  engaged 
with  great  vigor,  and  until  10  o'clock  at  night  the  earth,  air  and 
water  were  in  commotion.  From  sixteen  batteries  by  land,  and 
their  gun-boats  by  water,  they  beclouded. the  day  and  lit  the  night 
with  a  lurid  glare.  Ackl  to  this  the  light  and  noise  of  our  own  ar- 
tillery which  had  been  brought  forward,  and  like  an  opposing  vol- 
cano with  a  hundred  craters,  it  gleamed  and  flashed  streams  and 
sheets  of  burning  fire — while  long  lines  of  human  forms  cast  their 
shadows  upon  the  darkness  in  the  'back-ground,  and  each  joined, 


63 

with  his  fire-lock  in  hand,  to  contribute  to  the  terror  of  the  awful 
scene.  One  could  easily  imagine,  while  witnessing  this  bursting 
etorm  of  human  passion,  that  he  was  within  one  step  of  the  coun- 
cil chamber  of  his  Satanic  Majesty,  and  that  he  had  assembled  all 
the  furies  from  the  far-off'  region  of  his  empire,  and  let  them  loose  . 
upon  this  devoted  spot  in  the  Old  Dominion.  For  both  in  sight 
and  sound  it  was  awfully  terrible.  For  the  outline  of  human  forms, 
a^  seen  by  the  light  of  burning  powder  through  the  smoky  air, 
looked  like  ghosts  in  human  shape,  while  the  heavens  were  vocal 
with  unearthly  sounds  from  the  passage  of  masses  of  iron  and  globea 
of  lead.  Death  now  held  carnival  over  whole  fields  of  living  men. 
And  his  was  tue  victory  on  both  sides.  McClellan  was  making  his 
last  exertions  to  pave  his  army.  And  by  this  powerful  effort,  he 
succeeded  in  checking  the  triumphant  march  of  our  arms,  until  ho 
had  placed  h  s  broken  and  routed  army  beyond  our  reach — under 
the  fire  of  his  gun-boats — which,  however,  during  the  night,  had 
been  more  destructive  to, his  own  men  than  ours.  But  this  he 
never  could  have  done,  had  not  General  linger  failed  to  check  him 
by  not  taking  possession  of  the  ground  before  he  arrived.  Tho 
whole  plan  had  been  admirably  executed  .from  the  time  General 
Hood  left  Richmond,  on  the  12th  inst.,  to  reinforce  Gen'l  Jackson, 
at  Staunton,  clown  to  the  last  day's  conflict,  except  in  this  one  In- 
stance.' And  we  are  sanguine  in  the  belief,  that  had  he  done  his 
part  as  woll  as  others,  the  whole  Yankee  army  would  have  been 
captured.  But  they  have  escaped,  and  the  whole  of  this  bloody 
chapter  will  have  to  be  repeated  on  some  other  field. 

McClellan  having  made  his  escape  and  reached  the  ''base"  of  his 
future  operations,  he  produced  onje  of  the  most  remarkable  docu- 
ments known  in  the  history  of  this  great  revolution.  For  having 
been  defeated  in  half  a  dozen  battles,  and  forced  to  the  necessity 
of  applying  the  torch  to  hundreds v of  thousands  of  dollars  in 
stores,  the  most  valuable  to  his  army,  he  speaks  of  it  as  change 
u  contemplated,"  and  as  having  been  "  accomplished  with  success," 
and,  no  doubt,  he  has  made  thousands  of  his  admirers  believe  it. — ' 
And  after  bis  army,  for  a  week,  had  been  running  as  for  dear  life, 
and  making  good  tluir  flight  over  the  distance  of  about  thirtj- 
fivc  miles,  having  frequently,  both  by  day  and  by  night,  to  turn 
and  fight,  while  thousands  of  his  men  were  being  slaughtered,  and 


04 

thousands  more  were  captured,  without  gaining  anything  -except 
another  chance'td  run,  he  said  to  his  soldiers,  "your  conduct  ranks 
you  among  the  celebrated  armies  of  history.''  I  think  he  had  more 
truthfully  expressed  it,  by  saying,  "you  rank  all  the  armies,  both 
of  ancient  and  modern  times,  for  you  can  out  run  any  soldiers  in 
the  known  world*;  which  youhavc  proved  on  various  occasions,  from 
the  days  of  Bull  Run,  till  now." 

PERSUIT  TO  WESTOVER,  AND  RETURN  TO  RICHMOND. 

Wednesday  morning,  July  2d.— When  the  sun  cleared  away  the 
darkness  of  the  night,  it  was  discovered  that  the  Yankees  had  also 
cleared  out.  We  withdrew  from  the  field,  and  prepared  our  ra- 
tions for  further  pursuit.  At  the  same  time,  strong  parties  were 
•vcouring  the  fields  and  woods  beyond,  to  find  their  position,  or  the 
trails  by  which  they  had  made  their  exit.  And  on  Friday,  while 
•vve  were  marching  down  to  the  neighborhood  of  Westover — Mc- 
Olellan's  new  "base,"  he  was  at  work  with  the  following  Fourth  of 
July  speech  : 

HEADQUARTERS,    ARMY    OF    THE    POTOMAC,         ) 

Camp  mkar*  Harrison's  Landing,  July  4th,  1862,  $ 

-Soldiers  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac: — Your  achievements'for- 
the  past  ten  days,  have  illustrated  the  valor  and  endurance  of  tho 
American  soldier.  Attacked  by  superior  force,  and  without  hopes 
of  reinforcement,  you  have  succeeded  in  changing  your  base  of  ope- 
rations by  a  flftnk  movement,  always  regarded  as  the  most  hazard- 
ous of  military  operations.  You  have  saved  all  y%ur  guns  except  a 
few  lost  in  battle,  taking  in  turn,  guns  and  colors  from  the  enemy. 

Upon  your  march,  you  have  been  assailed  day  after  day  with 
desperate  fury,  by  men  of  the  same  race  and  nation,  skilful'y  man- 
aged and  led.  Under  every  disadvantage  of  number,  and  necessity 
of  position  also,  you  have,  in  every  conflict,  beaten  back  your  foe 
With  enormous  slaughter. 

Your  conduct  ranks  you  among  the  celebrated  armies  of  history. 
None  will  now  question  that  each  of  you  may  always,  with  pride, 
wiy,  "1  belonged  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac."  Yrou  have  reach- 
ed this  new  base,  complete  in  organization,  and  unimpaired  in  spirit. 
The  enemy  may,  at  any  time,  attack  you,  we  are  prepared  to  meet 


C5 

them.     I  Lave  personally  established  your  lines,  let  them  come 
and  we  will  convert  their  repulse  into  a  final  defeat. 
-    Your  Government  is  strengthening  you  with  the  resources  of  a 
great  people.     On  this,  our  National  birth-day,  we  declare  to  our 
foes,  who  are  rebels  against  the  best  interests  of  mankind,  that 

this  army  shall  enter  the  Capitol  of  the  so-called  "Confederacy 

that  our  National  Constitution  shall  prevail,  and  that  the  Union 
which  no  longer  can  insure  internal  peace  and  external  security  to 
each  State,  must,  .and  shall  be  preserved,  cost  what  it  may,  in  time, 
treasure  and  blood."  % 

GEORGE  B.  McCLELLAjN. 
Major-General,  Commaflmng. 
McClellan  says  "  you  have  saved  all  your  guns,  except  a  few  lost 
in  battle."  When  General  Lee  counts  his  guns,  we  find  that  Mc- 
Clellan has  a  different  idea  as  to  what  the  word  "  few  "  means,  to 
that  which  Southern  people  have.  And  of  those  which  he  says 
they  "  took  in  turn,"  o*ur  men  know  nothing.  But  we  give  you  the 
address  of 

GENERAL  LEE  TO  HIS  SOLDIERS. 

Headquarters  in  the  Field,  ) 

July  7th,  1862/       $ 

Gereral  Orders, 

No.  75. 

''The  General  Commanding,  profoundly  greatful  to  the  only  Giver 
of  all  victory  for  the  signal  success  with  which  He  has  blessed  our 
arms,  tenders  his  warmest  thanks  and  congratulations  to  the  army, 
by  whom  such  splendid  results  have  been  achieved. 

On  Thursday.  June  26th,  the  powerful  and  thoroughly  equi; 
army  of  the  enemy  was  entrenched  in  works  of  vast  extent  and* 
most  formidable  in  character,  within  sight  of  our  Capitol. 

To-day  the  remains  of  that  confident   and  threatning  host  lie 
upon  the  banks  of  James  river,  thirty  miles  from  Richmond,  seek- 
ing to  recover  under  the  protection  of  his  gunboats,-  from  the  ef- 
of  a  series  of  disastrous  defeats. 

The  battle  beginning  on  the  afternoon  of- the  26th  June,  above 

anicsville,  continued   until  the  night  of  July  1st,  with   only 

such  intervals  as  were  necessary  to  pursue  and  overtake  the  flying 


60 

His  strong  entrenchments  and  obstinate  resistance  were  over- 
come, and  our  army  swept  resistlessly  down  the  north  side  of  the 
Ohickabominy,  until  it  reached  the  rear  of  the  enemy,  and  broke 
hio  communication  with  the  York,  capturing  or  causing  the  des- 
truction of  many  valuable  stores,  and  by  the  decisive  battle  of  Fri- 
day, forcing  the  eDemy  from  his  line  of  powerful  fortifications  on 
the  south-side  of  the  Chickahominy,  and  driving  him  to  a  precipi- 
tate .retreat.  The  victorious  army  pursued  as  rapidly  as,  the  ob- 
structions placed  by  the  enemy  in  their  rear  would  permit — three 
times  overtaking  his  flying  columns,  and  as  often  driving  him  with 
slaughter  from  the  field,  leaving  his  numerous  dead  and  wounded 
in  our  HHMs  in  every  conflict. 

The  immediate  fruits  of  our  success  are  the  relief  of  Richmond 
from  a  state  of  siege,  the  rout  of  the  great  army  that  so  long  men- 
aced its  safety,  many  thousand  prisoners,  including  officers  of  high 
rank,  the  capture  or  destruction  of  stores  to  the  value  of  millions, 
tnd  the  acquisition  of  thousands  of  arms  and»fifty-one  pieces  of  su- 
perior artillery. 

The  service  rendered  to  the  country,  in  this  short,  but  eventful 
period,  can  scarcely  be  estimated,  and  the  General  Commanding 
cannot  adequately  express  his  admiration  of  the  courage,  endu- 
rance and  soldierly  conduct  of-  the  officers  and  men  engaged. 

Tbese  brilliant  results  have  cost  us  many  brave  men,  but  while 
we  mourn  the  loss  of  our  gallant  dead,  let  us  not  forget  that  they 
died  nobly  in  defence  of  their  country's  freedom  and  have  linked 
their  memory  with  an  event  that  will  live  forever  in  the  hearts  of 
a  grateful  people. 

Soldiers  !  your  country  will  thank  you  for  the  heroic  conduct 
you  have  displayed — conduct  worthy  of  men  engaged  in  a  cause  so 
idtet  and  sacred,  and  deserving  a  nation's  gratitude  and  praises 

By  command' of  General  Lee. 

[Signed,]  R.  H.  CHILTON, 

A.  A.  General. 

This  address  contrasts  well  with  that  of  the  infidel  Yankee 
leader  of  Northern  fanatics,  whose  crusade  upon  the  South  is  as  un- 
holy and  unjust  as  that  of  .Northern  Europe,  whfch  sacked  tho 
c  ities  and  deluged  the  Southern  States  in  blood.     They  claimed 


67 

that  their  cause  was  holy,  and  upon  their  banners  was  emblazoned 
the  cross^-which  is  the  star  of  hope  to  a  s'n  cursed  earth.  And  in 
their  march  they  filled  the  earth  with  weeping.  And  so  our  ene- 
mies boast  a  superior  religious  morality,  and  deman^a  holier  Bible 
and  purer  religion  than  was  taught  by  Prophets  and  Apostles.  And 
in  their  social  compacts  and  moral  creed,  reject  the  institution  of 
Abraham,  and  the  teachings  of  the  Son  of  God  himself.  Then  the 
bombastic  rant  of  self  conceit  in  McClellan's  Fourth  of  July  address, 
is  in  perfect  harmony  with  the  large  pretentions,  high  profession  and 
extravagant,  pomposity  of  the  people  whose  great  leader  and  rep- 
resentative he  is.  But  instead  of  that  majestic  air  and  omnipotent 
pomp  with  which  McClellan  addresses  his  army,  General  Lee  be- 
gins, "  Profoundly  groat ful  to  the  only  Giver  of  ajl  victory,"  Sec. 
How  beautiful  !  how  befitting  a  great  Gercral !  bending  before  the 
Throne  and  acknowledging  the  supremacy  of  his  God,  while  Mc- 
Clellan  declares  in  his  own  name,  "  This^  army  shall  enter  their 
Capitol,"  &c. 

From  the  5th  to  the  8th,  the  command  was  on  picket  duty;  and 
in  the  afternoon  of  Tuesday  evening  we  received  orders  to  marcl:, 
and  took  up  the  line  towards  Richmond,  and  on  the  tenth,  pitched 
our  tents  on  the  same  ground  from  which  we  had  moved  on  the 
morning  of  May  31st,  to  march  to  the  battle  «of  Seven  Pines. — 
Thus  we  completed  a  tour -of  five  hundred  miles,  passing  through 
several  bloody  engagements,  and  at  the  end  of  forty  days,  were 
right  were  we  had  started.  But  the  chapter  of  incidents  which  oc- 
curred during  the  time,  Will  long  be  remembered  by  the  Brigade — 
who,  way-worn  and  battle-begrimed,  arc  heartily  glad  of  another 
opportunity  to  rest.  All  through  the  camp  they  are  seen  stretched 
upon  the  ground  under  the  shade  of  their  "  flies  "  and  the  sur- 
rounding trees,  while  some  are  gone  into  the.  City  to  look  after 
wounded  friends. 

SAD  REFLECTIONS. 

After  the  engagement  at  Gaines'  Farm,  we  came  with  the  wound- 
o  1  to  the  City,  to  do  all  in  our  power  for  their  comfort.  And  on 
learning  the  command  had  returned,  we  visited  the  camp,  and  will 
long  remember  the  greetings  we'ftict  from  both  ofhfcrs  and  men.-— 
Bui  how  sad  were  the  hearts  of  those  we  mot,  could  easily  be  die- 


68    " 

covered  in  the  cloud  which  immediately  chased  from  the  face  tht 
smile  of  pleasure  that  lit  the  countenance  at  our  meeting.  Many. 
both  effioew  and  men,  were  absent  from  camp.  Some  of  them 
in  the  hospitals,  while  others  were  left  to  sleep  on  the  battle 
field  in  the  soldier's  grave — they  will  no  more  attend  the  roll-call 
of  their  companions,  command  the  men  on  .parade,  nor  march  to 
the  music  of  the  fife  and  drum — nor  shall  we  any  more  meet  them 
in  the  private  walks  of  life  even  when  this  cruel  war  is  over.  They 
will  not  return  with  us  when  we  take  up  our  line  of  march  for  our 
homes  in  the  far  west.  No,  they  will  not  go — they  have  .already 
got  their  discharge,  sealed  in  blood  upon  the  altar  of  their  country, 
but  they  have  not  gone  to  the  flowery  Pi  aires  <  of  Texas*  And 
though  friends  may  often  look  for  them,  and  listen  for  their  foot- 
fall upon  the  threshold,  it  will  not  be  heard*— sad  thoug! 
But  when  we  return,  we  will  tell  his  father  that  he  fell  with  Lis 
battle  harness  on — sword  in  hand,  and  his  face  to  the  foe,  and  died 
with  M  foiward  "  on  his  lips.  We  will  tell  his  sister  that  even  in 
death  his  face  was  lit  up  with  a  living  lustre,  which  hadburned 
there  since  the  day  that  Butler's  order  of  New  Orleans  was  first 
read  on  dress  parade — when  he  swore  his  strong  right  arm  should 

Yes,  we  will  tell  his  mother  where  he 
fell,  and  where  we  juried  hiu*.  We  will  tell  her  that  we  wraped 
bis  blanket  around  him,  covered  hira  with  his  martial  cloak,  and 
buried  him. in  a  soldier's  grave.  And  to  that  loved  one  whose 
image  he  wore,  we  will  return  this  ring,  and  tell  her  he  was  a  gal- 
I  boy. 

THE  HOSPITALS. 

By  visiting  the  hospitals  throughout  the  city,  which  are  f 
three  to  four  miles  to  the  extremes,  we  can  see  what  we  suffered 
during  six  day's  battles.  There  had  been  no  arrangements  to 
quarter  the  men  of  .different  Slates  separately,  except  in  a  few  in- 
stances. And  the  inconvenience  and  consequent  suffering,  no  one 
can  describe.  If  you  had  two  friends  wounded  in  the  same  fight, 
you  would  be  fortunate,  if  in  the  city,  you  found  them  within  two 
miles  of  each  other.  And  as  it  was  our  duty  to  look  after  the  wel- 
fare of  the  whole;  regiment,  over  two  hundred  and  fifty  of  v  I 
had  been  wounded,  no  one  can  properly  imagine  the  trouble  and 


69 

labor  it  required  to  look  them  up,  enquire  into  their  wants  and  re- 
lieve their  necessities.  And  how  often  and  warmly  we  felt  to  re- 
proach the"  authorities  of  our  State  for  thus  neglecting  the  wants 
of  men  who  had  left  ^ieir  homes  to  do  and  die  for  her  honor  and 
her  liberty;  the  reader  will  be  left  to  imagine.  What  a  shame  upon 
our  State  pride.  And  wh*m  we  remember  how  well  they  had  done 
their  part,  and  how  high  they  had  written  the  name  of  the  Lone 
Star  State  above'  the  honors  of  every  other  at  Gaines'  Farm,  we  felt 
that  Texas  was  unworthy  of  such  sons.  For  they,  as  will  be  seen 
by  official  report,  stormed  and  took  the  strongest  position  in  that 
living  wall  of  fire  and  bayonets,  which  the  enemy  had  thrown 
round  the  Confederate  Capitol.  They  broke  his  ranks,  and  led  the 
\ray  to  victory,  crowding  the  road  to  death,  as  if  it  had  been  the 
high-way  to  festivity  and  mirth.  And  now  when  wounded  and 
unable  to  care  for  themselves,  they  are  found  crowded. together  in 
unhealthy  rooms,  on  miserable  beds,  and  are  without  adequate  at- 
testants and  nourishing  food.  They  suffered  much  on  account  of 
the  inadequate  arrangements,  and  also  from  the  inefficiency  of  Sur- 
geons, and  the  neglect  of  hospital  officers  and  nurses — some  of 
whom,  in  the  dignity  *of  their  official  position,  felt  at  liberty,  not 
only  to  be  cross  to  the  sufferers,  but  to  insult  friends  who  were 
looking  after  the  wounded,  unless  they  complied  with  all  tho  for- 
malities and  technicalities  of  ".red  tape  "  diplomacy,  and  that  too, 
during  "  ojjicia.1  hours." 

THE  LADIES  OF  RICHMOND. 

We  would  do  injustice  *to  those  at  whose  hands  we  received  a 
thousand  kindnesses,  were  we  to  close  this  part  of  our  narrative  with- 
out a  wqrd  of  praise  for  the  Ladies  of  Richmond.  Thereby  we 
should  do  viol-  nee  to  our  own  feelings,  and  be  guilt}-  of  ingrati-' 
tude,  for  kindnesses  gratuitously  bestowed.  For  the*  kind  relief, 
smiling  with  a  thousand  sympathies,  which  they  not  Only  sent,  but 

'ht  and  delivered  with  their  own  hands,  will  never  be  fi 
ten  by  our  suffering  men.     Early  in  the  morning,  and  often  through 
the  rain,  they  were  seen  gathering  round  the  hospitals,  each  one  la- 
dened  with  just  such  things  as  woman  know-  ho* 

>-0  well  as  a  soldier  with  ghastly  wounds  and  exhausted  frame, 
hundreds  of  miles  away  from  home  and  !fi  to  ap- 


70 

preciatc.  And  through  all  the  day  long,  they  were  seen  hovering 
round  these  scenes  of  suffering,  like  convoys  of  ministering  An- 
oo  errands  of  love.  And  the}-  would  not  only  come  and  bring 
.such  things  a<  make  the  sick  man  glad,  but  would  see  that  his 
afreets  and  clot  Iks  were  changed,  and.  with  their  own  hands,  make 
up  his  bed,  smoothc  his  pillow,  and  often  comb  Lis  liair,  arid  bathe 
his  feverish  hands  and  face — then  with  their  soups,  meats,  cakes 
and  ;  b  his  Lunger,  and  revive  his   drooping  spirits,  with 

well  flavored  wines  and  cordials,  and  then  talk  with  him  in  words 
of  sweetness,  of- his  motker  and  home.  This  they  continued  until 
the  shadows  of  evening  admonished  them  that  the  days  work  was 
done,  and  on  leaving,  many  were  the  sacred  admonitions  and  cheer- 
ful encouragements  given  to  look  to  the  great  Physician  who  has 
■  balm  for  the  soul  and  body  too.  ' 

The  attention  of  Mrs.  Webb,  Mrs.  Davis  and  Mrs.  Stevenson, 
will  long  be  remembered  by  the  friends  of  Captains.  Porter,  Ryan 
and  Own,  and  Lieutenants  Lambert  and  Reich.  Their  names  will 
be  oft  1  by  others  also  who  have  recovered  and  gone  to 

their  distant  homes,  where  they  will  tell  of  the  acts  of  benevo- 
lence be  by  the  hand  mgers^  and  that  they  -wanted 
for  notl  ing,  that  the  sympathies  of  these  and  other  ladies  could 
imagine,  would  afford  comfort  to  either  body  Or  mind. 

riven  too,  we  saw  them  gathering  round  the  hospit- 
als of  Manchester,  to  do  offices  of  mercy  for  suffering  strangers 
on  their  couches  of  straw,  and  with  liberal  hands  they  supplied 
their  wants  as  if  they  had  been  their  brothers.  '  They  knew  they 
had  fallen  while  defending  their  homes  and  their  honor  from  the 
brutal  invasion  of  men,  who,  in  their  official  orders,  neither  respect- 
ed the  altars  of  religion,  nor  the  honors  of  woman,  and  this  was 
»quile  enough. 

The  brigade  remained  in  camp  until  the  8th  of  August,  during 
which  time,  the  number  of  recruits  returning  from  the  hospitals, 
increased  it  to  within  a  fraction  of  the  number  on  duty  at  the  bat- 
tle of  June  27th. 

During  <  ur  stay  at  this  place,  the  subject  of  making  some  per- 
manent hospital  arrangments  for  our  sick  and  wounded  had  become 
so  apparent  that  the  officers  determined  to  take  action  in  the  mat- 
ter.    The  sufferings  of  our  men   were  so  great,  in  consequence  of 


71 

being  scattered  in  almost  ever}'  ward  throughout  the  cit}',  so  that 
no  systematic  relief  could  be  rendered  by  their  friends,  that  they 
determined  to  erect  a  ward  for  the  benefit  of  the  4th,  provided  I 
would  superintend  the  building  and  furnishing  of  the  same.  '  And 
although  this  did  not  belong  to  the  duties  of  my  office,  and  would 
give  rr.e  a  great  amount  of  labor  and  annoyance,  in  consequsnce  of 
the  unwillingness  of  the  department  to  furnish  the  material  neces- 
sary," and  the  great  scarcity  of  such  things  as  were  needed,  making 
it  almost  impossible  to  purchase,  yet  with  the  hope  of  having  a 
place  whore  our  sick  and  wounded  could  be  gathered  and  cared  for 
after  they  had  behaved  so  well  in  the  defence  of  our  country,  I 
felt  wilUng  to  do  any  thing  in  my  power  for  their  comfort.  And  in. 
fifteen  days  after"  receiving  the  orders  for  its  construction,  it  was 
ready  with  forty-six  beds,  and  we  began  to  receive  the  sufferers 
into  it. 

Each  Sabbath  while  thus  engaged  in  the'city,  we  went  to  the 
camp  to  preach  for  the  4th  and  1st,  Who  were  sufficiently  near  each 
other  to  assemble  at  the  same  place— either  in  the  morning  or  eve- 
ning, and  at  other  hours  of  the  day  had  service  either  with  the  5th, 
or  in  the  sick  camp  near  by.  Never  had  the  men  attended  so  well 
nor  listened  with  so, much  interest.  The  terrors  through  whicti 
they  had  passed,  had  made  their  impressions  deep,  and  we  trust, 
lasting  upon  their  minds.  ,A.nd  from  many  private  interviews,  we 
learned  that  numbers  of  them  had  resolved  to  become  soldit  i 
the  cross,  as  well  as  soldiers  of  their  country.  The  Testaments 
and  tracts — as  many  as  we  could  procure,  were  received  and  read 
with  unusual  interest.  And  to  Rev.  AVilliam  Brown,  D.  1).,  ami 
lady,  we  feel  greatly  indebted  for  aid  in  procuring  religious  matte- 
for  the  soldiers  to  read. 

And  we  cannot  pass  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Associate  u. 
without  the  highest  word  of  praise  known  to  our  language.  From 
them  we  received  the  first  word — which  spoke  out  in  action — of  en- 
couragement when  trying  to  relieve  the  temporal  wants  of  our  men. 
They  gave  me  clothes  for  them,  when  they  had  none,  they  gave  me 
something  for  them  to  cat  when  they  were  sick  an  1  hungry.  And 
we  hope  they  will  not  be  forgotten  by  our  men  in  time  to  tome, 
and  that  their  thoughts  will  apeak  in  actions  too.  They  we! 
eerve  the  name  they  bear. 


72 

The  campaign  thus  far,  hail  been  a  stirring  one  in  all   its  details, 
from  the  Pot<  mac,  until  the  six  day's  battles  around  Richmond  was 
the  end  is  Dot  jet.     For  by  the  time  it  was  over,  long 
lines  of  troops  begun  their  march  towards 

CKDAU  MOUNTAIN. 

After  the  bu        jftil  movement  of  the  "  Stonewall  "  to  the  rear 
llan,  General  Jackson  led  his  brave  army  buck  in  the  di- 
rection of  the   Valley.     But  instead  of  crossing  the  mountain,  he 
1  up  to  the  above  named  place,  and  opened  another  campaign, 
which  proved  to  be  as  brilliant  as  either  of  the  proceeding  ones. — 
On  the  8th  of  August  he  began  an  engagement  with  the  command- 
er who  dates  his  orders  from,  "Headquarters  in  the  saddle — "  ''al- 
ways looking  at  the  backs  of  his  enemy,  nevsr  studying  the  base 
of  operations,  nor  the  line  of  retreat."     But  it  would  appear  after 
the  "Stonewall"  had-  become  a  mountain  avalanche,  that  he  per- 
formed the   task  \\^11  for  one  never  having  "  studied."     For  after 
loosing   two   thousand  five  hundred  men,  if  he  did  not  turn  his 
upon  the  "  rebels,"  he  must  have  had  a  hard  way  and  road  to 
I.     For  by  the  30th  of  August  he  is  found  near  Bull  Hun,  and 
ling  again.     Our  loss  amounted  to  about  ,six  or  seven  hundred. 
But  not  having  "studied"  the  science  of  retreating,  Pope  halted 
:ike  another  view  on  the  Rappahannock,  in  a 

BATTLE  AT   FREEMAN'S  FORD. 

After  resting  and  recruiting  up  until 'the  11th  of  August,  our 
Division  received  orders  to  move.  But  the  place  of  our  destina- 
was,  as  it  ever  had  been,  a  mystery.  We  were  to  go  north, 
but  to  what  point,  and  how  far,  no  one  knew.  Jackson  and  Long- 
Street  had  gene,  and  we  were  to  join  one  or  the  other,  but  which, 
we  did  not  know.  At  1  o'clock,  P.  M.,  we  took  up  the  line,  and 
marched  thirteen  miles,  and  on  the  next,  day,  ten  miles,  and  camped 
near  Hanover  Junction.  The  next  day  we  moved  to  Anderson 
Station.  Here  we  remained  several  days,  and  then  passing  near 
Orange  Court  House,  we  joined  General  Longs treet.  The  weather 
was  oppressively  warm,  and  several  in  the  Division  were  smitten 
with  sun-stroke,  but  as  warmer  times  were  just  ahead,  we  moved 
forward  to  the  Rappahannock.     Arriving  at  Freeman's  Ford  on  the 


73 

23d,  we  were  ordered  up  to  relieve  General  Trimble  in  the  front. 
But  on  arriving,  we  found  that  the  enemy  had  crossed  in  force  in 
the  immediate  front  of  General  Trimble.  The  preliminari 
the  battle,  as  old  soldTcrs  could  readily  see,  had  already  begun. — 
The  artillery  had  been  at  work  for  some  time,  and  now  the  sharp- 
shooters were  marking  their  objects,  and  ever  and  anon,  you  could 
see  some  prominent  Yankee  go  down  to  bite  the  dust.  Soon  the 
skirmishers  engage,  and  in  a  few  moments,  the  fire  Hashes  along 
the  main  line.  On  arriving,  the  Texas  Brigade  took  position  on 
General  Trimble's  right,  and  Colonel  Law's  Brigade  on  his  left. — 
With  line  of  battle  thus  formed,  the  "  Forward  "  was  given;  the 
line  of  the  enemy  was  instantly  broken,  and  driven  headlong  into 
the  river.  And  pouring  a  dreadful  fire  into  their  crowds  of  confused 
and  broken  lines,  as  they  were  huddling  together  to  cross,  many 
were  shot  in  the  backhand  others  drowned  by  the  crushing  crowd 
which  pressed  for  the  other  shore.  It  was  the  work  of  but  a  few 
minutes,  yet  about  three  hundred  of  their  killed  and,  wounded  were 
left  upon  the  ground  and  in  the  river.  Here  Major  M.  D.  Whaley, 
of  the  5th,  fell  mortally  wounded.  His  thigh  was  shattered  by  a 
shell,  and  had  to  be  amputated.  lie  died  on  the  next  day.  We 
lost  only  ten  men  in  the  fight— all  of  the  5th  Texas.  (See  the  list 
in  the  appendix.) 

It  rained  that  evening  and  night,  so  that  the  wagons  tonld  not 
cross  the  stream.  Green  corn  was  the  dhly  chance  for  fedd;  and 
from  the  same  field  we  drew  rations  from  one  side,  and  the  Yan- 
kees from  the  other.  At  night, -on  the  23d,  the  wagons  came  op ; 
fUld  while  the  men  were  cooking  their  beef  and  bread,  t  Lev  i  i  reived 
orders  to  march  immediately.  Supper  was  in  every  imaginable 
shape  and  condition,  except  one — ready  to  eat.  Some  had  just 
drawn,  others  Were  washing  their  frying-pans  ;  some  had  their  beef 
on  the  fire;  others  had  only  got  their  flour  in  the  pan,  and. had, 
their  hands  well  bedaubed  with  the  dough— in  short,  they  had 
tapper   in  such   a  shape   that  they  could  neither  ea1  rry  it 

along.     And   whether   they  said   any   bad   words  at  such  a  disap- 
pointment, it,  is  not  my  business  to  tell,  nor  yours  to  [  5  ome 
Objected  and,  others  complained,  but   it  was  no  use;  f<»r  the  < 
had  come  for   tl                 ,s  to  go  to  the   rear  and    tl               to  the 
front.     They  were  near  Waterloo,  but  it  was  not  the  Waterloo  of 


:  y.  And  although  we  had  suffered  no  defeat  in  arms,  the  boys 
wet,  hungry,  and  with  a  long  night's  march  ahead,  did  suffer  u 
dreadful  defeat  in  their  supper.  And  when  they  found  they  had  to 
go,  they  charged  it  to  the  account  of  profit  and  loss,  and  moved*, 
off".  The  next  day  they  had  another  chance  to  mix  up  their  <}ough. 
but  they  were  not  disappointed  this  time.  On  the  evening  of  the 
2o'th,  they  quit  camp,  marched  all  night,  rested  an  hour  in  the 
morning,, marched  until  noon  and  rested  two  hours — having  crossed 
the  Rappahannock— continued  the  rout  through  Salem  until  10  P. 
M.,  and  halted  within  four  miles  of" Thoroughfare  Gap. 

PASSAGE  OF  THOROUGHFARE  GAP. 

The  next  morning  (28th)  it  was  found  that  the  enemy  had  taken 
posse?- ion  of  the  gap,  and  was  ready  to  dispute  the  passage.  Jack- 
son had  passea  without  molestation,  they  being 'unaware  of  his 
merits.     But  the  news  had  gone  out,  and  they  were  unwilling 
that  another  army  of  equal  force  should  pass  a- gap  where  five  hun- 
dred men  could  hold  five  thousand  with  but  little  exposure  or  dan- 
ger.    We  had  every  prospect  of  a  hard  time  at  this  place — a  nar- 
row defile,  only  sufficiently  wide  to  admit  a  line  of  men  in  double 
files,  with  high  mountains  and  long  slopes  on  either  hand,  all  occu 
in  my,  who  were  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle  to  receive 
us.     But  disputed  or  undisputed,  we  were  not  to  be  checked  long 
at  this  point.     For  Jackson  had  gone  ahead,  and  every  one  knows 
that  he  cannot  live  long  iu.the  same  country  with  the  "  blue  jack- 
ets,-' without  a  fight ;  and  for  us  to  remain  here  and  fool  away  our 
time  with  a  few  dirty  Yankees,  would  leave  him  liable  to  be  cut  to 
pieces,  or  captured  by  the  enemy  in  full  force,  who  were  near  at 
hand.     Gen.   D.  R.   Jones  was  ordered  forward;  and  on  reaching 
the  gup,  immediately  opened  upon  them,  and  pressing  vigorously, 
drove  them  before  him  from  the  slopes  and  gap,  and  led  his  men  to  | 
the  other  .sid6.  The  whole  line  quickly  following,  passed  through  and 
bivouacked  on  the  field  beyond  on  the  night  of  the  28th.     All  were 
aware  that  hot  times  were  just  ahead;  for  the  booming  of  Old 
Stonewall's  cannon  was  distinctly  heard.     We  killed  and  captured 
about  one  hundred  during  the  evening — but  few  casualties  on  our 
side. 

ADVANCE  TO  MANASSAS. 

When  the  morning  of  the  29th  had  scarcely  dawned,  the  Tcxai 


-     75 

Brigade  was  thrown  to  the  front ;  and  a  party  of  select  riflemen 
of  this  brigade,  under  Lieut.  Col.  Upton,  of  the  5th  Texas,  consti- 
tuted the  advatice  guard.  Moving  forward,  they  came  up  with  tie 
r*ear  guard  of  the  enemy  before  sunrise.  Pressing  them  vigorous- 
ly, this  gallant  officer  and  his  splendid  marksmen  drove  in  the  rear 
of  the  enemy  so  rapidly,  as  to  be  frequently  under  the  necessity  o* 
halting  for  the*  troops  to  come  up.  They  did  not  move  as  if  they 
were  afraid  to  come  in  contact  with  the  enemy.  But  following 
closely  at  their  heels,  they  had  frequent  opportunities  to  try  their 
markmanship  at  the  retreating  guard.  They  also  captured  more 
prisoners'  during  the  morning  than  there  were  men  in  their  own 
party.  Early  in  the  day  they  came  up  with  the  main  body  of  the 
enemy  on  the  plains  of  Manassas.  They  had  driven  them  back 
about  eight  miles,  and  were  now  near  the  ground  where  Jackson's 
cannon  was  heard  on  yesterday  evening.  Forming  upon  line  of 
battle  as  established  by  him, 'they  rested  and  waited  for  orders. — 
Jackson  had  renewed  the  attach,  and  was  now  engaging  them  to 
our  left;  and  i'voin  the  thunder  of  arttllery,  aud  the  roar  of  mus- 
ketry, which  came  up  from  that  direction,  no  One  had  to  be  told 
that  the  work  of  human  slaughter  was  going  on.  Q-en.  Hood  post- 
ed one  of  his  brigade;  (Col.  Law  commanding)  on  the  left  of  the 
Warrenton  and  Alexandra  Pike,  and  the  other  (Texas)  ou  t^e 
right.  The  line  of  battle,  as  established  by  Cen.  Jackson,  running 
nearly  north  a"nd  south, ^md  facing  to  the  east,  crossed  the  Pike, 
about  one  mile  from  GrovetQii — or  three  miles  west  of  the  Stone 
Bridge,  acr  >3S  Ball  Run",  as  it  is  better  know  in  history — it  being 
the  one  over  which  the  enemy  passed  when  attempting  to  flank 
our  army  last  year.  This  line  as  now  formed,  was  in  sight  of  that 
classic  ground.  And  the  tide  of  battle  is  soon  to  roll  its  dreadful 
wave  over  the  same  field— to  rage  and  break  over  the  same  hiljs — 
making  the  earth  tremble  under  the  charge  of  rushing  squadron*. 
filling  the  air  with  its  hideous  roar,  and  the  heavens  with  clouds  of 
dust  and  mountains  of  smoke. 

THE  PRESENT  AND  PAST. 

Thousands  of  living  warriors  stand  trembling  with  engej'  ,°.n\ 
upon  the  same  ground,  waiting  for  the  word,  to  tread  where  fallen 
heroes  sleep,  and  wrVnch  from  the  hand  of  our  enemy  another  palm 


•y'*"-  glory.     The  position 'of  the  two  armies  is  nearly 

me  a~  it  w*a  twelve  months  ago,  only  reversed  ;  and  it  is  now 

b  r  or   Dot  we   can  whip  them  on  either  ^ide  of 

-Id. 
All  the  recollections  of  the  past  crowd  upon  the  mind.     Man}' 
of  the  heroes  gf  July  21>t  are  here.     The  '  Old  Third  Brigade,5 
le  command  of  Col.  I.  aw,  floats  its  colors  proudly  up, 
the  hard  of  the  past,  and  are  resolving 

ill  |iare  *?  Manassas  "  inscribed  upon  it  a  second 
.  The  4th  Alabama,  which  then  stood  like  a  gjant  in  his  strenfh, 
nerved    itself  for  the  combat.     The  names  of  Colonel 
1  ftptairi  Lindsay,  and  Lieut.  Turner  among  their  first  officers, 
Landmand,  Arnold,  Kees,  Bradford,  Pfeston,  Bailey,  Briggs, 
Pitts,  and  many  otkers,  who  stood  with  them  in  the  ranks,  bled  upon 
\    i ■;.'  ground.     The  living  now  re-resolve  to  do  their1  country 
■r,  and  avenge  the  death  of  their  fallen  friends.     ]<>u-  their  very 
I  crieth  unto  them  from  the  ground,  and  they  hear  their  voices 
the  roar  of  fire-arms,  calling  upon  them  by  all  the  sacred 
e-gone  days,  to  defedd  their  graves  from  the  polluted 
\  of  sacriligious  hordes,  and  their  country  from  dishonor  and 
oppression. 
»Thie  field  presents  one  of  the  liveliest  scenes  in  the  grand  drama 
ar  which  the  world  has  ever  beheld.     We  niight  here  stand 
_;aze  upon    it    in    mute  silence,    as**  it  stretches    away    to- 
wards the  sunrise,  until  every  hill  and  vale  had  told  its  story — 
a -history  of  itself— of  the   21st  of  Jujy,   1861.     But  living 
scenes  of  real  life  arc  more  interesting.     The  roar  of  cannon,  which 
disturbs  the  car,  and  the  long  black  lines"  of  moving  armies, 
ore  attractive.     The  chivalrous  knights  of  antiquity,  and  the 
hals  of  Napoleon,  of*  half  a  century  ago,  may  pass  in  review 
mind  in  times  of  peace,  when  the  fife  and  drum  are  not 
!   upon  the  soil  of  the  South,  and  when  the  thunder  of  artil- 
lery ceases   to  be  heard  over  the  grave  at  Mount  Vernon.     This  is 
no  place  to  tell   what  Cromwell  did;  nor  describe  the  fields  where 
Caesars  fought.     Neither  does   Yorktown,  nor  New  Orleans 
have  claims  upon  our  time  now — no  time  nor  attention  for  the  his- 
).  the  past.     To-day,  we  history  for  the  world  to  read. 

lay  and  to  morrow  we  will  write  more  than  one  of  its  pages  in 


77 


human  blood.     On  yesterday,  the  roar  of  battle  and  the  purpl-e 


stream  begun. 


SECOND  DAY'S  BATTLE. 


To-day  a  broader  and  bloodier  scene  is  opening  up  before  us. 

For  now  (4  o'clock  P.  M.)  the  enemy  moves  forward  in  tremend. 
•  force,  both  in  number  and  effort,'  upon  the  lines  of  Jackson  (on  i. 
left)  from  one  end  to  the  other;  but  he  holds  his  ground,  and  piles 
them  in  scores  as  they  come.     A  courier  from  Longstrcet  arrives 
with  orders  to  Gen.JHood  to  lead  his  Division  forward.     But  be- 
fore they  had'  time  to  come  to  order,  the  enemy  having  advanced 
under  cover  of  the  woods,  opened  fire.     The  order  was  instantly 
given,  and  the  whole  line  moved  down  on  bolh  sides  of  the  roa  . 
into  the  open  field.    Their  step  is  steady,  and  glistening  steel 
along  the  line.     The  artillery  has  been  planted  upon  the  hills  j  and 
as  the  infantry  moved  down,  the  artillery  filled  the  heavens  w. 
shot  and  shell.     Finally,  the  "  make  ready"  is  heard,  and  instantly 
a  sheet  of  fire  flashes  along  the   line.     The  advancing  line  of  t 
enemy  falters,  halts — another  voile;,-,  and  thoy  give  way.  nil  back, 
and  take  up  another  position  to  the  rear;  but  only  to  Be  driven 
again  and  again,  as  our  advancing  lines  draw  near  the  ground  up 
which   they  assayed  to  stand.     Thus,  on  and  on  they  are  driven, 
until  night  puts  an  end  to  our  progress,  and  gives  shelter  to  a  v 
quished  army.     But  it  was  not  until  9  o'ejock  at  night  the  war- 
riors were  called  off  from  the   chase,  and  ordered  to  rest   u 
their  arms. 

After  thus  pressing  a>nd  driving  them  a  mile  and  a  half,  our  < 
ccrs  supposing  the  enemy  would  withdraw  to  some  little  distan 
to  make  arrangements  for  the  morning,  aimed  to  take  advanl 
all  they  had  gained,  by  quietly  moving  up  and  taking  position  upon 
the  abandoned  ground.     But»thcy   were   mistaken;   for  they  had 
gone  but  a  short  distance,   when  they   found   then  in  the 

midst  of  the  enemy.     It  was  so  dark  that  one  flag  could  not 
distinguished  from  another;  nor  the  Yankee  troops  from  Southern 
soldi-  .ir  men  had  to' rc?crt  to  the  bayonet  and  bottc 

their  guns  to  drive   them  back  from  the  ground.     And  ow 
some  li>  our  o-.  tents,  {}\cy  had  l 

out  their  names  and  numbers  to  prevent  being  fired  into  by  ecu 


*  r\  The  enemy  beard  it,  and  took  advantage  of  the  informa- 
tion gained.  One  of  their  brigades,  by  our  movement  in  the  dark, 
had  been  cut  off.  But  as  they  came  up,  they  sung  out,  '•  5th 
Texas,  don't  s!:oot ;"  and  so  passed.  At  the  same  time,  to  divert 
our  attention,  they  dashed  a  squadron  of  cavalry  upon  us,  or  else 
the  trick  might  have  been  detected  in  time  to  have  captured  or 
shot  them  down  upon  the  spot;  for  the  5th  Texas  was  at  hand,  and 
the  deception  would  not  have  lasted  long  enough  for  their  purpose. 
But  the  cavalry  paid  well  for  their  visit.  Many  of  them  slept 
upon  the  ground'  by  their  newly  made  acquaintances,  and  their 
slumber  was  so  deep  that  the  rising  sun  did  not  wake  them  up. — 
The  order,  "  Right  about,"  was  quietly  given,  and  our  men  fell 
back  about  two  hundred  yards.  -  Pickets  were  then  posted  within 
about  sixty  pace- of  the  enemy.  One  of  .our  men  went  forward 
to  look  out  the  position  and  strength  of  the  enemy.  But  he  had 
not  gone  far  when  he  received  a  shot,  and  crawled  back  to  the  line. 

Colonel  Law  "command  captured  one  piece  of  artillery  during 
;ta  brilliant  march  on  the  other  side  of  the  Pike.  The  Colonel  had 
smelt  powder,  on  that  field  a  year  ago,  but  the  battle  scar 
h  he  then  received,  was  to  be  avenged  in  the  second  fight. — 
ral  Hood  was  in  charge,  not  only  of  his  own  Division, -but  re- 
ceived and  sent  I  three  or  four  other  Brigades. 

It  was  now  discovered  that  this  Division  was  far  in  advance  of 
Jackson's  Corps;  and  at  midnight,  orders  were  sent  round  to*fall 
back  to  the  line  from  which  the*charge  had  begun.  Here  the  weary 
warriors  rested,  and  wait  and  wish  for  the  coming  morning. 

THE  SECOND    GREAT   VICTORY  AT  MANASSAS.  \ 

The  morning  of  August  30th  finall}'  dawned.  And  the  deeds  of 
this  day,  will  be  read  long  after  these  warriors  have  cc.i  cd  to  hear 
the  roar  of  battfe.  And  as  the  reader  would  love  to  witness  the 
struggle  from  morning  till  night,  and  watch  the  advance  of  our 
conquering  arms  to  the  farthest  end  of  the  fkld,  we  will  .take  our 
stand  on  the  heights  where  our  line  of  battle  was  first  formed  ; 
and  to  the  left  of  Colonel' Law's  Brigade,  which  brings  us  near  to 
•Jackson's  right ;  but  a  little- to  the  rear  of  where  he  is  now  en- 
gaging the  enemy.  This  position  places  us  in  the  centre,  Jackson's 
on  the  left,  and  Longstrcet  on  the  right.  '  It  is  true,  that  the 


79 

position  to  which  I  have  invited  you,  is  one  on  which  there  are 
many  Yankees  posted,  but  you  need  not  be  afraid  of  them,  for 
Jackson  passing  on  Thursday,  and  Hood  on  Friday,  located  them 
there,  and  now  they  are  as  peaceful  as  you  would  have  them  be, 
except  the  stink  of  those  left  by  Jackson.  But  as  this  is  a  com- 
mon failing  with  the  Yankees,  to  the  smell  of  Southern  people,  you 
must  put  up  with  it  for  one  day.  And,  as  you  are  not  accustomed 
to  the  music  of  6hot  and  shell,  nor  the  melody  of  grape  and  canis- 
ter, it  may  make  you  a  little  nervous.  But  I  will  advise  you  of 
the  fact,  that  you  should  not  dodge,  when  you  hear  them  pass, 
for  in  trying  to  get  your  head  out  of  the  way  of  one,  you  may  put 
it  right  in  the  way  of  another.  And  while  you  are  thus  putting 
the  head  out  of  danger,  you  may  get  shot  in  the  foot,  and  if  you 
turn  around  to  avoid  a  scar  «4n  the  face,  you  may  get  shot  in  the 
back.  Having  taken  our  position,  and  facing  to  the  east,  we  have 
the  battle  field  of  Manassas  before  us.  The  Warrenton  and  Alex- 
andria  Pike,  passes  two  or  three  hundred  yards  to  our  right. — 
The  field  upon  which  the  battle  was  fought  last  3rear,  ties  to  the 
right-of  the  Pike,  which  crosses  the  Run  on  the  Stone*  Bridge, 
about  three  miles  off,  but  which  we  cannot  see,  in  consequence  of 
a  skirt  of  timber  a  little  beyond  Young's  Branch  ;  the  position 
from  which  we  fell  back  last  night.  To  the  right,  and  about  a 
mile  distant  from  the  bridge,  may  be  seen  the  position  occupied  by 
General  Johnston,  as  he  watched  the  movements  of  the  enemy, 
and  sent  forward  troops  to  Beauregard.  The  artillery  has  taken 
position  upon  all  the  surrounding  heights. 

Picket  firing  and  artillery  duel'ing,  begins  at  an  early  hour  in 
the  morning,  on  different  portions  of  the  field.  The  enemy  have 
followed  up,  and  occupied  the  ground  which  we  abandoned  for 
want  of  support — and  looking  beyond  Groveton,  you  can  see  the 
"red  breeches  Zouaves."  and  old  United*  States  Regulars,  crossing 
Young's  Branch,  and  taking  position  in  the  rear  of  Groveton. — 
Towards  noon  the  enemy  are  se< •n  in  great  force,  the  artillery 
they  post  on  every  hill,  and  form  their  infantry  in  the  rallies  and 
gorges  below.  The  preliminaries  having  been  arranged,  heavy 
lines  of  skirmishers  are  thrown  forward.  The  field  begins  to  pre- 
sent to  the  eye  a  little  world  of  commotion.  Bayonets  brittle, 
the  long  lines,  and  heavy  masses  are  moving  yonder  and  yonder,  on 


80 

bQth  "  the  road.     The  hopes  of  Southern  Liberty  arc  in  line 

of  battle,  and  officers  are  standing  in  little  groups,  while  aids  and 
couriers  arc  dashing  from  one   position  to  another,  receiving  and 
tg  orders  to  the  different  commands.     Clouds  of  smoke  are 
from  the  hill-tops,  and  growing  and  blackning,as  the  number 
0f  g;  ;d,  and  more  vigourously  served  by  the  cannon-  - 

niers.     Conspicuous,  aud  a  little  to  our  right  and  rear,  is  Riley's. 
splendid  batteries,  throwing  shot  and  shell  into  their  midst.     Yon- 
der to  our  left,  the  skirmishers   arc  hastily  drawn  in,  and  a  sleet 
of  fire  blazes    along   the  line   on  the   Peach  Grove  Farm.     It  is 
>ck,  P.  M.     A  desperate  effort  is  being  made  by  the  enemy 
to  turn  Jackson's  right.     .But,  having  his  position  in  the  rail 
rut.  his  men  are  but  little  exposed.    "And  with  good-aim,  they  thin 
the  ranks  of  the  advancing  line.     At  ^ast,  they  reach  the  top  of 
ill,  and  are  piled  in  scores  upon  the  ground.     Their 
rnd   fallback,  yet  it  is  but  to  rally  and  renew  the 

and  another  line  moves  up  to  their  support :  but  they 
the  same  deadly  lire  more  murderous  than  before. — 
;.  rail  fence  between  them,  and  their  lines  are  not  more  than 
from  each  other.     That  fence  was  literally  sh< 
pieces   an  I  many  of  the   rails  cut  in  two,  and  shot  into  splinters 
by  rifle  balls.     Their  lines  were  again  driven  back — and  not  to  be 
I.     But,  giving  way  in   great    confusion,  were   pursued    by 
brave  men,  who  cheeked  the  speed  of  many  a  Yankee,  as  he  ; 
haste  from  the  range  of  Jackson's  riflemen.     Listen,  and  yon 
hear*  the  shout  of  victory  from   Jackson's  little  band  ofnero 
pursuit  of  the  flying  foe.     The  surge  of  that   mighty  cheer,  rises 
ve  the  storm  of  battle. 
But  gazing  so  intently  upon   this  part  of  the  line  we  have  lost 
sight  of  the  field.     Look  yonder  on  the  Pike,  they  have  driven  in 
the  skirmishers,  and  the  bat  under  Longstreet's  com- 

mand. 

HOOD'S  DIVISION  IS  MOVING, 

and,  having  crossed  that  open  field,  the  Texas  Brigade  is  entering 
the  skirt  of  timber  to  the  right.  They  are  gone  for  but  a  few 
miuules,  until  the  roar  of  a  thousand  h  is  heard,  and  the 

great  iron  balls  break,  and  rend   the  forest  like  a  storm.     The 


81 

bodies  of  the  trees  are  scathed  and  severed,  and  the  giant  arms 
of  the  oak  are  broken  like  the  reed.  Soon  the  Texas  Brigade  is 
struggling  like  a  giant,  with  the  flower  of  the  enemy's  army  ;  but 
in  a  few  minutes  the  work  is  done,  the  ground  is  covered  with  the 
dead,  and  the  hills  with  the  flying  foe.  They  charged  gallantly  on 
with  their  usual  daring  and  enthusiasm',  driving  them  in  great  con- 
fusion, for  a  mile  and  a  half.  These  were  the  Zouaves  and  Regu- 
lars, to  which  your  attention  has  been  called  ;  and  in  testimony  of 
the  manner  in  which  our  boys  disposed  of  them,  we  q-  ote  a  few 
lines  from  Pollard's  history  of  the  battle  :  "  Hood's  Brigade  form- 
ed Longstreet's  left,  and,  of  course,  charged  next  the  Pike.  In  its 
track,  it  met  Sickle's  'Excelsior  Brigade,'  and  almost  annihilated  it. 
The  ground  was  piled  with  the  slain."  They  had  been  selected 
and  pitted  against  the  Texans,  as  we  have  since  been  informed  by 
prisoners  captured.  They  had  been  feeling  for  our  position  for 
a  day  or  two ;  and  the  collision  of  the  evening  before,  had  revealed 
to  them  the  part  of  the  field  we  were  on*  Cut,  coming  in  sight  of 
them,  our  men  were  not  frightened  at  their  red  breeches,  nor  the 
appearance  of  their  red  scull-caps,  with  cow-tail  looking  tassels  ; 
but  they  seemed  to  be  fired  afresh  for  the  combat.  And  I  guess  it 
will  be  sometime  before  tboseZouaves  will  hunt  up  the  Texas 
boys  again,  to  "skeer  "  them  with  their  scarlet  trowsers.  This  is 
the  second  time  we  have  met  and  whipped  them;  but,  if  they  are 
not  satisfied,  let  them  look  us  up  again.  At  the  far  edge  of  this 
timber,  they  lay  thick  over  the  ground,  and  then  scattered  up  and 
down  Young's  Branch,  and  far  over  the  field  beyond.  The  line  of 
theJV  flight  was  marked  by  the  carcasses,  which  fell  from  their 
ranks  as  they  were  making  a  brave  charge  in  the  wrong  direction. 
Hundreds  of  them,  after  our  own  men  were  buried,  were  hilled  up 
like  a  potato-patch  on  the  field.  But  many  of  their  stinking  car- 
casses lay  for  weeks  polluting  the  air,  and  their  bones  now  bleach-r 
ing%i  the  sun,  on  the  very  soil  which  their  polluted  feet  had  dese- 
crated. So  the  number  was  small  that  was  left  to  gloat  over  a 
victory,  won  from  the  soldiers  of  Texas.  And  they,  instead  of  re- 
joicing in  the  glories  of  a  victory,  have  to  mourn  the  shame  of  a 
disgraceful  defefit, 

THE  FOURTH  CAPTURES  A  BATTERY. 

Soon  after  the  enemy  had  been   driven  from  their  first  position, 
G 


8J 

a  courier  arrives  to  inform  General  Hood,  that  General  Long- 
•treet  wished  to  see  him  immediately.  Ordering  his  command 
to  "  press  the  enemy  back  to  the  branch,  and  there  halt  under 
■belter  of  the  bill"  from  the  battery,  he  rode  back  to  receive  the 
orders  of  the  Commanding  General.  Although  the  officers  and 
men  of  our  brigade  are  usuafiy  strict  in  their  obedience  to  orders, 
,tbey  did  trespass,  to  some  extent,  on  this  occasion.  And  4jreneral 
Hood  might  have  known  better  than  give  such  orders,  at  such  a 
time — for  having  been  with  the  brigade  as  long  as  he  has,  he 
migbt  have  known,  that  with  such  a  temptation  before  them,  they 
could  not  obey  it.  They,  however,  didobey  the  first  part  of  tho 
order,  "  drive  them  back  to  the  branch,"  to  the  letter,  but  the 
H  halt  "  pact  of  the  order,  they  could  not  obey.  For,  with  the  red 
breeches  "skedaddling  "  over  the  field,  and  that  fine  battery  in  full 
view,  they  marched  right  on,  and  in  one  bold  dash,  cleared  the 
guns,  and  swept  every  thing  from  the  field  before  them.  It  was 
here  that  Major  Townsend  fell  wounded,  while  gallantly  cheering 
his  men  to  the  charge.  And,  as  if  in  defiance  of  the  cannon,  moved 
right  up  to  its  front,  discharging  his  six  shooter  at  the  men  that 
worked  the  guns,  and  fell  within  a  few  steps  of  its  moutb. 

\V  hen  General  'Hood  returned,  they  were  not  to  be  found  where  he 
had  ordered  them  to  halt,  but  passing  up  the  hill,  he  found  that 
they  had  run  over  the  battery,  and  were  in  the  valley  beyond 
pouring  their  deadly  fire  into  the  backs  of  those  splendid  troops, 
which  McOlellan  had  eulogized  so  highly  below  Richmond,  on  tho 
Fourth  of  July.  Here  they  were  moving  in  glorious  confusion — 
Zo  laves,  Regulars  and  Artillerists,  all  together.  When  the  Gene- 
ral came  up,  instead  of  having  them  arrested  for  disobedience  of 
orders,  and  sent  to  the  guard  house,  he  said,  "  boys  you  don't  know 
how  proud  I  am  of  you.  You  have  behaved  gallantly;  you  have  done 
nobly.  For  you  have  fought  like  heroes.  Men  who  fight  in  this- 
way,  can  never  be  whipped."  • 

The  brigade  was  now  far  in  advance  of  the  other  portions  of  the 
army — the  4th  Texas  leading  the  van.  They  had  looked  neither 
to  the  right  nor  to  the  left,  to  see  if  others  were  doing  their  duty, 
and  coming  up  to  their  support,  but  with  the  red  breeches  before 
them,  they  had  been  pressing  forward  to  the  "  mark."  After  dri- 
ving them  sufficiently  on  to  gain  a  position  of  shelter  from  the  fire 


«3 

of  the  enemy,  the  General,  riding  in  front  of  the  18th  Georgia, 
halted  the  command,  that  it  might  have  time  to  rest,  and  moving 
on  to  the  right  near  the  Chinn  House,  took  position  upon  an  emi- 
nence, where  he  could  watch  and  direct  the  movements  of  the  line 
over  that  portion  of  *he  field.  Some  five  or  six  brigades  were 
there  received,  and  posted  by  him,  under  the  fire  of  the  enemy's 
guns.  Too  much  cannot  be  said,  in  honor  of  the  gallant  manner 
in  which  he  had  behaved  and  handled,  not  only  his  own  Brigade 
and  Division,  but  those  also  which  were  6ent  to  him  for  disposition, 
while  the  fight  was  going  on.  He  won  for  himself  a  name  that 
will  go  down  in  history.  For  not  only  did  he  command  his  own 
men,  viz ;  the  1st,  4th  and  5th  Texas,  18th  Georgia  and  Hampton 
Legion,  and  rush  them  like  a  whirlwind,  over  the  field — direct- 
ing the  destiny  of  the  "  Lone  Star' '  to  a  higher  position  upon  the 
roll  of  honor,  but  had  immediate  command  of  nearly  all  the  troops 
on  this  portion  of  the  ground. 

While  our  Brigade  was  resting  at  the  point  where  General  Hood 
had  halted  it,  General  Evans  rode  up  on  his  grey  charger,  and  ral- 
lied himself  for  a  moment,  waving  his  hat  and  eulogizing  the  men. 
The  boy&,  some  of  them,  were  foolish  enough  to  think  that  he  was. 
lost  from  his  command,  but  if  he  was,  it  was  not  long  before  he 
found  them  again,  and  led  them  on  to  the  fight  in  his  usual  way. 

As  soon  as  the  men  had  time  to  rest,  and  our  advancing  lines 
came  up  in  supporting  distance,  our  Brigade  was  again  led  forward. 
And  others  who  had  not  participated  in  the  fight,  were  brought 
forward  and  thrown  upon  the  field,  until  the  whole  concentrated 
army  of  the  enemy  found  itself  flying  in  a  second  Bull  Run  defeat, 
across  the  same  stream  which  they  had  crossed  a  year  before  in 
grand  confusion,  and  hastening  might  and  main  towards  Washing- 
ton as  for  dear  life.  Or,  in  more  modern  language,  they  were 
"  skedaddling  at  Bull  Run  speed,"  to  effect  a  "  splendid  change  of 
base."  (?) 

Gen.  Longstreet  was  in  the  rear,  sending  forward  the  men  as  fast 
as  they  arrived,  and  watching  the  behavior  of  his  corps  as  they 
strove  successfully  with  superior  forces.  And  I  will  take  occasion 
he-e  to  remark  that  it  seems  that  our  commanding  officers  have  at 
last  learned  to  be  prudent,  and  not  unnecessarily  expose  themselves, 
and  thereby  their  army  and  .their  country,  to  dangerous  perils,  bj 


84 

Caking  their  position  too  near  the  enemy's  fire.  True,  the  highest 
in  command,  under  certain  circumstances,  should  lead  the  charge, 
and  go  with  the  men  even  to  the  cannon's  very  mouth.  But  this 
is  not  often.  Our  men  do  not  need  their  chief  officers  to  set  them 
an  example  of  bravery  and  daring.  They  only  need  to  be  told 
when  and  where  to  go. 

At  the  battle  of  Gaines'  Farm,  Gen.  Hood  commanded  the  4th 
Texas  in  person.  This  was  a  trying  hour.  He  had  already  sent 
forward  the  other  regiments  of  his  command  into  the  fight.  This 
regiment  had  been  held  in  reserve.  The  time  had  come  and  the 
place  found  in  which  it  was  most  needed.  He  knew  the  men  and 
they  knew  him;  and  each  knew  the  confidence  which  the  other 
had,  in  an  hour  of  trial,  and  with  a  mutual  confidence  thus  sus- 
tained, there  was  no  fear  of  failure.  The  battle  had  been  raging 
all  the  afternoon,  and  our  advantages  were  btft  small,  if  indeed, 
they  could  be  called  advantages  at  all.  Our  lines  had  been  held  in 
check.  Brigade  after  brigade  had  been  led  rapidly  forward,  and  as 
rapidly  repulsed  ;  and  some  of  them  driven  from  the  field.  The 
fate  of  the  day,  which  was  almost  at  a  close,  now  depended  upon 
©no  single  bold  dash,  that  would  break  and  penetrate  the  enemy's 
front,  and  throw  his  lines  in  confusion.  "VVe  could  afford  to  hazard 
the  destiny  of  one  of  our  best  officers  in  the  dreadful  attempt.  It 
was  made  and  done.  The  shout  of  victory  was  first  heard  in  the 
4th  Texas,  under  Hood's  command.  And  we  may  here  say,  that  no 
one  doubted  the  bravery  of  Colonel  Marshall,  who  fell  just  as  the 
charge  begun.  Nor  did  they  question  the  gallantry  of  their  daring 
Major,  Bradfute  Warwick,  who  fell  mortally  wounded,  soon  after 
they  had  stormed  and  taken  the  first  breast-works.  But  every  one 
knows,  that  the  presence  of  an  officer  high  in  command,  nerves  the 
men  to  almost  super-human  exertions  in  an  hour  like  this. 

And  it  was  again  necessary  on  the  plains  of  Manassas  that  some 
one  should  stand  forth  upon  the  field,  whose  .proud  spirit  and  noble 
bearing  would  inspire  each  officer  and  man  with  the  perfect  assur- 
ance of  victory.  And  for  this  high,  though  dangerous  position,  the 
General  commanding  again  selects  General  Hood,  who  performed 
the  duty  assigned  with  great  satisfaction,  and  filled  the  most  san- 
guine expectations  of  all  upon  the  fieid. 

But  in  thus  presenting  the  noble  part  which  this  officer  acted  on 


85 

the  Plains  of  Manassas,  we  would  not  detract  from  one  of  the  gal- 
lant officers  who  were  in  command,  nor  from  a  single  soldier  the 
praise  due  to  his  valor.  For  the  whole  army,  with  the  fewest  ex- 
ceptions, did  their  duty  on  this  day.  For  the  very  thought  of  the 
presence  of  the  spirits  of  fallen  brothers,  who  bled  on  this  field  a 
year  a?:o,  and  over  whose  graves  we  now  tread,  was  sufficient  to 
make  each  man  a  giant  in  the  fight.  And  each  one  will  be  held  in 
rememberance  by  a  grateful  country  for  the  part  which  he  so  nobly 
acted.  And  even  the  scars  received  will  not,  like  the  mark  on  Cain, 
point  them  out  as  monsters  to  the  world,  but  make  them  respected 
wherever  they  may  go. 

Thus  the  day  ended,  and  so  did  the  second  battte  of  Manassas, 
after  three  days  bloody  conflict,  and  with  as  much  honor  to  our 
arms  as  on  last  year.  And  August  30th,  1862,  will  be  written  by 
the  historian  with  as  much  pride  to  our  countiy  as  July  21st,  1861. 

Jackson's  victory  on  the  north  side  of  the  Piko^was  quite  as 
complete  as  our  own,  and  our  victorious  army  slept  beyond  the 
battle-field,  near  the  Sudley  Ford  road. 

The  brave  and  gallant  Upton,  Lieut.  Colonel  of  the  5th,  was  left 
dead  upon  the  field.  He  did  his  duty  on  both  da}-s  of  the  fight. — 
His  loss  is  deeply  felt.  Lieut.  Colonel  Ruff  and  Majer  Griffis,  of 
the  18th  Georgia,  were  wTmnded.  Col.  Robertson,  of  the  5th  Texas, 
was  also  severely  wounded,  while  leading  his  regiment  far  out  upon 
the  field. 

Co!.  Woffbrd,  of  the  18th  Georgia,  Lieut.  Col.  Work,  1st  Texas, 
and  '  ieut.  Col-  Garey,  of  the  Hampton  Legion,  being  in  command 
of  their  respective  regiments,  deserve  the  highest  praise  for  their 
coolness  and  braver)'.  Lieut.  Col.  Carter,  in  command  of  the  4tii 
Texas,  had  an  opportunity  to  show  his  value  as  an  officer  upon  the 
field;  and  to  his  gallantry  maybe  attributed,  in  a  great  degree, 
the  brilliant  dash  made  upon  the  battery  of  six  gtftM,  five  of  which 
were  captured  bjr  his  regiment.  And  we  would  again  call  to  mind 
the  conduct  of  Major  Townsend,  who-e  bravery  amounted  almost 
to  recklessness  at  the  time  the  charge  was  made  upon  these  gun-; 
and  being  wounded,  the  regiment  lost  his  services  during  the  re- 
mainder of  the  day.  Capt.  Hunter,  while  leading  his  company  for- 
ward upon  the  same  battery,  received  a  serious  wound,  which,  al- 
though dangerous,  was   not  mortal.     But   those  who   were   not 


8« 

wounded  deserve  equal  praise  with  those  who  were  more  unfortu- 
nate. Among  whom  were  Captains  Winkler,  Cunningham,  Bassett, 
Martin,  Darden,  Brandon,  Barziza,  (who  received  a  slight  wound, 
in  the  arm,)  and  also  Lieut.  McLaurin  and  Dugan,  who  were  in 
command  of  their  respective  companies.  I  woald  love  to  give  the 
names  of  all  the  subordinate  officers  and  privates  who  fought  60 
gallantry.  But  the  limits  of  the  present  work  will  not  allow  me 
that  pleasure.  But  as  the  conduct  of  our  whole  brigade,  as  well  as 
that  of  Col.  J  aw's  Brigade,  ^  better  described  by  Gen.  Hood,  un- 
der whose  eye  they  fought,  I  content  myself  by  giving  it  in  his 
Own  language  ;  and  this  short  sentence  says  all  that  good  officers 
and  brave,  men  could  ask.  After  speaking  of  the  trophies  which 
they  won  upon  the  field,  he  adds,  "As  to  their  gallantry  and  un- 
flinching courage,  they  stand  unsurpassed  in  the  history  of  the 
world." 

The  trophiqp  won  are  justly  distributed  among  the  regiments  as 
follows:  Hampton  Legion,  three  stands  of  colors ;  18th  Georgia, 
two ;  5th  Texas,  four ;  and  the  4th  Texas,  two,  and  five  pieces  of 
artillery.  This  battery,  commanded  by  Capt.  Curran,  had  volun- 
teered under  a  call  on  that  morning  to  support  the  Zouaves  and 
Regulars,  .in  their  attack  on  the  Texas  Brigade.  The  commander 
of  which  remarked  to  one  of  our  men,  while  he  lay  mortally  wound- 
ed, "  I  promised  to  drive  you  back  or  die  by  my  guns,  and  I  have  t 
kept  my  word."  And  so  he  had,  for  when  the  men  returned  from 
the  charge,  he  lay  dead  under  one  cf  his  guns.  This  officer  had  a 
heart  and  a.  courage  worthy  of  a  better  cause.  Colonel  Law's  Bri- 
gade captured  one  gun  and  three  stands  of  colors,  making  in  all  six 
guns  and  fourteen  stands  of  colors,  captured  by  Hood's  Division. 

But  it  becomes  my  painful  duty,  after  recording  the  history  of 
these  regiments,  and  the  glory  of  our  arms  upon  this  day,  also  to> 
open  to  the  reader  the 

CHAPTER  OF  OUR  MISFORTUNE. 

Yes,  we  must  be  sad  in  the  midst  of  joy.  For  after  we  have 
scattered  and  driven  the  enemy  in  broken  masses  over  the  hills 
and  beyond  the  stream,  we  must  look  back  over  ground  which  was 
marked  by  blood  and  fire  at  every  step.  Many  of  our  officers,  who 
were  never  absent  from  their  post,  and  men  that  were  never  known 


to  flinch  from  the  fight,  are  not  to  be  seen.  The  roll  is  called,  and 
the  "marks"  run  up.  and  it  is  found  that  one- half  of  our  men  ar» 
gone.  They  are  left  upon  the  field,  scattered  from  this  spot  to  the 
place  where  the  fight  begun — a  distance  of  myre  than  two  miles. 
Some  are  dead  an<^  others  are  bleeding.  And  to  form  an  idea  of 
this  horrible  day,  you  have  but  to  imagine  a  field  cxcr  which  the 
sword  has  flashed,  and  fifty  thousand  bayonets  have  bristled  the 
hills  from  morning  till  night,  and  as  many  rifles  poured  their  vol- 
leys of  lead,  while  a  perfect  storm  of  iron  hail  rained  all  over  the 
ground.  Its  extent  from  north  to  south  is  about  three  miles,  by 
two  in  width.  This  done,  and  you  have  the  field  over  which  death 
rode  in  his  chariots  of  fire,  and  held  his  conquering  reign  August 
28th,  29th  and  30th,  1862. 

Our  entire  loss  is  supposed  to  amount  to  about  six  thousand, 
in  killed  and  wounded ;  but  the  loss  of  the  enemy  is  astonishgly 
greater — thirty  thousand  at  least  in  killed,  wounded  and  prisoners. 
Of  this  we  have  the  means  of  positively  knowing;  for  we  were 
left  in  entire  possession  of  the  field,  and,  consequently,  of  the  kill- 
ed and  wounded  on  both  6ides. 

On  the  next  day,  after  the  killed  and  wounded  had  been  cared 
for,  the  march  was  continued  to  the  Sudley  Ford,  and  from  thence 
to  the  Leesburg  Pike,  three  miles  from  Germantown.  Here  Geo. 
A.  P.  Hill,  on  Monday,  completed  the  work  of  a  battle  which  I 
may  say  begun  at  a  distance  of  fifty  miles  from  this  place,  and 
lasted  for  twenty  days — for  from  August  9th  to  Sept.  1st,  the  work 
went  on.  Here  we  remained  until  next  evening — the  object  being 
to  cut  oft'  the  enemy's  trains  and  harrass  his  rear;  but  their  good 
Bpeed  enabled  them  to  save  the  greater  portion.  Yet  the  whole 
line  was  strewed  with  abandoned  guns,  caissons,  wagons,  ambu-. 
lances,  commissary  and  quartermaster's  stores,  ordinance  of  every 
kind,  and  small  arms|of  every  pattern — knapsacks,  cartridge-boxes, 
canteens,  haversacks,  blankets,  overcoats,  camp-kettles,  tin  cups, 
and  frying  pans  at  almost  every  step  in  their  splendid  race  from 
Groveton  to  the  Stone  Bridge,  and  for  miles  beyond. 

MARYLAND  CAMPAIGN. 

After  reaching  Drainsville,  we  found  we  had  accomplished  about 
all  we  could  expect  in  that  direction.     But  there  was  another  field 


88 

for  op*  ration,  and  a  part  of  the  army  was  already  wending  its  way 
in  that  direction.  So  we  were  faced  about,  and  passing  through 
and  beyond  Leesburg  about  four  miles,  we  came  to  White's  lord? 
and  crossed  the  Potomac  into  Maryland. 

Sept.  Gtli. — Passing  through  Buckeystown,  we  arrived  at  the 
Monocracy  river,  at  the  crossing  of  the  Baltimore  k  Ohio  Railroad. 
Here  also  is  Hie  junction  of  the  Frederick  road.  The  command 
was  halted  here  for  two  days ;  for  we  were  now  in  supporting  dis- 
tance of  Jackson,  who  had  goue  above  for  the  purpose  of  falling 
upon  Harper's  Ferry.  And  to  prevent  McClellan  from  reinforcing 
the  enemy  at  that  place,  and  also  from  moving  upon  Jackson's  rear, 
we  had  been  sent  forward  to  occupy  this  line.  While  here,  the 
bo}\s  amused  themselves  in  blowing  up  the  splendid  Railroad  bridge 
across  the  river,  which  must  have  cost  thousands  of  dollars.  From 
thence  we  moved  through  Frederick  city,  Boonsboro,  and  on  to  the 
vicinity  of  Hagerstown. 

ENGAGEMENT   AT  BOONSBORO  GAP. 

On  the  morning  of  the  I4th,  we  moved  back  to  Boonsboro 
Gap,  or  South  Mountain,  a  distance  of  thirteen  miles.  Arriving 
between  3  and  4,  P.  M.,  we  found  that  General  1).  II.  Hill  had  al- 
re:ei\  D4  un  the  engagement,  with  a  heavy  body  of  the  enemy,  who 
were  aiming  to  reinforce  Miles  at  the  Ferry.  General  Hood  took 
up  his  position  on  the  left  of  the  Pike,  but  was  soon  ordered  to 
move  to  the  right,  as  the  troops  on  that  part  of  the  field  were  giv- 
ing way  to  superior  numbers.  On  his  march  to  the  right,  he  met 
General  Drayton  coming  out,  saying  the  enemy  had  succeeded  in 
passing  to  his  rearj  At  this  information,  Hood  immediately  in- 
clined his  command  still  farther  to  the  right,  over  a  rugged  coun- 
try, and  hastily  put  his  men  in  position  to  receive  them.  Soon  he 
ordered  the  two  Brigades  forward  with  fixed  bayonets.  The  or- 
der was  promptly  obeyed,  and  our  lines  restored  upon  the  ground, 
which  lad  been  lost  Night  coming  on,  prevented  farther  pursuit. 
We  lost  but  wry  few  ;  yet  had  foiled  the  enemy  in  his  effort  with 
seventy-five  thousand  men,  to  relieve  Miles  at  Harper's  Ferry. 

SIIARPSBURG. 
Soon  after  night,  orders  were  received  to  withdraw  from  his  po- 


89 

sition.  All  our  forces  were  to  fall  backin.thc  direction  of  Sharps- 
burg,  or  Antietam  river ;  and  we  were  again  to  act  as  the  rear 
guard  of  the  array.  But  there  was  little  or  no  annoyance  on  the 
march.  Arriving  on  the  heights  beyond  the  Antietam  river,  near 
the  Town  of  Sharpsburg,  about  noon  on  the  15th,  we  took  posi- 
tion on  the  right  of  the  road  leading  to  Boonsboro.  But,  as  it  was 
found  that  the  enemy  was  threatening  an  immediate  attack  on  the 
other  flank,  we  were  ordered  to  move  to  the  extreme  left,  and 
take  position  on  the  Hagerstown  road,  near  St.  Mamma  Church. — 
Here  we  remained,  under  the  shot  and  shell  of  the  enemy,  until 
near  sunset,  on  the  evening  of  the  16th,  at  which  time  the  enemy 
made  a  vigorous  attack  upon  our  left.  They  had  crossed  in  great 
force  higher  up  the  Antietam,  at  Smoketown.  Hood's  Division, 
of  two  small  Brigades,  were  all  the  troops  in  this  portion  of  the 
field.  Yet  he  succeeded  in  checking,  and  then  in  driving  them 
back  for  some  distance,  when  night  put  an  end  to  the  contc>t. — 
During  the  njght.  General  Jackson's  troops  having  arrived,  they 
were  thrown  to  our  left,  and  at  almost  a  right  angle  with  our  line, 
and  with  a  space  of  some  little  distance  between  our  left,  and  his 
right ;  Ins  line  facing  west,  and  ours  north. 

The  office! s  and  men  of  this  Division,  having  been  without  food 
for  three  days,  except  half  rations  of  beef  and  green  corn,  General 
Lawton,  with  two  Brigades,  was  ordered  to  relieve  us,  that  we 
might  have  a  chance  to  cook.  On  the  morning  of  the  17th,  the 
firing  commenced  at  3  o'clock,  along  the  line  of  General  Lawton. 
At  0,  A.  M  ,  General  Hood  received  notice  from  him,  that  he 
would  need  all  the  aid  he  could  render,  in  order  to  hol;l  the  posi- 
tion. In  a  few  minutes,  another  courier  arrived,  and  informed 
him  that  General  Lawton  was  wounded,  and  he  must  mn.t'.r- 
ward  immediately  and  take  the  command.  His  men  were  ready 
for  the  word,  and  were  instantly  moved  out  upon  the  field,  where 
they  met  the  advancing  lines  of  an  immense  force,  consisting  of 
not  less  than  two  entire  Corps  of  their  army;  and  neeording  to 
their  own  statements,  were  soon  reinforced  by  several  Brigades. 

"Here,"  says  General  Hood,  "  I  witnessed  the  most  terrible" 
clash  of  arms,  by  far,  that  has  occurred  during  the  war."  A  little^ 
wqjld  of  artillery  was  turned  loose  upon  us— and  the  line  of  tlKur 
shot  and  shell  screaming,  blazing  and  bursting  as  they  tlew,  made 


90 

a  perfect  net  work  in  their  passage  through  the  air.  "  And  here," 
■ays  lie,  "the  two  little  giant  Brigades  of  my  command,  wrestled 
with  the  mighty  force,  and  although  they  lost  hundreds  of  t'heir 
officers  and  men,  they  drove  them  from  their  position,  and  forced 
them  to  abandon  their  guns  on  our  left." 

Thus  the  battle  raged  furiously  until  9  o'clock.  The  enemy  had 
been  driven  some  four  or  five  hundred  yards  by  this  little  band  of 
gallant  men.  But,  fighting  at  right  angels,  w  ith  our  general  line 
of  battle,  it  afforded  the  enemy  an  opportunity  to  pour  a  heavy 
fire  into  the  right  and  rear  of  Colonel  Law's  Brigade,  which  made 
it  necessary  for  the  Division  to  move  to  the  left  and  rear,  into  the 
woods,  to  close  Up  the  unoccupied  space.,  between  our  left  and 
Jackson's  right,  at  the  angle  of  the  two  lines,  near  the  St.  Mumma 
Church.  And  especially  was  this  move  necessary,  as  Jackson  had 
moved  the  troops  from  his  right  flank,  without  our  knowledge, 
thereby  leaving  our  left  entirely  exposed.  Moving  back  near  the 
Church,  they  formed  and  held  thMr  position  bravely  until 
10.30,  A.M  .,  when  General  McLaws  arrived  with  his  command, 
which,  being  formed,  was  immediately  thrown  forward  upon 
the  field,  and  becoming  engaged,  Hood's  Division  was  with- 
drawn to  the  rear,  to  replenish  their  cartridge  boxes.  At  noon 
they  returned,  and  were  ordered  to  form  in  rear  of  the  Church, 
and  hold  their  ground,  which  they  did,  until  about  4,  P.  M.,  when 
the  Division  moved  to  the  right,  near  the  centre,  and  there  re- 
mained until  the  night  of  the  18th.  During  the  day,  we  waited 
their  advance,  bu<;  they  did  not  move.  Two  or  three  guns  were 
fired,  as  a  challenge  to  the  contest,  but  still  they  did  not  come — 
They  had  received  a  shock,  so  severe,  and  lost  so  many  officers  and 
men,  that  they  were  not  willing  to  hazzard  another  attempt. — 
And  they  felt  so  proud  that  they  had  not  been  run  entirely  off  the 
field  as  usual,  they  were  perfectly  willing  to  make  the  child's  bar- 
gain with  us — "  I'll  let  you  alone,  if  you'll  let  me  alone."  They 
knew  from  their  facility  at  lying,  that  they  could  manufacture  a 
splendid  victory  out  of  the  fight,  and  not  fire  another  gun,  not- 
withstanding we  had  waited  all  day,  and  challenged  them  to  renew 
the  fight.  And,  sure  enough,  they  have  so  published  it  to  the 
world.  But  it  is  like  those  splendid  victories  won  by  McClellan, 
around  Richmond — and  by  Pope,  at  Manassas. 


91 

*       HOOD   SENDS  FOR  AID. 

On  the  morning  of  the  17th,  Major,.  Blanton  was  despatched  to 
Generaf  D.  H.  Hill,  to  ask  for  troops  to  assist  in  holding  the  left 
of  our  position,  but  he  returned  a  negative  reply — u  He  had  no 
troops  to  spare.'*  Again  and  again,  General  Hood  sent  for  aid, 
while  his  little  devoted  band  of  heroes  were  struggling  with  the 
many  thousands  of  the  enemy,  who  were  pouring  in,  in  a  constant 
flood.  In  hopes  of  aid,  liiey  held  their  ground,  and  even  drove 
them  back  over  the  fiefd,  long  after  every  prospect  to  the  eye  of 
the  observer  of  their  final  success  had  fled.  They  were  frequent- 
ly cheered  with  the  indefinite  promise,  t;  You  will  be  reinforced 
goon,  hold  on  a  little  longer."  They  had  never  been  beaten  upon 
the-field,  and  knew  not  how  to  give  up  the  ground.  •  They  were 
out-numbered,  twenty  to  one.  But  there  they  stood,  amid  the 
etorm  of  death,,  until  they  became  the  astonishment  and  admira- 
tion of  their  enemies.  And  in  their  report  of  the  fight,  they  pay 
this  Division,  the  following  well  earned  tribute  of  praise  : 

From  the  New  York  "Herald,"  Sept.  20th. 

11  General  Ricketts  at  once  assumed  command.  But  our  victo- 
rious movement  had  lost  its  impulse.  Our  right  had  advanced 
and  s\#?pt  across  the  field  so  far,  that  its  front,  originally,  almost 
in  a  line  with  the  front  of  the  centre  and  left,  formed  almost  a 
right  angle  with  them.  While  our  lines  rather  faltered,  the  rebels 
made  a  sudden  and  impulsive  onset,  and  tilrove  dir  gallant  fellows 
back  over  a  part  of  the  hard  won  field.  What  we  had  won,  how- 
ever, was  not  to  be  relinquished  without  a  desperate  struggle.  And 
here,  up  the  hills  and  down  through  woods  and  standing  corn,  over 
the  plowed  land  and  the  clover,"  the  line  of  fire  swept  to  and  fro,  as 
one  side  or  the  other  gained  a  temporary  advantage.  ^  *  It  is 
beyond  all  wonder,  how  men,  such  as  these  rebel  troops  are — can 
fight  as  they  do.  That  those  ragged  and  filthy  wretches,  sick, 
hungry,  and,  in  all  ways  miserable,  should  prove  such  heroes  in  the 
fight,  is  past  explanation.  Men  never  fought  better.  There  was 
one  regiment  that  stood  up  before  the  fire  of  two  or  three  of  our 
long  range  batteries,  and  two  regiments  of  infantry.  And  though 
he  air  was  vocal  with  the  whistle  of  bullets  and  the  scream  of 


92 

shells,  there  they  stood,  and  delivered  their  fire  in  perfect  order." 
As  to  the  regiments  here  refered  to,  it  will  detract  nothing  from 
the  honor  of  our  troops,  to  tell  the  reader  that  this  was  our  whole 
Brigade.  Numbering  in  all,  when  this  fight  begun,  only  eight 
hundred  and  fifty-four  men.  Not  the  number  of  one  full  regiment. 
The_y  had  passed  through  so  many  battles,  that  regiments  looked 
like  companies,  and  brigades  looked  like  regiments.  Yet,  small  as 
they  were,  they  did  the  work  of  strong-dull  commands. 

The  great  misfortune  on  that  daj'  was,  that  our  higher  officers 
did  not  discover  in  time,  that  it  was  on  this"  part  of  the  field,  that 
the  enemy  had  staked  the  fortunes  of  the  day.  Of  this,  they 
could  not  be  convinced,  though  frequently  advised  by  General  Hood 
and  Staff,  that  they  were  moving  in  sight,  and  in  tremendous 
force.  And  in  connection  with  this  matter,  General  Hood  remark- 
ed, that  he  was  "  thoroughly  of  the  opinion,  that  the  victory  of  that 
day,  would  have  been  as  thorough,  quick  and  complete,  as  on  the 
Plains  of  Manassas,  on  the  30th  of  August,  if  General  MeClaws 
had  reached  the  field  with  his  men,  even  as  late  as  9  o'clock.'1— ;• 
The  reasons  for  his  tardiness,  we  hope,  will  be  satisfactory,  when 
he  renders  his  report.  But,  if  he  moved  carelessly  up,  stopping  at 
the  river  and  loosing  two  hours,  as  we  are  told  he  did,  waiting  for 
his  men  fo  strip  and  roll  up  their  clothes,  to  prevent  getting  them 
wet,  and  then  halting  for  some  time,  for  them  to  make  their  toilette 
on  the  other  side,  not  only  the  loud  condemnation  of  a  country, 
which  had,  in  part,  entrusted  him  with  its  destiny,  should  fall  upon 
him,  but  the  strong  arm  of  the  law  should  take  hold,  and  by  one 
way  or  another,  remove  him  from  a  position,  in  which  he  is  able  to 
jeopardize  her  future  weal.  This  is  not  the  first  time  that  a  single 
man  has  thwarted  the  plans  of  a  great  army,  and  made  its  victory 
only  half  complete. 

EVACUATION  OF  MARYLAND. 

On  the  evening  of  the  18th,  we  received  orders  to  recross  the 
Potomac.  Our  march  to  and  across  the  river  was  undisturbed. — 
This,  of  itself,  will  show  to  the  world  the  nature  of  McClellan's 
victory.  And  if  he  had  beaten  and  driven  us,  as  he  publishes,  why 
did  he  allow  us  to  pass  quietly  away,  after  holding  the  field  a  whole 
day  and   night  ?     Why  did  he  not  follow  our  army  as  we  did  his, 


93 

near  Richmond,  forcing  him  to  turn  and  fight,  to  save  his  routed 
men  ? 

We  had  accomplished  our  object,  as  far  as  we  were  able,  and,  of 
course,  were  ready  to  return. .  Harper's  Ferry  had  fallen,  and  its 
rich  prizes  were  ours.  They,  it  is  true,  expected  us  to  move  against 
Washington,  Philadelphia  and  Baltimore;  and  whether  we  would 
capture  one  or  all  of  them,  they  could  not  tell.  But  we  had  started 
out  for  Harper's  Ferry,  and  as  much  else  as  circumstances  would  al- 
low us  to  accomplish.  And  having  won  it,  we  saw  that  the  magni- 
tude of  further  invasion  was  greater  than  our  preparations,  and  wo 
returned  to  await  another  "on  to  Richmond."  Our  loss  will  not 
exceed  seven  thousand  men,  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing,  while 
McClellan's  friends  set  down  his  killed  and  wounded  at  fourteen 
thousand  seven  hundred  and  ninety-six,  up  to  the  18th.  And, 
by  adding  about  two  thousand  for  the  mimber  that  were  slaughter- 
ed and  drowned,  in  attempting  to  follow  us  across  the  river,  and 
thirteen  thousand  killed  and  captured  by  Jacksou  on  the  14th  and 
15th  instants,  you  can  see  whether  our  Maryland  campaign 
was  a  failure  or  not.  The  sum  total  of  their  loss  in  men,  is 
twenty-nine  thousand  seven  hundred  and  ninety -six ;  and  in  prop- 
erty we  captured  seventy-three  pieces  of  artillery,  fou^een  thou- 
sand muskets,  great  quantities  of  ammunition  of  every  kind,  and 
finest  quality,  with  quartermaster's  and  medicine  stores  to  the 
amount  of  thousands  of  dollars,  and  two  hundred  wagons,  with 
fine  teams,  all  in  harness  made  by  Yankee  labor,  with  which  to 
haul  the  other  property  away.  And  so  ends  the  brilliant  campaign 
of  twelve  days  across  the  Potomac. 

It  is  due  to  the  memory  of  those  who  fell,  either  killed  or  wound- 
ed, that  their  names  be  written  and  preserved  for  the  pen  of  the 
historian,  who  will  write  them  with  other  fallen  sons  of  the  South, 
and  that  Texas  may  see  that  her  brave  n^n  were  at  their  post 
when  her  honor  and  her  liberty  called  for  a  sacrifice  of  blood.  Wc 
.have  given  them  a  place.     (See  appendix.) 

HOSPITAL  ARRANdKMENTS. 

Having  been  left  at  Richmond  to  build  and  furnish  a  Hospital 
Ward  for  the  sick  and  wounded  of  our  regiment,  it  was  not  my 
pleasure  to  participate  in  the  trials  and  marche*  of  this  brilliant 


94      » 

Campaign.  It  was  expected  that  the  wounded  especially  would  bo 
sent  to  me  tbere  ;  but  ascertaining  that  orders  had  Been  issued  af* 
ter  the  battle  of  Manassas  Plains,  by  the  Surgeon  General,  that  the 
wounded  should  be  stopped  at  Warrenton,  Gordonsvdle  and  Char- 
lottesville, we  immediately  set*out  for  those  places;  but  on  visit- 
ing the  two  last  named  places,  and  finding  but  few,  and  they  well 
cared  for,  we  continued  on  to  Warrenton,  where  we  found  quite  a 
number  of  each  of  the  Texas  Regiments.  They  had  been  quarter- 
ed by  Dr.  Fennell,  immediately  alter  the  battle,  and  were  as  plea- 
santly situated  as  circumstances  would  permit.  For  the  number  of 
wounded  was  so  great,  that  their  wants  extended  beyond  the  ca- 
pacity of  the  town.  After  being  with  them  five  days,  and  doing 
for  them  as  much  as  we  could,  the  Doctor  and  myself  left  to  take 

A  STROLL  OVER,  THE  RENOWNED  FIELD 

on  which  we  had  won  two  great  victories,  and  had  so  many  of  our 
men  killed  and  wounded.  A  trajn  of  ambulances  was  going  down 
to  gather  up  a  few  of  the  wounded,  who  had  been  1-eft  at  private 
houses,  and  60  we  had  the  pleasure  of  a  ride  to  the  field.  When 
we  reached  the  place  where  the  line  of  battle  had  been  formed,  we 
left  the  ambulance  and  begun  our  walk,  following  the  l;ne  over 
wh  ch  our  Brigade  had  fought  or^both  days  of  the  battle.  There 
were  a  thousand  objects  of  interest  yet  to  be  seen.  We  could 
easily  see  where  the  two  armies  had  met,  and  track  them  by  the 
marks  of  shot  upon  the  trees,  and  the  graves  upon  the  ground.— 
There  were  yet  many  bodies  of  the  fallen  enemy  unburied,  and  the 
hands  and  feet  and  heads  of  others  were  exposed.  The  air  was 
foul  upon  the  field,  and'  for  a  great  distance  around.  You  could, 
mark  the  spots  where  the  batteries  had  stood,  by  dead  horses  and 
the  graves  of  men.  From  tie  discharge  of  the  guns  the  grass  had 
been  fired  and  burnefl  over  tire  ground.  On  that  portion  where 
our  gallant  boys  had  met  the  Zouaves,  the  dead  lay  thick,  and  es- 
pecially on  that  portion  where  the  5th  Texas  fought.  And  passing 
on  to  an  eminence  in  the  field,  my  attention  was  arrested  by  two 
boards  standing  at  the  head  of  one  grave.  And  on  approaching  it, 
I  read  on  one  Niles  Fossett,  and-on  the  other  James  Thomas.  Brave 
boys — they  belonged  to  the  same  company,  were  from  the  same 
town,  had  marchad  hundreds  of  -miles,  and  fought  through  several 


95 

battles  together,  fallen  side  by  side  before  the  same  gun,  died  upon 
the  same  spot,  and  now  sleep  in  the  same  grave.  We  passed  on 
and  around,  and  at  last  came  back  to  the  Peach  Grove  Farm,  where 
Jackson  had  left  the  enemy  in  swaths  upon  the  ground.  But  the 
declining  sun  admonished  us  to  be  going,  or  else  we  could  not  reach 
the  house  of  Mrs.  Hunton — that  good  w^mian  under  whose  care 
Major  Townsend  and  Captain  Hunter  were  being  healed.  On  the 
next  day  we  returned  to  Warrenton,  and  there  learned  that  a  part 
(four)  of  the  ambulances  that  had  gone,  down  with  us  had  been 
captured.  And  we  also  learned,  that  while  we  were  leisurely 
walking  over  the  field,  and  interesting  ourselves  with  all  tlfe  brok- 
en reiics  of  that  blood-stained  ground,  that  the  "sinners"  were 
on  both  sides,  and,  at  one  time,  within  a  few  hundred  yards. of  us. 
It  was  too  late  then  to  become  frightened  ;  but  I  must  confess  that 
it#lid  even  at  that  time  make  me  feel  a  little  wild,  and,  especially 
bo,  when  I  remembered  that  I  had  no  arms  of  defence,  that  was 
much  better  than  a  goose-quill  tooth-pick. 

Soon  after  reaching  the  village,  I  heard  that  General  Longstreet 
had  had  another  engagement ;  and  I  felt  certain  that  if  he  had,  our 
Brigade  had  borne  their  part,  and  so  I  immediately  determined  to 
50  on  in  that  direction,  and  look  after. the  condition  of  the  wound- 
ed. During  the  evening  I  made  every  -effort, to  procure  convey- 
ance, but  was  unsuccessful.  The  next  morning  a  man  promised  to 
take  me  on  ;  and  aboujt  10,  A.  M.,  I  left  for  Winchester.  But  we 
had  gone  but  a  short  distance,  w lien*  the  Yankee  news  from  ahead 
became  so  thick  and- strong,  that  he,  after  telling  me  how  much  he 
thought  of  me,  told  me  he  would  go  my  way  no  farther,  and  set 
me  afoot.  That  evening  I  made  eighteen  miles,  ani  the  next  day, 
Sunday  as'it  was,  I  made  twenty  five  miles,  which  brought  me  to 
Winchester  a  little  before  sunsef.  I  had  narrowly  escaped  the 
enemy's  stealing  party  a  second  time.  For  by  the  time  1  reached 
the  town,  they  had  possession  of  Paris  in  my  rear,— a  little  village 
at  the  gap  in  the  Blue  Ridge,  which  I  had  passed  in  the  day.  Th«-y 
made- a  dash  at  our  cavalry  that  were  stationed  there,  and  fright- 
ened them  off,  and  captured  their  baggage.  But  it  would  have 
made  but  little  difference  if  they  had  captured  the  men  too,  for 
they  were  no  account,  or  they  would  not  have  been  surprised  in 
this  manner. 


m 

"W  hen  I  got  within  half  a  mile  of  "Winchester,  I  met  about  fifteen 
of  our  nun  returning,  wounded,  from  Maryland.  This  was  the 
i\r>t  direct  word  received  of  their  light,'  and  I  believe  both  parties 
glad  to  see  each  other.  I  directed  them  to  camp,  some  where 
near,  as  they  were  looking  for  a  place  where  they  could  have  their 
wounds  dressed,  get  something  to  eat,  and  have  a  place  to  lie 
down.  Stopping  at  a  private  house  until  morning,  I  wCnt  to  the 
surgeon  of  the  post,  and  he  had  the  door  of  the  basement  of  the 
M.  E.  Church,  South,  opened  for  me.  Going  to  work.  I  had  it  ar- 
ranged as  soon  as  possible,  and  here  received  our  men  of  all  the 
Texas  Regiments  as  they  came.     It  was  not  long  before  the  news 

reached  the  other  hospitals  and  sick  camps  in  the  neighborhood 

And  at  the  end  of  the  Gth  day,  we  had  a  hundred  and  ninety-four 
of  our  Brigade.  True,  about  twenty  of  tins  number  were  not  of 
the  Texas  Regiments,  but  they  were  of  the  18th  Georgia,  w4io 
werr  in  our  Brigade,  and  having  been  so  pleasant  in  the  camp,  and 
behaved  so  gallantly  in  the  fight,  and,  in  fact,  sometimes  calling 
themselves  the  3d  Texas,  they  felt  like  our  own  boys,  and  we  took 
them  iiu  And  if  there  had  been  room,  I  should. have  taken  the 
Wt  '.unled  of  the  Hampton  Region,  another  gallant  regiment  from 
Palmetto  State,  who  are  also  in  our  Brigade.  For  they  havo 
ever  behaved  like  true  sons  of  the  South,  when  fighting  was  to  be 
clone.  Brave  as  Spartans  and  true  as  steel,  they  are  winning  honors 
for  South  Carolina.  • 

I  need  not  say  how  glad  the  men  were,  with  the  prospect  of  at- 
tention. .  It  was  with  great  difficulty  that  we  were  able  to  procure 
the  necessary  appliances.  For  there  were  so  many  coming  in  to  be 
accommodated. 

VISIT  TO  THE  CAMP. 

On  the  2Gth  inst.,  learning  that  the  army  had  moved  back  to 
within  six  mile^  of  the  town,  I  went  out  and  had  the  pleasure  of 
seeing  those  of  my  old  regiihent,  that  were  left,  after  marching 
several  hundred  miles,  and  passing  through  the  fire  of  six  days,  in 
battle.  The  men  looked  worn  and  tired.  Their  clothes  were 
ragged,  and  many  of  their  feet  were  bare ;  and  in  their  coats,  pants 
and  hats  could  be  seen  many  marks  of  the«bullet.  They  had  many 
times  performed  long  marches,  and  fought  hard  battles,  without  ra- 


E.D.  FRANCIS 


>l 


tiorrs.  The  weather  was  warm  and  dry,  and  the  dust  had  settled 
thick  over  their  clothes.  But  they  were  cheerful  and  lively/and 
as  resolved  to  fight  to  the  bitter  end  as  when  wading  the  swamps 
of  Louisiana,  to  get  to  Virginia.  After  such  an  arduous  campaign, 
I  expected  to  see  them  worn  down  and  somewhat  discouraged  j  but 
in  this  I  was  agreeably  disappointed.  They  had  marched  long  and 
fought  hard — they  had  buried  many  comrades  on  different  fields; 
but  that  same  unconquerable  spirit,  gleaming  through  every  fea- 
ture of  the  face,  and  speaking  in  every  act  they  performed,  stood 
forth  as  defiant  as  when  the  first  blast  of  the  bugle  was  heard. — 
They  had  believed  that  "  a  people  could  never  be  conquered  who 
were  determined  to  be  free,"  and  the^y  believe  so  yet. 

REVIEW. 

October  7th  and  8th,  I  was  again  in  the  camp,  and  Gen'Is  Long- 
street  and  Hood  were  reviewing  the  trjops.  t)n  the  8th,  as  I  sat 
looking  on,  while  one  regiment  after  another  passed  in  review, 
(eighteen  in  aJl,)  I  saw  one  flag,  in  which  were  many  holes,  made 
by  the  bullets  of  the  enemy.  I  watched  it  until  it  .had  gone  some 
distance  past.  For  it  was  a  matter  of  great  interest  to  me,  to  see 
an, object  upon  which  the  history  of  the  recent  battles  was  so 
plainly  and  truthfully  written.  From  the.  manly  step  of  the  Ensign, 
one  could  easily  see  that  he  was  proud  of  his  colors.  It  was  a 
"Lone  Star"  flag,  and  belonged  to  the  5th,  and,  after  the  parade, 
I  learned  that  it  had  been  pierced  forty-seven  times,  and  seven  en- 
signs had  fallen  under  it.  By  the  time  I  turned  from  looking  after 
it,  another  was  passing  me.  I  knew  it.  It  was  an  old  acquaint- 
ance. Many  times  had  I  seen  it  on  dress-parade,  but  never  with 
such  mingled  feelings  of  pride  and  sorrow.  It  called  to  mind  all 
the  hardships  and  sufferings,  fire  and  blood  through  which  we  had 
passed.  It  was  made  and  presented  by  Miss  Loo  la  Wig  fall  to  Col. 
Hood,  for  the  4th,  with  the  motto 

"  Fear  not,  for  I  am  with  thee.     Say  to  the  North  give  up,  and  to  tho  tfonth, 

keep  not  back," 

which  was  graven  on  the  spear-head.  Nine  Ensigns  had  fallen  un- 
der it  on  the  field.  It  had  gone  through  eight  battles,  which  in  all 
had  occupied  eleven  days,  and  brought  off  the  battle  Bears  of«ixtj- 
five   balls  and  shot,  besides  the  marks  of  three  shells.     It  was  the 


9* 

oi.i v  flag  to  bo  seen,  that  bad  gone  through  so  many  battles,  an&' 
bad  BO  many  murks  of  honor.  It  was  understood  that  this  was  tho 
la-t  time  it  would  appear  upon  parade.  For  it  is  an  object  of  too 
much  pride  to  the  Regiment,  and  honor  to  the  State  of  Texas,  to 
be  kept  in  the  camp.  On  to-morrow,  it  is  to  be  committed  to  tho 
•car«  of  Captain  Darden,  to  be  sent  home  to  report  our  conduct  in 
the  hour  of  our  country's  struggles,  and  be  deposited  among  the  ar- 
chives of  the  State.  And  knowing  that  hundreds  would  desire  to- 
gve  it,  I  had  a  drawing  made,  and  here  present  it  to  our  friends  and 
relatives  at  home,  that  they  may  see  the  battle-ilag,  around  which 
the  4th  rallied  in  so  many  struggles  for  our  country's  liberty — and 
beneath  which  so  many  of  our  brave  men  have  fallen.  It  is  with 
great  pride  that  we  can  send  it  home  without  a  single  stain  ;  and 
to  it  the  men  of  the  4th  can  point  for  the  record  of  their  deeds  as 
long  as  Texas  exists  an  independent  and  sovereign  State.  Beneath 
the  flag  I  have  written  the  name  of  our  first  Ensign,  who  carried 
it  through  the  fire  of  Eltham's  Landing,  Seven  Pines,  Games' 
Farm,  Freeman's  Ford,  and  fell  wounded  on  the  second  day  on  the 
Plains  of  Manassas,  but  is  fast  recovering,  and  will  soon  take  his- 
piftce  again  under  the  new  flag. 

And  that  the  reader  may  the  better  understand  our  appreciation 
of  it,  we  here  spread  before  him  the  letter  of  Lieut.  Colonel  B.V. 
Carter,  which  accompanied  the  flag  when  it  was  sent  home  to  the 
Governor  of  Texas. 

Headquarters  4th  Texas  Regiment,      > 
Near  Winchester,  Ya.,  Oct.  7th,  1802.      y 

To  his  Excellency,  F.  R.  Tubbock, 

Governor  of  Texas. 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  to  present  to  you,  by  the  hand  of  Captain 
S.  H.  Darden,  the  battle-flag  of  the  4th  Texas  Regiment,  borne  by 
them  in  the  battles  of  Eltham's  Landing,  Seven  Tines,  Gaines' 
Farm,  Malvern  Jlill,  Freeman's  Ford,  Manassas  Plains,  Boonsboro 
Gap  and  Sharpsburg.  From  its  torn  and  tattered  condition,  it  can 
no  longer  bo  used;  and  it  is  returned  to  you,  that  it  may  be  pre- 
served among  the  archives  of  the  State,  as  a  testimonial  of  the  gal- 
lantry of  her  sons,  who  have  fought  beneath  its  folds.  I  need  not 
dwell  upon  the  services  of  my  Regiment.     Its  deeds  in  battle  will- 


99 

go  into  the  history  of  our  country,  and  speak  for  themselves.  And 
this  silent  witness  bears  eloquent  evidence,  that  the  men  who  fol- 
lowed it  in  action,  were  where  shot  fell  thick,  and  death  was  iu 
the  air. 

You  will  readily  believe,  Governor,  that  we  part  from  the  old 
Hag  with  painful  feelings.  More  than  five  hundred  of  our  comrades 
in  arms  have  fallen  beneath  its  folds.  And  it  is  to  us  an  emblem 
of  constancy  under  multiplied  harships,  gallant  and  dauntless  cour- 
age in  the  .storm  of  battle,  and  devotion  unto  death  to  our  cause. 
Let  it  be  preserved  sacredty,  that  the  remnant  of  our  little  band 
may,  in  future  days,  gaze  upon  its  battle-stained  colors,  recall  to 
mind  the  sufferings  they  have  endured  in  their  country's  cause,  and 
their  children  incited  to  renewed  vigilance,  in  the  preservation  of 
those  liberties  for  which  we  are  contending. 

Our  General  has  presented  us  with  another  "  battle-flag,"  and 
we  .hope  to  be  able  to  acquit  ourselves  asawell  with  that,  as  we  have 
done  with  the  old  one. 

Respectfully  your  serv't, 

B.  F.  CARTER, 
Lieut.  Gol.  Commanding. 

Our  regiment  numbered  about  one  thousand  men  when  we  firs* 
entered  the  service,  and  last  spring  we  were  recruited  by  about 
five  hundred  more;  and  we  now  number  one  hundred  and  seventy- 
fix  for  %ity — who  were  on  parade  this  evening.  But  it  will  not 
be  understood,  that  the  balance  have  all  been  killed,  or  have  died  ; 
Irut  many  of  them  are  scattered  over  Richmond,  in  the  hospitals, 
and  along  the  road,  to  this  place. 

The  First,  carried  its  old  flag  through  every  battle,  until  at 
Sharpsburg,  when  the  Ensign  was  shot  down,  unobserved  in  the 
corn  field,  as  the  regiment  was  changing  its  position  to  prevent 
being  flanked,  and  it  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  who,  we 
learn  from  some  of  our  men  that  were  made  prisoners,  rejoiced 
over  it  exceedingly — mounting  it  upon  a  music  wagon,  and  running 
up  the  Stars  and  Stripes  over  it,  drove  it  through  the  camp,  to 
the  tune  of  "  Yankee  Doodle,"  and  then  to  McClelland  headquar- 
ters, when  they  delivered  themselves  of  several  "  Spread  Engle" 
speeches  on  the  subject  of  capturing  a  Texas  flag.     Well,  let  them 


100 

make  the  most  of  it,  for  it  is  the  first  Texas  flag  they  have  got, 
and  T  guess  many  of  them  will  bite  the  dust  before  they  get 
another. 

The  regiments  are  small,  but  recruiting  from  the  hospitals  in  the 
rear  every  day,  and  I  suppose  they  are  quite  as  full  now,  as  when 
they  fought  at  Sharpsburg. 

The  loss  sustained  by  this  Division,  (of  two  Brigades,)  since 
leaving.  Richmond,  October  11th,  is  two  hundred  and  fifty-three 
killed  on  the  field,  sixteen  hundred  and  twenty-one  wounded,  and 
one  hundred  missing— rma1ring  in  all,  one  thousand  nine  hundred  and 
soventy-four. 

In  closing  this  part  of  the  campaign,  I  present  you  with  the 
General's  address. 


Headquarters — Division,  > 

Near  Winchester,  Sept.  28th,  18G2.    $ 


■! 


General  Orders 

No. 

The  Brigadier-General,  Commanding,  takes  much  pleasure  in 
tendering  his  thanks  and  congratulations  to  the  officers  and  men 
under  his  command,  for  their  arduous  services  and  gallant  conduct 
during  the  recent  campaign.  After  having  distinguished  your- 
selves at  the  battle  of  Oaines'  Farm,  June  27th;  your  long  and 
continried  and  tiresome  march  since  leaving  Richmond — daslr'ng 
courage  at  the  battle  of  Manassas  Plains,  August  30th,  your  truly 
veteran  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Sharpsburg,  Md.,  September  17th, 
has  won  for  you  the  merited  praise  and  gratitude  of'  £he  army 
and  our  country. 

In  less  than  three  months,  you  have  marched  several  hundred 
miles  under  trying  circumstances,  participated  in  several  battles, 
and  made  yourselves  the  acknowledged  heroes  of  three  of  the 
hardest  fought  battles  that  have  occurred  in  the  presenf  war. 

In  none  of  these,  have  you  elicited  so  mu^h  praise  from  our 
Commanding  Generals,  or  so  justly  entitled  yourselves  to  the  proud 
distinction,  of  being  the  best  soldiers  in  the  army,  as  at. the  battle 
of  Sharpsburg.  Called  upon  to  retake  ground,  lost  to  our  arms, 
you  not  only  did  so,  but  promptly  drove  the  enemy  twenty-times 
your  number,  from  his  guns,  and,  if  supported,  would  have  led  on 
to  one  of  the  most  signal  victories  known  to  tho  history  of  any 


101 

people.  Your  failure  to  do  so,  was  attributable  to  others.  And  if, 
was  here,  by  your  conduct  in  rallying  and  presenting  front  to  the 
advancing  columns  of  the  enemy,  that  you  earned  higher  praise 
than  in  any  of  the  brilliant  charges  you  have  made.  Nc  achievement 
so  marks  the  true  soldier,  as  coolness  under  such  circumstances  as 
surrounded  you  on  that  memorable  day.  And  it  is  with  peculiar 
pride,  the  Brigadier-General  Commanding,  acknowledges,  that, 
such  of  his  command  as  had  not  fallen  in  that  terrible  clash  of 
arms,  were  in  ranks  again,  ready  and  willing  to  meet  the  foe. 
By  order  of  J.  B.  HOOD, 

Brigadier-General,  Commanding. 
McCLELLAN   ATTEMPTS   ANOTHER  "  ON  TO 
RICHMOND." 

McClellan,  after  the  battle  of  Sharpsburg,  was  ordered  to  folkw 
our  army  across  the  Potomac.  He  made  an  attempt,  but  the 
shock  he  received  at  the  river,  was  so  great,  that  he  turned  aside 
from  the  direct  road,  to  look  out  an  easier  way  than  following  in 
our  rear.  He,  however,  kept, up  appearances,  as  if  he  intended  to 
drive  us  in  full  chase  through  Winchester,  or  capture  Lee  and  his 
"  rebels  "  before  they  could  get  out  of  the  Valley.  After  making  all 
his  arrangements,  and  taking  possession  of  all  the  Gaps  in  the 
mountains,  to  prevent  our  troops  from  interrupting  his  newly  con- 
ceived plans,  he  made  a  dash  for  Gordonsville,  but  on  arriving  at 
"Warrenton,  to  his  astonishment,  the  "  rebels"  were  all  at  Culpep- 
per Court  House,  ready  to  receive  him.  Lee's  e3'C  was  upon  him. 
We  had  left  Winchester  on  Wednesday  morning,  October  29th, 
and  camped  that  night  near  Front  Royal.  The  next  morning  wo 
waded  one.  branch  of  the  Shenandoah,  and  passed  through  the 
Village  at  an  early  hour.  After  a  hard  days  march,  we  camped  on 
the  mountain,  near  Gaines'  Cross  Roads.  Friday  morning  the 
wagons  and  artillery  separated  from  the  troops,  and  took  the  road 
by  New  AVashington  Turnpike — the  troops  marching  by  the  nearer 
dirt  road,  and  both  parties  camped  that  night  near  Culpepper 
Court  House.  On  the  next  morning,  we  passed  through  the  Town, 
and  camped  one  mile  below.  We  had  good  roads  for  the  march, 
but  the  weather  was  very  cold. 

Colonel   Robertson,'  of  the  5th  Texas,  after  the  promotion  of 
General  Hood,   received  the  appointment  of  Brigadier-General. — 


102 

He  gave  P.  !-•  Price,  Adjutant  of  the  4th  Texas,  the  appointment 
of  As-i-tant  Adjutant- General.  Captain  Littlefield,  of  the  5tb, 
was  appointed  Quartermaster.     Dr.  Scott,  of  the  1st,  Aid-de-camp. 

On  the  3d  of  November,  the  camp  was  moved  to  the  battle  field 
of  Cedar  Run,  six  miles  from  the  Town.  Here  we  had  but  little 
to  do,  but  to  watch  the  enemy,  and  guess  what  w^ould  be  his  next 
btrat' 

On  the  18th,  the  Hampton  Legion  was  detached  from  our  Bri- 
gade, Lieutenant-Colonel  Garey,  being  promoted  to  the  Colonelcy. 
This  is  a  noble  regiment,  and  we  regret  the  removal. 

McCLELLAN'S  REMOVAL.' 

"When  Lincoln  and  his  friends  learned  that  Lee  had  headed 
McClcllan  off  from  the  great  Mecca  of  their  hopes,  whither  in  their 
pilgrimage,  they  had  been  journeying  as  earnestly  and  as  circui- 
tousJy  as  Moses  for  the  Promised  Land — for  so  many  long  days  and 
wearisome  nights — while  their  clothes  were  waxing  old,  and  being 
burnt,  and  much  of  their  meat  and  bread  was  being  captured  by 
Jackson  in  the  wilderness;  and  thousands  of  their  carcasses  were 
falling  on  the  way — whose  bones  could  not  be  carried  along  in  their 
journey ings  to  the  land  they  were  going  to  possess,  they  deter- 
mined to  be  revenged  on  some  body,  and  as  they  could  not  manage 
Lee,  they  determined  -to  decapitate  McClellan. 

And  so  it  was  when  the.great  Napoleon,  (who  never  has  won  a 
battle  yet,)  was  doing  his  best — feeling  the  strength  of  our  army, 
and  contemplating  a  "  change  of  base,"  and  in  company  and  con- 
versation with  General  Burnside  at  the  lone  hour  of  midnight  on 
the  7  th  of  Nov.,  an  unwelcome  courier  arrived  from  "Washington,  and 
informed  him  that  he  should  be  captain  no  longer,  and  that  he 
should  not  lead  this  great  arm}T  over  to  the  promised  possession. — 
For  he  had  acted  "  unadvisedly"  with  the  men  in  his  march — not 
that  he  had  led  them  by  the  wrong  way,  but  that  he  had  let  the 
captain  of  the  hosts  on  the  other  side,  get  possession  of  the  fords, 
so  that  he  could  not  "  make  the  crossing."  At  these  sad  tidings, 
Mac  was  sorely  troubled,  and  wept  much — and  Burnside  wept — 
anil  there  was  great  lamentation  and  weeping  throughout  the 
camp.  And  Lincoln  killed  him,  and  he  gave  up  the  .ghost,  and 
went  to  Jersey,  and  his  grave  has  not  been  seen  until  this  day,  for 
nobody  has  buried  him. 


103 
BATTLE  OF  FREDERICKSBURG. 

As  soon  as  Burnside  was  placed  in  supreme  command,  he  began 
to  devise  a  strategy  by  which  he  could  capture  the  Confederate 
City.  After  making  all  his  arrangements,  he  opened  a  treWndous 
fire  upon  our  lines,  with  the  hope  of  getting  away  from  his  position, 
by  hiding  behind  the  smoke  of  his  artillery.  He  made  a  bold  and 
rapid  move  for  Hanover  Junction.  And,  on  arriving  at  Frede- 
ricksburg, he  hastily  demanded  the  surrender  of  tho  City.  But 
imagine  his  surprise  when  General  Lee,  who  he  thought  still  at 
Culpepper,  answered  lis  demand — "  I  do  not  wish  to  occupy  the 
Town  myself,  and  you  shall  not"  to  which  Burnside  agreed,  for  it 
was*a  "military  necessit)\" 

We  had  lefc  our  camp  on  the  19th,  arid  crossed  the  Rarndan  on 
the  Railroad  bridge  late  in  the  evening;  on  the  next  day,  we 
raarrhed  sixteen  miles;  and  on  the  2lst,  camped  near  Kpottsylva- 
nia  Court.  House.  On  Saturday  mgrning,  we  moved  up  to  the 
Fredericksburg  Railroad,  and  camped  within  four  miles  of  the  old 
City.  The  rain  fell  almost  incessantly,  and  the  roads  were  very 
muddy  over  the  entire  march. 

As  it  was  evident  that  the  enemy  intended  attempting  a  cross- 
ing as  soon  as  he  could  make  the  necessary  preparations,  General 
Lee  and  his  officers  examined  the  ground,  and  made  ready  for  his 
reception.  On  the  night  of  the  10th  of  December,  they  began  to 
throw  their  Pontoons  across  the  river,  at  the  City — and  to  de- 
fend them,  they  opened  fire  with  artillery,  at  daylight  on  Thurs- 
day morning,  which  they  kept  up  aJl  day,  at  the  rate  of  sixty  shot 
per  minute.  Thus  protected,  they  finally  succeeded,  with  two 
Brigades,  after  many  attempts  and  much  loss.  About  a  mile  and  a 
half  below,  another  bridge  was  thrown  over,  and  by  noon  on  the 
11th,  was  complete.!.  The  position  was  such,  that  we.  could  offer 
but  little  resistance.  •  On  the  12th,  under  cover  of  tho  darkness, 
and  a  dense  fog,  a  large  force  passed  the  river,  and  took  position  on 
the  south-side,  under  'protection  of  their  guns  on  the  other  shore. 
But  notwithstanding  the  terrible  fire  of  a  hundred  guns,  which 
raked  c^-  rv  street  and  lane  of  the  city.  Barksdale's  Mississippi 
Brigade  held  the  Town.  They  had  resisted  the  bridge-builders 
irith  and  now  i  ept  them  at  bay  in  the  streets.     From  the 


104      . 

encmyN  guns,  the  bouses  were  -shattered  and  set  on  fire  in  many 
places.  This  incessant  fire  of  artillery  was  kept,  up  upon  the 
doomed  City,  from  dawn  till  dark.  When  night  closed  down  u pon- 
tile scene,  and  hushed  the  roar  of  cannon,  the  burning  houses  of. 
helpless  ^women  and  children,  who  were  driven  out  to  wandei 
through  the  dark,  and  over  the  frozen  ground,  without  shelter  or 
fires;  destitute  of  food,  and  some  of  them  of  clotlies^-lit  the 
landscape,  and  still  revealed  the  barbarity  of  the  cruel  and  heart- 
less invader.  Harmless  old  men,  women  and  children,  were  slaught- 
ered in  the  streets,  and  even  in  their  own  houses.  But  Heaven  is 
preparing  a  righteous  letribution  for  them  in  the  very  streets 
which  they  have  so  wickedly  baptized  with  innocent  blood.  And; 
we  are  persuaded  that  the  slaughter  with  which  they  are  soon  to 
be  visited  in  Fredericksburg,  is  but  the  introduction  to  the  mise- 
m  i  with  which  their  foul  souls  will  soon  be  familiar. 

Our  gallant  men  had  fallen  back  to  the  edge  of  the  town;  and 
those  noble  Mississippians  were  relieved  by  Gen.  Cobb's  Brigade,, 
supported  by  Cook's  command.  Their  position  was  behind  a  stone 
Wall,  and  in  ditches,  while  the  enemy  occupied  the  houses,  in  the- 
outskirts  of  the  town. 

Of  the  ISth  Georgia,  wa  have  good  news  on  this  occasion — for. 
after  they  had^  maintained  tbeir  position  a  long  time,  relief  was 
sent  up,  that  they  might  have  a  little  rest ;  but  their  reply  was — 
"  This  is  as  good  a  place  as  we  want,"  and  refused  to  go,  but  con- 
tinued at  their  work,  as  if  they  intended  to  finish  the  ujsb.''  be- 
fore they  quit. 

Here  it-was  that  General  Cobb  was  killed,  and  General  Cook 
was  wounded. 

Saturday  morning,  Dec.  l£th. — On  tho  right  wing,  while  it  was- 
yet  dark  from  the  heavy  fog,  the  enemy  commenced  feeling  Jack- 
son's position,  and  advancing  in  heavy  force.  About  9  o'clock,  A». 
M.,  the  fog  was  lifted,  and  their  position  and  numbers  were  in  view. 
In  a  few  minutes  the  battle  was  joined.  The  strength  of  the  ar- 
tillery on  both  s'ulc-s  was  now  displayed.  More  than  two  hundred: 
guns  wera  belching  forth  their  sulphuric  names,  filling  the  fields  and 
the  heavens  with  hideous  sights  and  unearthly  sounds.  The  posi- 
tions of  our  guns  were  well  selected,  commanding  all  the  regions 
below,  and  sweeping  the  enemy  clown  by  hundreds  as  they  moved; 
on  to  the  attack,  cr  changed  positions  in  the  fight.    Toward  evea* 


105 
4 
ing  the  infantry,  sixty  thousand  strong,  moved  up  to  drive  our  meiv 

from  their  position.  Then  ensured  a  struggle  of  terror,  full  o£ 
grandeur.  The  long-drawn  roar  of  musketry,  with  fitful  gleams  of 
fire,  uniting  with  the  bellowing  surges  of  artillery,  stunned  the  ear 
and  made  the  earth  vibrate  beneath  the  feet.  Every  speeies  of 
projectile  known  to  modern  warfare  was  hurled  back  and  forth, 
from  guns  of  every  pattern  and  calibre.  At  the  onset  they  forced 
A.  P.  Hill  back  upon  the  second  line,  but  by  its  aid,  under  com- 
mand of  General  E^rly,  they  were  ,soon  driven  back  under  their 
guns,  and  it  was  uot  until  after  dark  that  the  lighting  ceased.  They 
had  been  repulsed  at  every  point,  and  were  gradually  falling  back. 
Before  the  day-light  had  gone,  we  could  discover  their  confusion. 
But  we  had  no  idea  as  to  the  extent. of  the  demoralization  and 
slaughter  they  had  suffered.  Over  the  ground  where  A.  P.  Hill 
met  them,  hundreds  were  left,  dead  and  dying.  Hundreds  more- 
were  slaughtered  on  the  left  wing,  while  the  artillery  had  slain 
them  all  over  the  field.  But  we. did  not  suppose  they  would  so 
easily  abandon  the  high-way  to  the  "  Rebel  Capital."  We  had  not 
brought  one-fourth  of  our  men  into  the  fight.  Many  on  each  wing 
had  not  fired  a  gun,  while  the  centre,  except  Hood's  right  wing, 
had  all  the  white  been  but  playing  the  spectator,  to  the  scenes  be- 
low. General  Stuart  did  valuable  service  throughout  the  whole- 
fight. 

On  Sunday  -morning,  Gen'l  Lee  expected  them  to  renew  the  at^ 
tack  in  full  force,  and  with  great  violence.  But  instead  of  an 
attack,  a  flag  of  truce  was  sent  in,  for  permission  to  bury  the  (had 
and  care  for  the^  wounded.  The  petition  was  granted  ;  and  after 
occupying  the  day  in  carrying  the  wounded  to  the  other  side  of" 
the  river,  there  were  still  hundreds  not  removed. 

On  Monday,  the  great  Yankee  army  en  route  for  Richmond,  waa 
drawn  out  and  marshaled  over  the  lands  below.  As  many  as  sixty 
thousand  were  in  full  view  from  one  point.  .  They  displayed  all 
their  .-tars  and  stripes  with  all  the  pomp  and  circumstance  of  Van- 
lorj  ;  but  instead  of  renewing  the  fight,  as  was  expected,  they 
waited  until  dark,  and  then  begun  ''a  change  of  base."  At  day- 
light next  morning  "  Bumside  n&a  est ?'  was  the  general  rumor.— 
and  his  army  had  adopted  the  old  maxim — 

"  lie  who  figliU  and  runs  jiway, 
May  live  to  Cj;bt  another  day." 


itt 

Tun  result.'-  ^ur  loss  is' about  three  thousand,  in -killed  and 
mounded  and  missing.  General  Gregg  was  mortally  wounded. — 
The  Yankees  lost  about  eighteen  thousand,  killed  and  wounded, 
and  one  thousand  six  hundred  and  twenty-six  prisoners.  Several 
general  officers  fell.  Burnside,  among  other  reasons  assigned  lor 
this  defeat,  while  before  the  Court  of  Inquiry,  states  that  Lincoln 
had  told  him  that  "he  di  1  not  want  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
oyed."  This  being  the  case,  we  agree  with  him  and  his  officers 
in  council  of  war,  that  the  only  way  to  prevent  its  total  destruc- 
tion, was  to  move  them  out  of  harm's  way  as  soon  as  possible,  and 
place  them  on  the'other  si  le  of  the  river,  and  then  cut  the  bridges; 
which  he  informs  the  court  he  "did  with  success." 

What  a  terrible  retribution  for  their  slaughtering  those  innocent 
ones  in  the  city,  and  destroying  the  furniture,  clothing,  &c,  in  all 
the  houses,  and  then  setting  lire  to  the  buildings  to  consume  what 
the}-  had  left.  Their  dead  were  left  in  every  street,  and  scores 
were  found  in  the  shattered  hou  -  * 

This  is  the  fourth  defeat,  of  the  grand  army  of  the  Union,  in  its 
"on  to  Richmond."  And  this  last  repulse,  must  prove,  if  possible, 
more  disasl  rous  than  the  preceeding.  For  the  defeat  of  their  whole 
army,  which  must  have  numbered  one  hundred  and  forty  thousand 
strong,  which  Burnside  in  his  telegram  to  Washington  says,  had 
sed  tiit-  river,  by  about  fifteen  thousand  of  our  own,  will  have 
4  powerful  effect  on  the  minds  of  their  soldiers,  as  well  as  the  pub- 
lic mind  of  the  Northern  psople.  And  as  to  the  influence  it  will 
have-abroad,  I  have  but  little  care;  for  it  is  npt  to  the  nations  that 
we  should  look  for  help,  but  to  Him  who  made  the  nations,  and 
"giveth  the  kingdom  to  whomsoever  he  will." 

The  "  New  York  World  "  says,  that  their  'l  array  will  now  go  in- 
to winter  quarters,  because  it  can  gcyno  where  else."  i>ut  if  it  should 
attempt  to  go  any  where  else,  we  suppose  General  Lee  will  be 
there,  waiting  for  them  when  they  arrive. 

A  i\  \v  more  such  defeats  will  give  us  peace.  For  a  peace-party 
is  already  forming  in  the  North.  This  is  the  reaction.  The  ebb- 
ing of  a  title,  which  has  flown  beyond  all  bounds,  assisted  by  every 
prejudice,  and  driven  and  lashed  by  the  storm  of  envy  and  fanati- 
cism. And  a  peace-party,  originated  by  blood  and  suffering,  cannot 
be  checked!  It  may  be  next  spring  before  they  will  give  US  another 
chance;  but,  whenever  they  do,  it  will  end  this  unholy  war.. 


107 


BY  WHAT  NAME  SHALL  WE  CALL  THEM  ? 

Abolitionist,  Unionist,  Federals  or  Yankees. .  We  should  speak  the 
S&me  language,  with  as  much  concert  as  we  should  act  together  in 
the  strife.  All  of  the  above  names,  have  by  different  ones,  and  by 
the  same  ones,  at  different  times,  been  applied  to  o*ur  enemy. — 
Words  and  names  are  the  signs  of  ideas,  and  the  vehicles  of 
thought.  We  then  should  adopt  the  vehicle  which  would  most 
certainly  convey  our  meaning.  Names  are  also  significant.  And 
while  we  would  represent  and  convey  our  thoughts  in  words, those 
words  should  be  properly  selected,  that  our  whole  meaning — noth- 
ing more  nor  less — may  be  understood.  Ench  of  the  above  names 
are  significant,  and  have  a  different  meaning,  and  it  is  imposible 
that  the}'  can,  with  propriety,  be  indiscriminately  applied.  Then 
to  deter  mine  which  is  the  more,  or  rather  the  only  applicable  one, 
let  us  notice  the  meaning  of  each. 

Abolitionjst :  says  Webster,  is  one  who  is  desirious  of  abolish- 
ing any  thing,  especially  slavery.  This  word  thpn  will  apply,  pro- 
vided'the  abolition  of  slavery  is  their  only  object  and  aim.  But 
all  will  say  that  this  is  not  their  sole  avowed  intention — but  to 
subjugate  and  despoil — make  the  South  their  inferior,  and  the  ■- 
bearer  of  their  burdens,  &c. 

Unionist:  one  who  desires  concord  agreement  in  mind,  will, 
affections  and  interest.  This,  we  readily  see,  will  not  apply  to 
them.  For  there  can  be  no  union  where  there  is  discord — that 
they  desire  the  South  to  remain  in  union  of  government  with  them 
is  evident,  but  .they  seek  a  union 'which  is  amoral  impossibility* 
And  the  name  does  not  convey  to  the  mind,  their  true  character. 
Federalist:  says  Webster,  is  atl appellation  in  Ameri  n  to 

the  friends  of  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  and  to  the 
political  party  which  favored  the  Administration  of  President 
Washington. 

I  have  but  to  inquire  if  they  have  been  the  friends  of  tfie  Con- 
stitution ?  or  have  they  not  declared  thai  sacred  instrument  to  bo 
"a  covenant  toith  death,  and  a  league  with  lull !"     I 
that  line  of  policy  pursued  by  the  great  champion   <>f  liberty — 
who  bo  successfully  lead  the  armies  of  the  first  rebellion  against 


108 

oppression  arv.l  tyranny,  to  victory,  an  1  finally  to  a  peace  as  broad 
and  as  deep  as  the  rivers  ?  I  know  when  }~ou  have  learned  the 
meaning  of  the  name,  you  blush  to  know  that  you  have  ever 
soiled  the  native  dignity  of  the  name  by  which  your  ancestor  were 
known,  by  applying  it  to  a  nation  of  thieves  and  murderers. 

The  next  and  last,  is  the  only  one  that  will  apply.  Yankee: 
The  popular  name  for  the  citizens  of  New  England.  This  is  what 
Webster  says  it  means — and  this  is  what  we  want — a  name  for 
the  people  of  New  England.  And,  as  their  history  is  well  known 
to  the  civilized  world,  the  whole  world  will  understand  us.  and  we 
will  understand  ourselves  when  we.call  them  Yankees.  It  is  the 
only  name  or  word  in  the  English,  or  any  other  language,  living  or 
dead,  that  can  be  applied  with  full  scope  and  force.  It  extends  to 
all  their  ten  thousand  schemes  of  deception  and  fraud,  and  com- 
prehends their  every  act  of  lying  and  stealing,  from  the  days  of 
Washington  till  the  present  hour,  in  all  their  political,  legislative, 
executive,  commercial,  civil,  moral,  literary,  sacred,  profane,  theo- 
logical and  diabolical  history. 

The  word,  has  ever  been  used  in  contemptuous  ridicule  of  their 
conduct  towards  each  other,  and  their  dealings  with  the  rest  of 
the  world.  And  there  is  no  other  word  in  all  the  range  of  human 
learning,  which  will  convey  to  the  mind  of  eveiy  man,  both  in 
Europe  and  America,  in  Africa  and- the  Islands  of  the  Sea,  so  many, 
and  correct  traits  of  character,  as  the  word  Yankee,  when  applied 
to  the  Yankee.  And  thus  applied,  it  means  meddlesome,  impu- 
dent, insolent,  pompous,  boastful,  unkind,  ungrateful,  unjust, 
knavish,  false,  deceitful,  cowardly,  swindling,  thieving,  robbing, 
brutal  and  murderous. 

With  this  name,  we  involuntarily  associate  the  story  of  the 
Clock  Peddler  who  stole  the  land- lady's  counterpane  oil'  of  her 
own  bed,  and  then  sold  it  to  her — shoe-soles  made  of  birch- bark, 
wooden  hams,  patent  medicines,  chalk  milk  and  wooden  nutmegs. 
It  carries  us  back  to  days  of  yore,  and  enables  us  to  look  at  the 
different  phases  of  society,  from  the  time  they  burnt  old  women 
for  witches  to  the  days  of  the  inauguration  of  the  "  woman's- 
rights  conventions."  Exhibiting  the  style  of  dress  worn-by  Puritans 
in  beautiful  contrast  with  the  fast  age  that  puts  their  women  in 
bteeches. 


109 

This  Yankee  country  lias  given  birth  to  Socialism,  Mormonism, 
Millcrism,  Spiritualism  and  Abolitionism,  with  every  other  Devil- 
ism  which  has  cursed  the  nation  of  Unionism.  And,  as  there  ia 
one  word  that  will  express  all  these  and  a  hundred  more  isms.  I 
prefer  to  use  that  word,  and  thereby  say  all  that  can  be  said  on 
this  subject — the  term  is  Yankeeism.  And  wo  will  call  them 
Yankees;  General  Beauregard  and  the  newspapers  to  the  contrary, 
notwithstanding. 

BIOGRAPHIC    SKETCHES  OF  GEN'L  HOOD  AND  STAFF. 

As-  these  sketches  will  be  of  interest  to  our  friends  at  home,  T 
take  pleasure  in  transcribing  them  from  my  journal  for  publication. 

Brigadier  General  John  B.  Hood  was  born  in  Owensville,  Bath 
county,  Ky.,  June  29th,  1831,  and  was  brought  up  at  Alt.  Sterling, 
Montgomery  county.  He  entered  upon  his  collegiate  course  at 
West  Point,  in  1849,  and  graduated  in  18.53.  He  was  then  assign- 
ed to  duty  in  the  4th  Infantry  in  California,  where  he  served  twen- 
ty-two months.  And  when  the  two  new  regiments,  raised  by 
Jefferson  Davis",  then  Secretary  of  War,  were  called  out,  he  was 
transferred  July,  '55,  to  the  one  (2d  cavalry)  in  whicli  Gen.  Albert 
Sidney  Johnston,  who  fell  at  Shiloh,  was  in  command,  and  Gen'l 
R.  E.  Lee,  the  Lieut.  Colonel.  This  regiment  furnished  many  val- 
uable officers  to  the  South.  Gen'ls  Earl  Van  D<jrn,  E.  K.  Smith, 
Fields,  Evans  and  Hardee,  were  from  its  ranks. 

In  the  winter  of  1855— 'G,  Gen.  Hood  entered  upon  the  frontier 
net  vice  of  Western  Texas,  where,  in  July-Following,  he  had  a  spir- 
ited engagement,  and  was  wounded  by  the  Indians  on  Devil's 
river. 

A  short  time  before  the  beginning  of  the  present  war,  he  was 
ordered  to  report  for  duty  at  West  Point  as  Instructor  of  Cavalry. 
But  anticipating  the  present  difficulties,  he  was  allowed  at  his  own 
request,  to  return  to  duty  in  Texas — his  object  being,  in  view  of 
all  the  prospects  of  impending  dissolution,  to  be  in  that  portion  of 
the  country  which  he  most  loved,  and  so  greatly  admired.  He 
could  see  no  hope  of  reconciliation  or  adjustment,  but  every  indi- 
cation of  a  fierce  and  blood  war;  consequently,  he  had  determined 
to  cast  his  destiny  with  the  South.  On  the  10th  of  April,  1861, 
he  resigned  his  commission  under  the  United  States  Government, 


110 

and  tendered  his  services  to  the  Confederacy.     His  name  was  en- 
tered upon  the  roll  with  the  rank  of  First  Lieutenant,  and  ordered 
to  report  to  General  Leo,  in  Virginia,  who  ordered  him  to  report 
to  General  Magruder,  on  the  Peninsula.     lie  was  at  once  placed  in 
command  of  all   the  cavalry   of  the   Peninsula,  with   the  rank  of 
Captain  of  Regular  Cavalry.     Having  several  successful    engage- 
ments with  the  enemy,  he  was  soon  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major. 
On  Sept.  oOth,  he  was  ordered  to  Richmond,  and  receiving  the  rank 
of  Colonel  of  Infantry,  was  placed  in  command  of  the  4th  Regiment 
Texas  Volunteers,  then  in  camp  near  the  city.     Very  few  of  the 
men  ljad  ever  seen  him,  and  doubts  were  entertained  whether  a 
Colonel  could  be  appointed,  that  would  give  satisfaction.     For  an 
attempt   had   been  made  to  orgmize  the  regiment  under  Colonel 
'Allen,  of  Texas;  but  in   consequence  of  a  protest  of  some  of  the 
Captains,  the  appointment  was  withdrawn.     This  produced  a  feel- 
ing with  others,  and  it  was  thought  that  they  would  not  be  satis- 
fied with   any  one  that  might  be  appointed.     Rut  in  a  few  days 
this  feeling  was  gone,  and  every  one  seemed  to  be  perfectly  satis- 
fied.    His   commanding  appearance,  manly  deportment,  quick  per- 
ception, courteous  manners  and  decision  of 'character,  readily  im- 
pressed the  officers  and  men,  that  he  was  the  man  to  govern  them 
in  the  camp,  and  command  them  on  the  field.     And  his  thorough 
acquaintance  with  every  department  of  the  service,  satisfied  every 
one  of  his  competency  for  the  position.     For  they  found  him  able 
and  ready  to  give  all  the  necessary  instruction,  nokonly  in  drilling 
t>hem  for  the   field,  but  also  in  the  forms  and  technicalities  of  the 
clothing,  commissary,  ordinance  and  transportation  departments — 
for  the  want  of  which  information,  regiments  entering  the  service 
frequently  go  hungry,  and  commissaries  and  quartermasters  make 
many  fruitless  trips. 

The  General  is  about  six  feet  two  inches  high,  with  full  broad 
chest,  light  hair  and  beard,  blue  eyes,  and  U  gifted  by  nature  with 
a  voice  that  can  be  heard  in  the  storm  of  battle. 

On  the  8th  and  0th  of  November,  the  4th  and  5th  Texas  Regi- 
ments left  Richmond,  and  arrived  at  Dumfries  on  the  12th  instant, 
where  we  were  with  the  1st  to  be  organized  into  a  Brigade,  under 
Colonel  Wigfall,  who,  to  this  end,  had  received  the  appointment  of 
Brigadier   General.     But,  as  ho   was  the  Senator  elect  from  the 


Ill 

State  of  Texas,  after  the  meeting  of  Congress,  he  resigned.  And" 
on  the  3d  of  March,  18G2,  Colonel  Hood  was  appointed  to  take  his 
place.  Thus  we  see,  within  the  short  space  of  ten  months  and 
seventeen  days,  he-  was  promoted  from  the  rank  of  Lieutenant  to 
that  of  a  Brigadier  General.  And  having  been  personally  asso- 
ciated with  him  during  his  tevm  of  service  with  the  Texas  troops, 
I  take  pleasure  in  saying  that  his  rapid  promotion,  has  not  filled 
him  with  that  official  vanity  and  self-importance  which  so  often 
kills  the  pleasure,  and  cuts  the  acquaintance  of  former  friends.— 
J?or  while  with  him*  there  is  no  effort  to  make  you  feel  the  dignity 
of  his  official  position  ;  but  3-011  enjoy  the  pleasure  of  a  social  com-* 
panion,  familiar  and  kind.  But  as  a  companion,  his  frierMis^ip  can- 
not be  Cultivated  to  an  extent  that  will  allow  a  pretext  to  the  neg- 
lect of  duty,  by  either  officers  or  men.  lie  is  a  disciplinarian  ;  and' 
the  discharge  of  duty  is  the  way  to  his  society  arid  friendship. — 
And,  notwithstanding  his  rigid  adherance  to  discipline,  I«m  per- 
suaded that  he  is  as  much  admired  and  esteemed  by  the  men  un- 
der his  command,  as  any  General  in  the  arnry.  And  'o  this  o'ne 
thing,  I  would  in  a  great  measure,  attribute  his  promotion  in  rank, 
and  our  success  in  battle.  Its  importance  is  admitted  by  all.  For 
it  is  this  that  makes  the  arm}'-  of  well  drilled  soldiers  so  much  more 
efficient  than  the  raw  militia.  Our  success  depends  upon  it ;  and 
the  sooner  our  people,  our  army  and  our  Congress  are  willing  to 
see  it  properly  enforced,  the  sooner  shall  we  see  our  enem}'-  beaten, 
our  liberty  won,  and  our  country  free. 

An  tfrmy  half  disciplined,  cannot  be  efficient.  For  while  they 
are  in  camp,  they  are  scattered  all  over  the  countr)\  "While  on t he- 
march,  they  are  strung ..  from  one  end  of  the  road  to  the  other 

And  the  result  is,  when  we  have  to  go  into  the  fight,  which  is  to 
decide  the  fate  of  an  empire,  one-half  of  the  army  is  not  there,  and 
a  few  must  meet  the  foe,  and  do  the  work  of  all.  And  when  the 
fight  is  over,  the  straggler  comes  hi  for  a  portion  of  the  honor,  and 
will  claim  an  equal  share  of  the  blcssmg  of  liberty,  which  has  been 
won  by  the  toil  and  blood  of  others. 

But  absence  from  the  laboos  of  the  camp  and  from  the  dan 
of  battle,  are  not  all  the  evils  growing  out  of  this  loose  method  of 
soldiering.     If  }rou  will  but  go  round  through  this  city,  ("Winches- 
ter, Va..)  and  adjacent  country,  or  any  where  else,  that  our  army 


112 

iher  camped  or  moved,  you  will  find  abundant  argument  lor 
a  more  thorough  adherence  to  army  regulations  than  we  have  yet 
had.  Men  straggling  every  where,  and  doing  almost  every  thing — 
begging,  tak'ng,  destroying,  stealing  and  robbing  almost  every  one 
they  pass,  of  Dearly  every  -thing  they  have,  until  our  country 
■gioaus  to  be  d<  from  its  friends.  And  what  difference  whether 

a  man  is  robbed  of  his  bread  by  a  friend  or  a  foe?  Will  he  not 
perish,  and  his  children  starve,  whether  it  is  taken  by  the  one  or 
the  other?  Does  any  one  doubt  whether  or  not  such  things  aro 
done  by  our  own  men  ?  I  ask  you  to  go  to%the  people  and  ask^ 
them.  We  know  it  is  so.  For  we  have  seen  it  with  our  own  eyes 
more  than  a  hundred  times.  And  now,  in  all  candor,  we  ask,  are 
these  things  so  to  continue  ?  Are -we  to  leave  desolate  in  our  rear, 
and  gaunt  hunger  to  feed  upon  the  lives  of  helpless  women  and  in- 
nocent children  ?  If  so,  would  a  home  under  Austrian  oppression 
not  be  nreferable  ?  .  '  • 

But  how  are  all  these  evils  to  be  remedied  ?  How  are  the  men 
to  be  prevented  straggling  from  the  camp  and  along  the  march 7 — 
From  robbing  the  country  as- they  move,  and  brought  up  to  tho 
'light,  so  that  all  will  fare  alike  in  the  burdens  of  the  campaign  and 
in  the  battles  for  our  country  ?  The  answer  is  simple,  and  in  a  sin- 
gle word — DISCIPLINE. 

All  that  is  now  necessary  to  make  the  name  of  Hood  immortal, 
and  iill  the  earth  with  the  fame  of  the  soMiers  of  Texajr,  is  to 
brng  forward  a  sufficient  number  of  men  to  fill  up  the  gallant  regi- 
ments—>now  the  honor  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac — under  his  com- 
mand, aiid  add  to  their  number  some  eight  or  ten  new  regiment! 
of  those  now  in  Mississippi  and  Arkansas,  and  give  him  the  rank  of 
Major  General.  All  of  which  we  hope  will  shortly  be  done.  Then 
our  movements  will  not  depend  upon  the  inefficient  and  tardy 
movements  of  other  officers  and  troops.  Bat,  thus  constituting  an 
independent  Army  Division  of  Texans,  we  will  not  have  to  watch 
and  wait  and  fall  back  from  ground  hardly  won,  fo  keep  from  being 
flanked  by  the  enemy  from  other  portions  of  the  field,  after  we 
have  beaten  and  driven  -our  foe  in  the  fight.  No  one  can  look  back 
over  the  history  of  past  engagements  without  being  struck  with 
the  brilliant  dash  and  successful  charges  made  by  our  men  ;  and 
seeing  how  rapidly  they  press  to  the  front,  none  will  fail  to  admit 


113 

the  importance  of  their  being  supported  by  men  of  their  own  metal, 
and  under  the  same  commander,  so  that  they  can  support  them- 
selves in  the  contest,  and  hold  the  ground  they  have  conquered. — 
The  records  of  Humes'  Farm,  Plains  of  Manassas,  and  Sharpsburg, 
give  sufficient  comment  upon  its  importance.  For  on  each  one  of 
these  fields  they  had  to  halt,  and  sometimes  fall  back  from  ground 
which  had  cost  the  lives  of  many  of  our  men  to  conquer,  to  prevent 
^»ng  flanked  by  troops  that  should  have  been  engaged,  and  driven 
from  the  field  by  other  portions  of  our  army  ;  and,  instead  of  our 
falling  back,  the  whole  of  the  enemy's  line  would  have  been  hurled 
back  in  one  grand  rout,  and  driven  in  confusion  before  our  con- 
quering march.  Other  troops  are  brave  enough,  but  they  fight  too 
slow.  We  want  more  of  our  own  men.  Men  who,  when  the  fight 
begins,  will  not  stand  and  "  listen  the  battle  shout  from  far," 
but  will  rush  forward  at  the  word,  and  carry  the  field  by  storm. 
These  are  the  men,  and  this  the  modus  operandi  for  success.  For 
when  the  enemy's  lines  are  once  driven  from  their  advanced  posi- 
tion, they  should  not  be  allowed  to  "  face  about ,"  and  form  on  new 
ground ;  but  pressed  and  shot  in  the  back,  until  they  have  effected 
a  splendid  "  change  of  base." 

vSome  of  our  men.  both  in  and  out  of  the  army,  are  trying  to 
make  the  imprpssion,  that  our  men  are  used  by  the  Government,  as 
a  kind  of  portable  breast-work  for  Virginia;  and  that  they  are  re- 
quired to  occupy  positions  of  danger,  to  screen  the  other  portions 
of  the  army.  But  this  is  wrong.  For  we  have  seen  as  much  of 
the  treatment  of  the  Government  and  of  the  officers  of  the  army 
towards  our  men,  as  any  body  else,  and  we  have  been  able  to  dis- 
cover no  such  discrimination.  But  on  the  contrary,  we  have  had 
our  share  of  favors  in  almost  every  thing.  And  in  many  instance!, 
we  have  been  favored  more  than  others.  It  may  be  possible,  that 
the  President  will  not  give  up  our  command,  to  be  controlled  and 
disposed  of  as  some  desire,  but  there 'are  not  many  of  our  men  that 
have  complained  even  on  that  point.  And  if  any  are  disposed  to 
think  that  we  have  had  to  march  further,* and  fight  harder  than 
other  troops,  I  ask  fhem  to  get  the  history  picrn. 

and  compare  it  with  ours.     They  have  marched  further  and  fought 
oftener  than  we  have.    See  also  the  history  of  Col.  I  i  le, 

who  have  been  with  us  in  all  our   fights,  and  marches,  too;  and 


114 

were  in  the  battle  at  Manassas,  before  we  left  Texas.  That  wo 
had  to  perforin  long  marches,  and  do  hard  lighting,  1  do  not 
deny.  This  was  what  we  came  for,  and  the  men  were  willing  to  do 
it.  But  that  we  have  had  to  occupy  all  the  most  dangerous  places 
on  the  battle-field,  is  incorrect ;  and  this  idea  should  not  be  allowed 
to  obtain,  for  it  has  no  foundation  in  fact.  True,  in  two  or  threo 
Qcea,  when  the  fortunes  of  the  day  hung  trembling  upon  the 
Command  of  a. single  Regiment  or  Brigade,  we  have  been  called  to 
the  rescue.  And  of  all  the  positions  on  the  field,  our  men  would, 
if  left  to  their  own  choice,  have  stood  upon  the  vur\  ground  where 
fought.  For  they  were  willing  that  none  should  occupy  more 
dangerous  ground,  do  more,  nor  win  greater  laurels  for  their  State 
than  themselves.  They  had  come  to  fight,  and  were  willing  to 
stand  where  the  storm  broke  in  its  fury'.  And  none  have  n  ade  a 
brighter  record. 

It  is  also  stated,  that  *an  attempt  is  being  made  to  remove  our 
Regiments  beyond  the  Mississippi,  to  rest  and  recruit — put  upon  ' 
the  invalid  list !  We  have  no  doubt,  but  that  the  motive  which 
prompted  our  friends,  is  the  love  which  they  have  for  the  men  of 
our  State.  But  that  it  is  not  from  a  broad  philanthropy,  which 
embraces  the  whole  Confederacy,  nor  with  a  proper- view  to  the 
final  of  our  arms,  will  be  apparent  to  all.     And  especially 

will  this  appear,  when  they  read  the  letter  of  the  Commander-in- 
Chief  of  the  Army  to  Gen.  "VYigfall,  and  there  see  the  importance 
and  confidence  he  places  in  them  in  view  of  success.  As  this  let- 
ter will  give  pleasure  and  pride  to  every  Texan,  both  at  home  and 
in  other  portions  of  our  .army,  I  here  spread  it  before  the  reader. 
It  was  written  four  days  after  the  battle  at  Sharpsburg,  where  our 
men  covered  themselves  with  glory  on  the  lield. 

Ilr.ADauARTicus  Army  of  Virginia,      > 
Near  Mam  Sept.  21,  1862.  $ 

Gen.  Lewis  T.  Wigfall — 

neral:  I  have  not  yet  heard  from  you,  with  regard  to  the 
new  Texas  Regiments,  which  you  promised  to  eilileavor  to  raise  for 
the  army.    I  need  them  much.     1  rely  upon  those  we  have  in  all  ' 
tight  places,  and  fear  I  have  to  call  upon  them  too  often.     They 
have  fought  grandly  and  nobly,  and  we  must  have  more  of  them. 


115 

■ 

Please  make  every  possible  exertion  to  get  them  in,  and  send  thein 
on  to  me.     You  must  help  us  in  this  matter.     With  a  few  more 
such   Regiments  as  Hood  now  has.  as  an  example  of  daring  and 
bravery,  I  could  feel  much  more  confident  of  the  campaign. 
Very  respectfully,  yours, 

R.  E.  LEE,  General. 

I  now  ask,  if,  in  view  of  tlio  importance  which  we  sustain  to  the 
final  success  of  our  cause,  in  which  our  all — life,  liberty,  and  sacred 
honor,  both  for  ourselves  and  our  children  is  embarked,  there  is  a 
single  Texan  that  will  say  for  us  to  return,  or  refuse  to  send  us  the 
men  to  fill  up  our  thinned  ranks?  We  think  not.  And  we  hope 
our  friends  will  not,  by  persisting  in  their  opposition  in  this  mat- 
ter, strike  the  honors  which  we  have  won  for  the  "  1  one  Star  " 
flag  from  our  hands.  Such  efforts  do  harm.  They  tend  to  make 
the  men  dissatisfied,  and  feel  'that  they  are  badly  treated — worse 
than  others — which  is  not  so.  And  what  would  be  the  effect  pro- 
duced upon  our  army,  if  the  request  to  remove  our  Regiments 
home,  were  granted?  Arkansas  would  soon  file  her  claim,  and 
then  Louisiana,  and  Mississippi,  and  so  on,  until  the  last  man  would 
be  sent  out  of  Virginia,  to  his  own  State.  And  there  is  no  one  so 
blind  that  he  has  failed  to  see  the  just  indignation  which  the  whole 
country  pours  upon  the  Governor  of  Georgia,  for  the  factious  op- 
position which  he  has  raised  against  the  Government.  And  all  are 
proud  to  see  the  people  and  soldiers  of  that  State  condemning  his 
course  in  unmeasured  terms.     He  wants  to  be  noticed. 

We  hope  that  the  Legislature  of  North  Carolina  will  be  made  to 
feel  the  withering  contempt  that  now  rests  upon  Gov.  Brown,  for 
the  course  it  has  recently  taken. 

This  course  persisted  in,  and  it  will  not  require  the  foresight  of 
a  prophet  to  tell  the  future  destiny  of  our  Republic,  in  honor 

to  whose  arms  the  lips  of  the  nations  of  Kurope  now  glow  with 
anxious  praise.  And  McClellan  would  no  longer  be  uncrcr  the  ne- 
cessity of  transforming  a  grand  Idle"  into  a  "strat 
movement,"  nor  a  dreadful  defeat  into  a  "change  of  base."  V>at 
the  inm  yoke  of  despotism  would  be  riveted  upon  our  necks,  and, 
the  heel  of  Yankee  oppression  grind  our  children  in  tlx>  dust  We 
call  upon  our  countrymen,  one  and  all,  to  lay  aside  all  I 
tiomil  prejudices  and  selfishness,  and  let  the  whole  people,  burning: 


116 

with  the  living  fire  of  patriotism,  view  the  grandeur  of  our  causef 
and  still  rally  around  our  country's  battle-flag,  and  help  us  roll  the 
tide  of  victory  onward,  and  by  the  grace  of  God  we  will  come  off 
conquerers  iu  the  end.  Let  Texas  send  us  the  men,  and  with  Hood 
to  lead  them,  we  feel  safe  in  saying,  they  will  make  a  bright  record 
in  our  country's  history,  while  they  hasten  the  end  of  our  toil  and 
suffering.  Texas  need  not  fear;  for  if  an  attempt  is  made  to  invade 
the  State,  troops  will  be  sent  to  her  relief.  For.  the  Western  Army 
must  in  a  great  measure  be  subsisted  from  the  Prairies  of  Texas. 

Since  penning  the  above  lines,  I  am  proud  to  learn  that  Hood  has 
been  made  a  Major  General,  and  the  President  has  ordered  the  de- 
sired number  of  Texans  j  and  a  messenger  has  gone  to  bring  them 
forward.  We  will  hail  their  coming  *with  pleasure,  and  promise 
them  for  a  leader,  one  of  the  best  officers  in  the  Confederacy,  who- 
has  never  been  incapacitated  for  a  single  moment  from  commanding 
his  men  by  intemperance  ;  nor  been  absent  from  the  post  of  duty 
twenty-four  hours,  from  the  time  he  took  command  of  the  4th, 
(Oct.  1st,  18G1,)  up  to  the  present  time,  (Dec.  25th,  1862.) 

W.  II.  SELLERS,  A.  A.  G., 

was  born  in  Tennessee,  and  emigrated  to  Texas  in  '35  ;  was  a  mem- 
.ber  of  the  celebrated  Mier  Expedition,  captured  Dec,  '42,  and  held 
a  prisoner  in  Mexico  and  Perote  twenty-one  months. 

In  the  spring  of  '4G,  he  entering  the  service  in  the  Mexican  warr 
was  made  1st  Lieutenant  in  Capt.  Tom  Green's  Company  of  Col. 
Hay's  Regiment  of  Rangers,  and  was  present  at  the  battle  of  Mon- 
terey, September,  '46. 

In  1861,  he  entered  the  service  of  the  Confederacy,  with  the  rank 
of  1st  Lieutenant  of  Co.  A,  5th  Texas  Regiment  j  and  when  the 
Regiment  was  organized,  received  the  appointment  of  Adjutant, 
which  office  he  filled  until  March,  '62,  when  he  was  appointed  As- 
sistant Adjjutant  General  on  General  Hood's  Staff,  with  the  rank 
of  Captain.  In  this  position  he  has  given  the  most  entire  satis- 
faction. And  of  his  coolness  and  gallantry  on  the  field,  he  has  had 
no  superior,  rendering  the  most  efficient  service  in  every  battle, 
especially  at  Gaines'  Farm,  Manassas  and  Sharpsburg,  having  his 
horse  shot  at  Manassas,  and  twice  at  Sharpsburg.  But  he  has 
passed  unhurt  through  every  fight. 


117 

CAPTAIN  JAMES  HAMILTON,  A.  D.  C. 

Is  a  native  of  South  Carolina,  and  in  Lis  twenty-second  year.  He 
entered  West  Point  in  1858,  and  continued  until  Lis  State  seceded, 
when  lie  resigned;  and  returning,  tendered  Lis  services  to  Lis 
country,  and  was  placed  upon  tLe  Staff  of  General  Taylor.  "With 
him,  he  continued,  acting  gallantly  and  with  credit  to  Limself 
tLrough  tLe  engagements  around  Richmond — after  wliicL,  at  Lis  own 
request,  Lc  was  transferred  to  the  Staff  of  General  Hood.  At  Sharps- 
burg,  his  horse  was  shot  under  him.  And  although  his  coolness  and 
gallantry  enabled  him  to  go  when  and  wherever  sent — not  shun- 
ning to  pass  through  the  midst  and  fury  of  the  battle — eliciting 
the  praise  of  the  Generals  upon  different  occasions;  yet  he  Las 
passed  all  unscared  and  unhurt,  with  the  honor  of  having  been  un- 
der  fire  on  fourteen  different  occasions — some  of  them,  the  blood- 
iest of  the  campaign. 

Notwithstanding  his  youthful  appearance  and  delicate  consti- 
tution, with  rather  effeminate  features;  he  has  a  brave  heart  and 
lion-like  courage — that  predict  for  Lim  a  future  as  brilliant,  as  Lis 
record  is  clear  and  honorable. 

MAJOR  B.  H.  BLANTON,  A.  I.  G. 

Is  a  Kentuckian,  and, from  Frankfort.  He  took  position  on  the 
Staff  on  the  1st  of  May,  and  was. in  every  battle  with  the  Brigade 
up  to  the  1st  of  October.  At  Gaines'  Farm  his  horse  wa  3  killed,  and 
at  Sharpsburg  he  met  with  tlie  same  misfortune.  His  unflinching 
courage  and  gallantry,  won  for  him  the  higL  respect  and  prais 
the  command.  He  received  an  appointment  as  Major  in  the  Quar- 
termaster's Department  in  Kentucky,  and  started  for  that  array, 
but  on  arriving  in  Richmond,  was  allowed  to  rctun^  and  is  yet 
with  our  command.  And  as  he  is  a  favorite  with  all,  his  return 
will  Ve  greeted  with  pleasure  by  both  officers  and  men. 

LIEUTENANT  D.  H.  SUBLETT,  ORDNANCE  OFFICER, 

Is  from  Waco,  Texas.     He  entered   the   service  a  Lieutenant  in 

Co.  E,  4th  Regiment,  from  his  Town — and  served  in  that 

until  the  16th  of  March,  18G2,  when  he  v.  .  .  ,|un- 

teer- Aid  to  General  Hood.     And  on  the   1st  of  Mav  he  was  made 


118 

Ordnance  Officer  of  the  Brigade.     In  all  these  positions,  he  dis- 
charged his  duty  with  satisfaction  and  credit. 

'  COLONEL  JOHN   MARSHALL,*   , 

Commanding  the  4th  Texas,  was  born  in  Charlotte  County,  Vir- 
ginia, in  the  year  18 — .  He  was  at  one  time  Editor  of  the  Vicks- 
burg  "  Sentinel,"  and  afterwards  took  charge  of  the  "  Mississjp- 
piar.  "  at  Jackson.  And  at  the  earnest  solicitation  of  the  leading 
members  of  the  Democratic  party  of  the  State  of  Texas,  lie  dia- 
I  of  his  interest  in  the  "  MississHplan,"  and  removed  from 
Jack.-on,  Mississippi,  to  the  City  of  Austin,  Texas,  where  he  con- 
ducted the  "  State  Gazette,"  which  was  the  leading  organ  of  the 
Democratic  party  j  and  having  made  a  reputation  as  a  party  leader 
and  an  able  writer,  was  elected  Chairman,  of  the  Democratic  State 
Convention  at  Austin,  in  1858.  over  Governor  Peas,  by  a  conside- 
rable majority.  (And  as  a  testimonial  of  the  manner  in  which 
the  party  appreciated  him  as  a  leader,  they  presented  him  a  fine 
gold  headed  cane.)  He  continued  to  hold  this  position  until  he 
left  Texas  to  join  the  army  in  Virginia. 

Colonel  Marshall  was  a  literary  man,  of  liberal  views  and  fine 
attainments — an  excellent  writer  and  a  close  logical  reasoner,  of 
quick  preception  and  excellent  forecast,  in  so  much  that  he  did  not 
wait  the  full  development  of  events,  in  order  to  comprehend  the 
end  and  aim  of  politicians,  before  the  results  of  their  policy  were 
seen  and  understood  by  the  masses.  His  (friends  knew  well  the 
value  of  his  services,  and  his  enemies  felt,  the  weight  of  his  opposi- 
tion. 

When  the  4th  Regiment  Texas  Volunteers  was  o-ganized,  he  re- 
ceived the  appointment  of  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  although  the 
appointment  was  not  altogether  satisfactory,  the  Regiment  soon 
learned  to  appreciate  his  value.  For,  possessing  high  business 
qualifications,  and  being  a  warm  personal  friend  of  the  President, 
they  found  that  through  him  they  would  be  able  to  procure  all  the 
necessaries  and  comforts  for  the  campaign,' that  would  be  erjoyed 
by  the  most  favored. 

*I  should  have  taken  great  pleasure  in  giving  a  Lithograph  of  Colonel 
M.,  as  well  as  a  more  extended  biography  had  it  l>een  in  my  power,  bnt  not  hav- 
ing his  likeness,  nor  ihe  data,  I  have  furnished  all  that  I  could  under  iho  circum- 
stances. »  Taa  Author- 


119 

He  was  ever  watchful  for  the  well-being  of  the  Regiment, 
and  fared  and  shared  with  them,  both  by  day  and  night.  Many 
^officers,  when  there  is  no  prospect  of  an  immediate  approach  of  the 
enemy,  leave  their  post  in  camp,  and  spend  a  week  or  two  at  a 
time  in  the  city  or  town  nearest  at  hand.  But  Colonel  M  prefer- 
ed  the  post  of  duty  to  the  place  of  pleasure.  He  was  promoted  to 
the  Colonelcy  on  the  3d  of  March,  1862. 

We  had  no  braver  man  in  our  army  than  he  was.  But  he,  it 
seems,  was  not  long  allowed  an  apportunity,  to  show  his  devotion 
to  his  country,  and  his  gallantry  on  I  he  field,  until  the  missile  of 
death  sought  and  found  the  shining  mark.  Colonel  Marshall  fell, 
pierced  by  a  minnie  ball,  on  the  field  of  Gaines'  Farm,  on  the  27th 
of  June.  He  had  been  in  the  battle  of  Eltham's  Landing  and 
Seven  Pines,  and  was  just  wheeling  with  his  Regiment  to  make 
one  of  the  most  brilliant  charges  known  in  history,  when  he  fell 
from  his  horse. 

And  we  have  reliable  information,  that,  had  he  survived  this 
bloody  scene,  he  would  have  received  the  promotion  of  Brigadier* 
General. 

His  death  will  be  felt  and  regretted,  not  only  by  the  army, 
but  the  State  of  Texas  will  mourn  his  fall. 

LIEUTENANT-COLONEL   BRADFUTE  WARWIOK. 

Was  the.  son  of  Corban  Warwick,  of  Richmond  Virginia';  born 
November  24th,  1839,  and  entered  upon  the  study  of  medicine — 
having  been  thoroughly  prepared,  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
his  17th  year. 

This  profession,  however,  was  not  his  first  choice  ;  for  with  an 
ardent  temperament  and  ambitious  aspiration,  he  preferred  a  lifeof 
more  hazardous  enterprise.     But  his  parent-  (ting,  and 

much  prefering  the  life  of  a  civilian  for  him,  he  reluctantly  yielded 
his  own  ambition  to  their  w  ishes.     And  as  a  second  • 
the  ,-tudy  of  medicine — with   their  a]  it  opened  up 

before  his  young  and  aspiring  mind,  the  widest  field  ofbei 
and  usefulness.     That  he  did  not  enter  upon  this  arduous   field  of 
labo.  with  a  view  to  its  lucrative  rewards,  is  quite  -  from 

the  fact  that  the  great   wealth  of  his  family,   made  it  tin: 
that  he  should  subject  himself  to  the  trial-   an  fat  igue 


120 

and  exposures  to  which  this  calling  would  necessarily  lead.  Ills 
estate  would  have  furnished  him  all  the  comforts  and  luxuries  of 
life.  But  not  willing  to  ,|ive  in  the  enjoyment  of  the  world's 
blessings,  without  being  a  blessing  to  others,  he  placed  his  eye  upon 
an  exalted  mark,  and  soon  his  foot-print  is  seen  in  the,  path  that 
leads  to  a  high  circle  of  usefullness. 

After  attending  a  course  of  lectures  at  the  Medical  College  tn 
thmond,  he  entered  the  Medical  College  of  New  York,  where  he 
graduated  at  the  close  of  the  first  year,  and  not  only  received  a 
diploma,  but  quite  a  complementary  one.  And  being  only  nine- 
teen, he  felt  unwilling  to  assume  the  responsibilities  of  a  profession, 
in  which  he  would  be  charged  with  the  life  of  others,  at  so  early  an 
age — }Tet  unwilling  to  spend  his  time  in  idleness,  and  also  desiring 
to  leave  no  branch  of  his  profession  unattained.  even  in  its  highest 
degree,  he  went  to  Paris  and  prosecuted  his  studies  until  the  fol-  , 
lowjng  summer.  When  the  exercises  of  the  College  suspended,  he 
concluded  to  spend  a  few  months  in  a  tour  through  Europe,  visi- 
ting the  battle-field  of  Solferjno,  Venice,  and  many  other  places- 
returning  to  Paris,  he  made  a  pedestrian  tour  of  the  Desert. 

On  resuming  his  studies,  his  health  began  to  fail,  and  he  was 
advi-ed  to  travel.  This  was  weleome  counsel  to  him,  and  he  im- 
liatelv  determined  on  a  trip  to  the  East,  where  every  city  and 
village,  every  town  and  hamlet,  every  mountain  and  valley,  river, 
spring,  and  almost  every  rock  is  the  subject  of  history — either  an- 
cient or  modern,  sacred  or  profane.  Icaly.  Greece  and  Turkey, 
afforded  a  wide  field  of  pleasure  and  literary  investigation  to  his  well 
cultivated'  mind.  But  his  trip  through  Asia  and  Africa  were  of 
greater  interest,  for,  although  not  more  classic  than  the  former, 
yet  there  was  more  adventure  than  in  other  countries.  He  often 
wrote  back  to  his  friends,  the  most  graphic  accounts  of  the  ancient 
relics  and  living  generation  through  which  he  passed.  And  it  was 
his  lot  to  be  in  Palestine  on  the  eve  of  the  great  massacre*of  the 
Christians  by  the  Druises. 

On  hi.-,  return  from -Jericho,  his  party  of  seventeen  men  encount-' 
ered  a  band  of  Arabs,  seventy  in  number,  which  the)-  put  to  ilight 
after  a  severe  conllict,  in  which  they  killed  several  of  the  inarau> 
ders,  and  lost  one  of  their  own  men.  On  their  arrival  at  Jerusa- 
lem, they  were  received  with  the  wildest  enthusiasm  by  the  inhabi- 


'  121 

tants.  For  the  savages  had  been  roaming  the  county  and  robbing 
travellers  for  years,  and  this  was  the  first  time  they  had  been 
overcome  for  a  long  period. 

Having  visited  almost  all  the  places  of  interest  in  the  country 
Where  Prophets  and  Apostles  had  dwelt  and  traveled,  and  wbero 
the  Saviour  of  the  world  had  lived  and  taught,  he  returned  via 
Constantinople  to  Europe.  On  his  arrival  in  Italy,  he  found  it  in 
commotion.  Italy,  long  bound  and  trodden  under  foot,  was  strug- 
gling to  be  free.  And  ere  he  was  aware,  all  his  de-ires  for  milita- 
ry life,  which  he  had  yielded  at  the  request  of  his  parents,  were 
revived,  and  he  was  lired  anew  with  the  prospect  of  entering  upon 
the  profession  of  arms.  But  as  he. had  declined  a  course  which  ho 
felt  would  give  uneasiness  and  pain  to  those  whom  the  scriptures 
taught  him  to  obey,  and  thereby  failed  to  receive  a  course  of  train- 
ing at  We-t  Point,  qualifying  himself  for  the  science  of  war,  and 
having  qualified  himself  to  heal,  and  not  to  inflict  wounds,  he 
could  not  feel  willing  to  offer  himself  in  any  other  capacity  than 
that  of  a  Surgeon  in  the  army.  But  presenting  himself  to  Gari- 
baldi, which  was  in  tbe  following  language,  viz  :  "  I  wish  the  ap- 
pointment of  Surgeon,  because  I  think  by  it,  I  can  do  more  good, 
but  place  me  any  where,  if  }<gu  do  not,  I  will  get  me  a  rifle  and 
fight  on  my  own  hook.  For  to  fight  or  physic  in  this  war,  I  am 
determined :' — he  was  unable  to  conceal  that  fire,  which,  no 
doubt,  he  had  long  since  believed  to  be  extinct.  And  we  will  here 
remark  that  his  parents  had  but  little  idea  when  tLey  objected  to 
his  military  course,  that  he  would  fall  on  the  bloody  field,  and  in 
the  terrible  charge  which  should  disconcert  the  foe,  and  contribute 
so  largely  to  the  relief  of  Richmond,  his  native  city,  from  a 
of  siege. 

The  great  Dictator  received  him  cordially,  and  gave  him  a  place 
on  the  Medical  Staff  as  he  desired.  But  he  did  not  remain  long  on 
this  duty.  It  was  too  near  the  place  for  which  his  ambition  was 
struggling,  when  he  abandoned  tfrc  idea  of  a  military  career.  At 
the  end  of  two  months,  he  resigned  his  commission  and  took  his 
place  in  the  ranks  as  a  common  soldier.     But  I  of  his  1 

was  upon  him,  and  having  a  knowledge  of  men  as  well  as  of  nat 
!i  :i  com      •       i  ;  and  serving  in  his  new  capaeitj— t 
great  satisfaction  of  the  Commander,  he  was  called  out  on  the  bat- 


122 

tie-field  and  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Captain,  for  his  bravery  and 
daring  during  the  engagement. 

It  was  at  Palermo,  that  he  identified  his  fortunes  with  this  mili- 
tary chieftan,  and  he  continued  with  him,  until  he  arrived  in  tri- 
umph  at  Capua.     During  this  time,  Lieutenant-Colonel  W:  par- 
.  in  eleven  regular  engagements,  besides  many  skirmishes; 
and  ftlso  rendered  much  valuable  service  in  other  important  mat- 
i  onnected  with  the  succes  of  the  campaign.     At  one  time  he 
sent  over  into  Calabria  as  a  spy,  and  by  the  successful  manner 
in  which  he  performed  this  duty,  won  for  himself  the  Cross  of  the 
Legion  of  Honor.     At  another  time,  he  was  sent  to  1  .ondon,  recruit- 
ing for  the  Dictator's    army,  of  which  the  "  Southern   Literary 
Messenger  "  speaks  in  the  following  language  : 

"What  an  example  Doctor  Bradfute  Warwick  has  set  the  young 
men  of  wealth  throughout  the  South  !  Scorning  the  delights  of 
Parisian  life,  and  burning  with  love  of  the  sacred  cause  of  liberty, 
he  joined  the  army  of  Carib.ddi.  Not  content,  with  this,  he  re- 
paired to  London,  and  by  his  personal  exertions  succeeded  in  en- 
listing three  hundred  recruits,  many  (f  them,  like  himself,  young 
gentlemen  of  family  and  fortune.  Deeds  like  this  must  not  be 
permitted  to  go  unpraised.  AVe  trust  our  young  Virginian  may 
ahare  fully  the  undying  fame  which  shall  attach  to  the  deliverers 
of  Italy.  It  will  be  a  proud  day  for  him  when  the  shout  of  libera- 
ted millions  shall  proclaim,  "  Italia  is  free  !"  a  day  worth  ten 
thousand  years  of  the  stagnant,  idle,  useless,  ^emi-idiotic  existence 
which  the  great  mass  of  men  born  to  wealth  pursue." 

It  has  been  our  pleasure  to  read  in  the  Richmond  "  Dispatch,"  a 
short  sketch  of  him,  after  his  return  from  this  brilliant  tour  in  the 
East  which  so  beautifully  and  correctly  presents  the  bearing  and 
deeds  of  this  gallant  young  ofiicer,  that  we  give  it  in  full. 

AN  OFFICER  OF  GARIBALDI. 

"We  had  yesterday  the  pleasure  of  meeting  with  Doctor  Brad- 
fute Warwick,  who,  as  our  readers  are  aware,  has  been  serving  with 
Garibaldi  throughout  his  late  campaign.  We  have  rarely  been 
more  pleased  with  a  rencountre.  Doctor  W.  isan  exceedingly  in- 
telligent young  man,  and  gave  us  a  most  interest!  ml  of  his 
adventures.     They  are  narrated  with  great  modesty,  and  without 


123 

the  least  appearance  of  bravado  or  presumption.  Doctor  Warwick 
is  but  twenty-one,  and  yet  be  has  already  been  in  cloven  pitched 
battles  and  innumerable  skirmishes,  lie  joined  Garibaldi  at  Pa- 
lermo, fought  in  all  bis  battles  and  left;  him  only  when  he  le-igned 
at  Capua.  Doctor  W.  is  a  Captain  in  the  Sardinian  service,  Victor 
Emanuel  having  adopted  I  he  soldiers  of  Garibaldi.  He  literally 
fought  his  way  up,  from  a  common  soldier  to  a  Captain,  in  six 
months  !  That  speaks  fur  more  than  Captain  Warwick's  mo 
allows  him  to  say." 

On  his  return  from  Calabria,  he  received  information  of  the 
troubles  in  his  native  hmd.  He  immediately  resigned,  and  set  out 
for  America.  On- reaching  Paris,  he  ascertained  that  the  "  Vander- 
bilt "  was  ready  to  sail  for  the  United  States.  He  made  all  his  ar- 
rangements, and  registered  his  name  with  the  passengeis  on  board, 
and  set-sail  on  1  is  homeward-bound  voyage  on  the  following  morn- 
ing. His  e}~e  and  heart  were  fixed  on  home  ;  and  his  mind  was  oc- 
cupied, and  his  thoughts  absorbed,  with  the  new  and  undeveloped 
events  about  to  transpire  on  a  theatre  to  which  he  was  more  near- 
ly allied.  He  had  entered  the  army  in  the  Old  World  to  assist  in 
the  common  cause  of  Liberty.  But  Home  and  Liberty  are  now 
blendid  in  the  same  scene.  When  he  started  out  on  his  trans-at- 
lantic  journey,  he  left  a  nation  smiling  with  peace,  and  rejoicing  in 
prosperity  and  wealth,  but  what  was  to  be  the  condition  of  affairs, 
and  the  state  of  public  feeling  on  his  return,  was  left  to  conjecture. 
And  as  the  vessel  was  bound  for  a  northern  port,  he  knew  not  the 
destiny  that  awaited  him  on  his  arrival.  And  thus  through  the 
whole  perod  which  elapsed  from  the  time  he  embarked,  until  he 
reached  the  American  Continent,  he  was  the  subject  of  alternate 
hopes  and  fear*.  But  on  his  arrival,  the  storm- cloud,  which,  in  its 
course,  was  to  sweep  over — first  brightning,  and  then  blasting  his 
brilliant  career,  had  not  sufficiently  culminated,  nor  broken 
his  path,  to  prevent  him  pursuing  his  way  linnn 

On  reaching  home,   although  passionately    fond  of  his  family,  he 
remained   but  a  short   time.     The  sound  of  the  tragi  ving 

the  heart  of  a  great  nation,  like  the  wind  moves  the  waves  of  the 
mighty  deep.  But  as  Virginia  had  not  formally  placed  herself  in 
the  ranks    with  her  Southern  .  he  could  not  enter  th- 

rice under  the  folds  of  "Sic  Semper    I  :ently  he 


124 

hastened  to  join  the  Southern  army.  For  the  cause  for  which  they 
had  begun  to  martial  their  hosts  was  that  of  freedom,  and  having 
already  offered  himself  upon  that  altar,  he  hastened  to  the  place 
where  the  camp  fires  were  burning,  and  whether  Virginia  ever 
became  a  member  cf  the  Southern  Confederal  or  not,  he  determ- 
ined to  identify  himself  with  the  Southern  cause,  and  become  a 
member  of  the  Southern  army.  He  reached  Charleston,  only  in 
time  to  see  Fort  Sumter  surrender  to  Beauregard,  which  he  regret- 
ted, as  he  wished  to  participate  in  every  contest  for  liberty. 

A\  hen  the  Ordinance  of  Secession  was  passed,  and  Virginia  be- 
came a  Southern  State,  he  returned,  and  with  the  rank  of  Captain, 
was  placed  on  the  Staff  of  General  Wise,  in  Western  Virginia— 
who  was  often  heard  to  speak  of  his  young  Aid  in  the  warmest 
terms ;  and  when  the  Texas  troops  were  organized  near  Richmond, 
he  was  honored  with  the  appointment  of  Major  to  the  4th  Regi- 
ment, in  consequence  of  his  military  reputation  and  daring  spirit. 

When  Hood  took  rank  as  Brigadier-General,  Major  Warwick 
was  made  Lieutenant-Colonel,  and  as  there  had  been  no  opportu- 
nity of  testing  the. coolness  and  bravery  of  their  young  Virginia 
officer,  many  of  the  men  had  their  fears  as  to  his  efficiency  on  the 
field.  B^t  at  the  battle  of  Eltham's  Landing,  he  satisfied  them 
that  he  would  not  only  stand  his  ground,  but  was  ready  to  advance 
and  meet  the  foe.  He  here  won  great  credit  for  himself,  even 
among  western  soldiers.  From  this  time,  he  won  upon  the  feel- 
ings and  confidence  of  those  who  had  objected  to  him,  because  he 
was  a  Virginian — not  because  they  did  not  like  Virginians,  but  be- 
cause of  their  own  State  pride — they  felt  that  we  should  have  had 
Texans  for.  our  officers,  which  fettling,  I  believe,  isAcommon  with 
the  soldiers  of  every  State. 

At  the  battle  of  Gaines'  Farm,  June  27th,  Colonel  Marshall  fell 
soon  alter  the  Regiment  entered  the  field  in  front  of  the  enemy's 
guns.  Lieutenant-Colonel  W.  was  then  in  command,  and  none  be- 
haved more  gallantly  than  he  did  on  that  day.  As  we  were  ad- 
vancing, preparatory  to  that  memorable  charge  which  broke  the 
right  arm  of  the  enemy's  power,  he  picked  up  a  battle-flag  which  had 
been  left  by  some  of  our  troops  on  the  field,  and  carried  it  in  his 
hand,  and  waving  it  over  their  heads,  cheered  them  on  to  glory 
and  to  victory.     But  he  was  not  long  to  enjoy  this  triumph  in  the 


125 

full  bright  beams,  with  •which  it  will  radiate" the  brow  of  his  com- 
mand iu  future  time.  He  bad  passed  the  second  line  of  the  ene- 
my's defences  with  his  men,  and  was  about  to  plant  his  flag  upon  a 
battery  which  they  had  captured,  when  a  minnie  ba'l  pierced  his 
right  breast,  a£l  he  fell  mortally  wounded. 

Thus  ends  tQe  brilliant  career  of  one  of  our  most  gallant  offi- 
cers, ana  one  of  Virginia's  bravest  sons.  A  man  of  military  tal- 
ent, and  high  literary  and  social  attainments — capable  of  adorning 
in  the  high  circle  which  nature  had  indicated,  and,  for  which,  no 
pains  had  been  spared  in  fitting  him  to  move. 

The  4th  Texas,  will,  while  recounting  the  incidents  of  this  event- 
ful campaign,  ever  speak  of  him  in  terms  of  unmeasured  praise, 
and  think  of  his  deeds  with  the  greatest  pride.  While  his  family 
will  treasure  his  honors  as  an  inheritance  bequeathed,  and  acknowl- 
edge him  worthy  their  ancient  name. 

And  knowing  the  state  of  his  mind,  both  befirj  and  after  he 
fell,  we  have  reasons  to  hope  that  he  lives  beyond  the  land  of  mis- 
fortune in  the  regions  of  peace.  I^or  about  two  hours  before  he 
received  that  mortal  wound,  we  asked  him  how  he  felt  in  view 
of  the  anticipated  struggle,  he  said,  "  If  we  have  an  engagement  to- 
day, I  expect  to  go  down."  Then  how  do  you  feel  in  view  of  such 
a  result  ?  He^replied,  ("I  never  prayed  so  fervently,  nor  so  con- 
stantly during  any  day  of  my  life,  as  I  have  on  this  day.") 

After  a  few  sentences  more,  the  comm'and  moved  forward,  and 
on  leaving  him,  we  added,  "  Put  your  trust  in  the  Son  of  God, 
and  whether  you  go  down,  or  come  through  safely,  it  shall  be  well 
with  you."     He  replied,  "  I  will,"  and  led  on  to  the  field. 

On  the  6th  of  July,  he  was  relieved  by  death  of,  all  his  suffer- 
ings.    His  funeral  was  attended  by  Rev.  Dr.  Minnegerode. 

BRIGADIER-GENERAL  J.   B.  ROBERTSON, 

Was  born  in  Woodford  County,  Kentucky,  and  at  the  age  of  twelve, 
was  left  an  orphan,  and  without  means.  He  was  bound  out  for  the 
period  of  his  minority,  but  by  his  industry  and  economy,  purchased 
his  liberty  at  eighteen,  and  begun  the  study  of  medicine  as  soon 
as  he  had  made  sufficient  literary  advancement  to  enable  him  to 
do  so.  lie  had  gone  to  school  regular  ly,  only  three  months  prior 
to  his  18  th  year. 


126 

A l »out  the  time  he  completed  his  course,  he  left  Kentucky  with 
a,  company  of  volunteers,  to  join  the  Texans  in  1835,  in  their  strag- 
gle for  independence.  The  battle  of  San  Jacinto  was  fought  while 
they  wep<  to  from  New  Orleans  to  Valasco.     They  joined  in 

the  pursuit  of  the  enemy  to  the  Rio  Grande,  and  hq^was  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  Captain,  which  he  held  until  the  Army  of  the  Repub- 
lic was  furloughed  in  June,  1837.  He  then  resumed  his  profession 
of  medicine  in  Washington  County;  but  owing  to  the  unsettled 
con  lition  of  affairs  with  Mexico,  and  the  hostilities  of  the  Indians, 
he  was  again  called  to  the  field,  and  put  in  command  of  a  regiment 
and  during  the  years  1839  and  1840,  the  savages  were  made  to 
fear  and  feel  the  force  of  his  command.  He  was  an  active  partici- 
pant in  all  the  stirring  events  which  transpired  from  the  independ- 
ence of  Texas,  both  with  the  Mexicans  and  Indians,  until  annexation 
with  the  United  States. 

In  1848,  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  was  one  of 
its  ablest  and  most  efficient  members.  In  1850,  he  was  elected  to 
Kite  :  and  at  that  early  day,  advocated  the  necessity  of 
preparing  for  a  contest  with  the  Yankee-,  which  he  then  saw  was 
coming.  He  was  one  of  the  members  of  the  Convention  that  pass- 
ed the  Ordinance  of  Secession,  and  was  one  of  the  first  to  raise  a 
company  and  hasten  to  the  contest.  He  was  promoted  to  the  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonelcy of  the  5th  Texas  Regiment,  on  arriving  at  Rich* 
moo  1.  And  on  the  2d  of  June,  when  Colonel  Archer  received  the 
appointment  of -Brigadier-General,  he  took  the  :ank  of  Ujlonel.— 
And  as  to  the  gallantry  of  his  conduct  at  Gaines'  Farm,  Freeman's 
Ford,  Manassas  and  Boonsboro  Gap,  the  preceeding 'pages  have  al- 
ready testified.  Physical  exhaustion  after  the  last  named  battle, 
Was  so  great,  that  he  had  to  be  hauled  off  the  field;  and  was  thereby 
prevented  from  participating  in  the  engagement  at  Sharpsburg. 

But  the  recommendation  of  General  Hood,  and  the  appointment 
of  this  b'-ave  officer  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier- General,  November 
1st,  1862,  speaks  more  in  his  praise,  than  I  am  able,  otherwise,  to 
do.  He  is  now  in  command  of  the  Texas,  Brigade,  in  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac. 

DANIEL  COLLINS  AND  THE  BRASS  BAND. 

This  part  of  our  organization  has  to  the  mind  of  many,  been  of 


127 

but  little  advantage  in  the  camps,  or  service  on  the  field.  But  to 
the  mind  of  an  observing  man,  it  is  evident  they  have  done  a  great 
amount  of  good.  For  there  is  nothing  better  calcula^d  to  stir  up 
all  the  soldier  in  the  composit:on  of  the  man,  than  the  thrilling 
strains  of  martial  music,  as  it  rises  and  swells  in  harmonious  eupho- 
ny from  a  well  trained  band. 

When  the  men  arc  weary  and  exhausted,  its  soft  notes  on  the 
night  air,  drive  away  the  thoughts  of  fatiguing  marches,  and 
quietly  lulluthe  soldier  to  rest.  And  the  bugle's  blast  at  reveille 
reminds  him,  as  he  is  aroused  from  slumber,  that  he  is  a  soldier  j 
and  to  his  guardianship  has  been  committed  the  weal  of  a  great 
nation,  as  well  as  the  peaceful  enjoyment  of  his  own  little  home. 

This  principle  was  well  understood  by  the  great  Napoleon,  who 
would  have  the  mothers  of  France  teach  their  children  the  science 
of  war,  ere  they  could  handle  the  gun,  or  could  scarcely  climb 
the  door-step.  Each  little  man  had  his  toy  drum  and  com 
gun,  and  thus  grew  up  from  the  cradle,  a  man  and  a  soldier.  Na- 
poleon knew  that  music  had  a  powerful  charm  upon  the  soul,  and, 
consequently,  by  it,  held  the  armies  of  France  chained  to  his  will' 
and  led  them  through  Russian  snows  and  ever  Alpine  mountains, 
whithersoever  he  pleased. 

But,  to  make  music  for  the  braves,  was  not  all  the  service  ren- 
dered by  the  band.  For  being  organized,  they  served  as  guard  t-. 
the  knapsacks  and  blankets,  which  the  men  could  not  carry  into 
the  fight,  and  also  as  nurses  to  the  wounded  as  they  were  brought 
in  from  the  battle  to  the  Field  Infirm  iry.  And  as  it  wa- 
on  two  occasions,  to  be  present  at  these  scenes  of  suffering,  we  take 
pleasure  in  saving,  they  labored  with  untiring  zeal  for  i 
nights  together  without  sleep,  and  with  but  little  food.    ■ 

[MPROVED  CONDITION  OF  THE  HOSPITALS. 

In  the  earlier  part  of  the  campaign,  the  sick  and  woi  ,ller- 

ed  much  for  the  want  of  efficient  Suj  ft  and 

Hospital  room  and  appliances  generally.    There.,  rioua 

and  many.  We  had  been  living  at  peace  with  ourselves  an  1  with 
all   the  nations  so  Ion,-   that   we   had  but    very  f.   i  who 

rjstood  Military  Surgeiy.    Many  of  them  had,  though  p 
ing  Physic  I  .never  dressed  a  gun-shot  wound.    This  was. 


128 

although  a  great  want  of  skill  and  fitness  for  army  surgery,  .more 
their— and,  consequently,  our  misfortune,  than  a  fault  on  their  part. 
There  are  doik  scores  of  young  men,  who  had  never  begun  the  prac- 
tice of  medicine  before  the  commencement  of  the  war,  much  better 
prMfiticcU  Bin  ban  any  of  the  surgeons,  in  whose  hands  the 

knife  w  a  placed*  except  a  comparatively  small  number.  And 
while  the  young  men  have  been  thus  qualifying  themselves,  the 
older  on<  been  making  more  than  equal  advancement. 

In  the  next  place,  the  nurses  have  acquired  a  skill  and  aptness  in 
their  duties,  which,  in  a  great  measure,  lessens  the  annoyance  and 
pain  of  the  sulferers. 

The  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Hospitals  have  also  been  syste- 
matized and  adapted  to  the  comfort  of  the  patients,  as  well  as  to 
the  convenience  of  their  friends,  who  como  to  look  after,  and  do 
offices  of  kindness  for  them. 

The  room  which  has  been  provided,  is  now  ample  for  an}'  num- 
ber that  will  ever,  at  any  one  time,  have  to  be  quartered  for  treat- 
ment. 

The  number  and  improvements  in  all  the  various  appliances  for 
the  hospitals  are  almost,  if  not  quite,  as  extensive  as  the  quartera 
which  have  been  fitted  up. 

The  supply  of  medicines  i.s  yet  limited,  but  the  great  accessions 
and  improvements,  in  all  the  other  branches  ofgthe  healing  depart- 
ment are  so  many  and  great,  that  they  very  much  make  amends 
for  this  dadd&ratwm. 

And  in  addition  to  all  the  improvements  mentioned,  the  regula- 
tions Lave  been  so  amended  as  to  provide  a  matron  for  each  "Ward. 
A  woman  is  to  be  seen  supervising  the  culinary  department,  the 
Laundry  and  Wardrobe,  and  keeping  an  eye  to  the  cleanliness  of 
the  ward,  and  neatness  of  the  patients.  Nothing  could  have  been 
suggested,  that  will  add  more  to  the  comfort  and  cheer  of  these 
houses  cf  suffering.  It  is  a  position  of  honor,  and  opens  a  wide 
field  for  usefulness,  and  deeds  of  love  and  mercy  to  the  mothers  of 
our  country,  which  is  hailed  with  as  much  satisfaction  by  the  sol- 
diers, as  it  will  be  a  source  of  pride  to  the  women  of  the  South,  as 
long  as  they  live. 

And  the  last,  though  not  the  least  among  the  arrangements, 
which  will  add  to  the  comfort  of  all  concerned,  that  we  will  here 


\29 

mention,  h  the  quartering  of  the  soldiers  of  different;  States  to- 
gether. The  importance  of  so  doing  is  so  obvious>  both  for  tbt 
comfort  of  the  sick  man,  and  the  convenience  of  his  friends,  that  no 
one  will  fail  to  see  and  appreciate  it. 

And  although  the  Surgeon  General  did  take  it  upon  himself,  to 
attempt  to  give  me  a  little  lecture,  for  quarreling  a  little  with 
some  of  the  Surgeons  at  the  Chimborazo  Hospital,  for  the  manner 
in  which  they  treated  some  of  our  men  j  yet  I  will  say  that  the 
present  condition  of  the  Hospitals  does  great  credit  to  him,  bot^ 
as  a  Surgeon  and  a  State  officer. 

And  to  Di\  Smith,  the  Post  Surgeon  at  Winchester,  the  thanks 
of  our  men  are  due,  and  we  take  the  liberty  of  tendering  them 
through  this  medium,  for  the  kindness  that  we  received  at  his  hands, 
For  we  have  not  seen  an  officer  since  our  connection  with  the  servico 
who  labored  so  incessantly,  both  day  and  flight,  to  provide  a  place 
and  means  of  comfort  for  the  hundreds  of  sick  and  wounded,  who 
were  sent  to  the  rear  during  our  Maryland  campaign. 

Dr.  Thomas  and  the  Sisters  of  Charity,  at  the  Infirmary  St.  Francis 
de  Sales,  have  also  favored  us  with  all  the  benefits  that  kind  treat- 
ment and  attentive  nursing  could  aiford. 

CONTRIBUTIONS. 

In  consequence  of  the  immense  demands  upon  the  Quartermas- 
ter's Department,  it  has  not  been  able  to  furnish  the  requisite 
amount  of  clothing,  to  keep  the  men  from  suffering  during  the  win- 
ter. And  with  a  view  to  supplying  the  deftcienc}7 — as  we  are  too 
far  from  home,  and  with  many  difficulties  intervening,  to  look  for 
help  from  our  friends — the  following  card,  prefaced  by  the  Editor 
of  that,  excellent  paper,  made  its  appearance  in  the  u  Whig,"  on  the 
5th  of  November: 

"  We  call  attention  to  the  statement  below,  assured  that  the  citi- 
zens of  Richmond  need  no  comments  from  us  to  kiduce  a  prompt 
response  to  the  simple  and  touching  appea'  of  the  Tcxp.ns — bravest 
among  the  brave.  The  4th  Texas,  to  which  Mr.  Davis  is  attached, 
distinguished  itself  greatly  in  the  battle  at  Gaines1  P:>r:u,  wh«.-re 
Lieut.  Col.  Bradfute  Warwick  fell,  while  leading  it  into  action. — 
The  4th  Texas  has  a  special  claim  upon  Richmond,  which  we  doubt 

not  will  be  fall v  recognized." 
9 


130 

TEXANS  BAREFOOTED. 

Richmond,  November  4tL 
To  the  Editor  of  the  Whig  : 

I  have  just  arrived  from  Frederick>burg  ;  the  prospects  are  good 
fpr  a  fight,  but  our  men  are  not  all  shod.  On  yesterday  evening 
an  order  was  read  on  dress  parade  to  the  effect  that,  being  bare- 
footed would  not  excuse  any  man  from  duty.  Those  who  were 
without  shoes,  were  ordered  to  make  moccasins  of  raw  hide,  and% 
stand  in  their  places;  and  we  feel  that  Texans  will  come  as  near 
discharging  their  duty  as  any  who  will  meet  the  next  struggle ; 
but  1  ask  the  good  people  of  Richmond  and  surrounding  country, 
if  they  will  stand  by  and  see  them  go  into  the  fight  without  shoes. 
We  are  too  far  from  home  to  look  to  our  friends  there  for  help. — 
We  acknowledge  the  kindness  shown  us  last  winter,  and  many  of 
the  recipients  have  poured  out  their  life's  blood  on  the*  soil  of  Vir- 
ginia*, 

We  are  from  the  far  South,  and  the  cold  is  severe  to  us.  It  will 
require  at  least  one  hundred  pairs  of  shoes,  and  five  hundred  pairs 
of  socks  to  complete  one  suit  for  our  men.  Those  who  are  disposed 
to  contribute,  will  please  send  for  war -1  their  mite  to  the  depot  of 
the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  or  the  depot  of  the  4th 
Texas  Regiment,  en  15th  street,  between  Main  and  Gary,  over 
RatolifFs,  and  it  will  be  forwarded  immediately. 

N.  A.  DAVIS, 
Chaplain  4th  Texas. 

In  answer  to  this  appeal,  we  have  received  from  Miss  Virginia 
Dibrell,  (collected,  from  various  contributions,)  $268  25;  Miss 
Mattie  M.  Nicholas  and  Mrs.  Garland  Hanes.  (proceeds  of  a  concert 
at  the  Buckingham  Female  Institute.)  ($175  05;  from  the  Ladies' 
Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  New  Market,  Nelson  county,  a  box  filled 
with  clothing;  Mrs.  Wm.  G.  Paine,  seventy-eight  pairs  socks;  Mr. 
Wm.  Bell,  Chairman  of  the  Purchasing  Committee  of  the  citizens 
of  Richmond,  one  hundred  pairs  of  shoes;  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association,  thirty  rugs,  one  hundred  and  forty -six  pairs  of  draw- 
ers, one  hundred  and  nine  shirts,  ninety-four  pairs  of  gloves,  am' 
four  hundred  and  ten  pairs  socks,  besides  a  number  of  smaller  sums- 
and  packages,  which  have  warmed  both  the  feet  and  hearts  of  ouf 


1S1 

men;  who  feel  that  it  is.  unnecessary  to  attempt  to  express  their 
gratitude  for  these  unexpected  favors.  But,  by  way  of  acquitting 
the  claims  of  the  young  ladies,  the  boys  are  willing  to  promise  to 
take  them  home  with  them,  and  work  for  them  as  loi  g  as  they  live. 
In  return  for  the  liberality  extended  to  our  men,  the  Brigade, 
after  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  contributed  near  $0,000  to  the 
sufferers  of  this  unfortunate  city— Hood?s  Minstrels  giving  about 
$400  of  that  amount. 

CONCLUSION. 

For  the  present,  we  must  take  leave  of  the  reader,  with  the 
promise  of  continuing  our  journal  until  the  sunlight  of  peace  re- 
turns.    And   then  it  is  our  purpose  to  present   a  history  of  the 
whole  campaign.     There  may  be,  and  doubtless,  are  many  dark 
hours  between  this,  and  that  long  desired  and  much  wished  for  time. 
But  the  same  unyielding  courage,  and  patience  in  suffering,  which 
you   have  manifested   hitherto,  will  biing  it  after  a  while.     To* 
much  cannot  be  said  in  praise  of  that  noble,  seif-sacrificins;  devo- 
tion, which  has  been  exhibited  for  the  cause  of  Southern  Libertv 
.  in  your  past  history.     And  I  am  proud^to  say,  that  notwithstand- 
ing all  the  trials  and  hardships,  privations  and  sufferings,  you  have 
been  called  to  endure,  that  the  same  uncompromising,  living  patri- 
otism burns  as   warmly  in  your  bosoms   to-day,  as  when  you  firbt 
left  the  quiet  walks  of  civil  life,  and  entered  the  army  of  3-our 
country.     And,  for  which,  your  country  will  not  only  praise,  but 
love  you  while  you  live,  and  your  names  after  you  are  dead. 
'That  there  have  been  privations  suffered  by  our  army,  which  might 
have  been  avoided,  we  do  not  deny.     And  that  the  policy  pursued 
by  those  in  authority,  in  some  instances,  seemed  unwise,  we  also 
admit.     But  it  becomes  us,  as  patriot  soldiers,  to  regard  these  with 
a  charitable  eye.     For  while  we  have  been  exposed  to  the  missiles 
of  death   from  the  enemy,  and  the  diseases  of  the  camp,  we  feel 
assured  that  our  friends  at  home,  and  the  authorities  at  Richmond, 
have  been  doing  all  the  while,  what  the}*,  at  the  time    believed  to 
be  for  the  best.     To  believe  otherwise,  would  be  unkind  and.  un- 
just.    For  it  is  as  much  to  their  interest  as  ours,  that  that  policy 
be  pursued,  which  will  bring  this  cruel  war  to  a  speedy  and  honor- 
able close.     If,  then,  they  have  erred  in  some  things,  it  does  rot 


132 

become  us  to  speak  evil,  or  unjustly  accuse  them,  for  it  is  the  mis- 
fortune of  man  to  err.  , 

It  is  the  opinion  of  some,  that  "  The  danger  js  in  such  a  contest 
as  we  are  now  waging,  that  we  will  be  too  favorably  and  generous- 
ly   disposed  towards    the   Government,     rather  tban   piejudiced 
against  it — that  we  will  be  blind  to  its  faults,  rather  than  eager  and 
exacting  in   their  exposure."     We  should  not  be  blind,  it  is  true. 
But  that  some  are  more  eagerly  exacting  than  is  profitable,  either 
to  themselves   or  their  country,  is  equally  true.     They  are  not 
blind,  we  know,  when  they  can  see  so  clearly  as  to  discover  a  poli- 
cy for  the  administration,  and  a  plan  of  operation  for  the  army, 
that  would,  while  we  were  without  the  means  of  defence  or  ag- 
gression, have   steered  the   Ship  of  State   clear  of  breakers,   and 
brought  her  into  port,  without  a  single  defeat.     They  have  never 
failed  to  charge  the  administration  with  every  defeat  we  have  suf- 
fered.    They  are  ready  whenever  we  meet  a  reverse,  to  show  the 
muses,  and   blame  the  President.     They   make   no  allowances  for 
the  skill  and  superior  numbers  of  the  enemy — their  great  resour- 
ces and  superior  arms  and  advantageous  positions.     But  their  con- 
dition is  soon  drawn — the  authorities  at  Richmond,  or  some  man 
with  a  commission  from  Jeff  Davis  in  his  pocket,  was  the  cause  of 
it.     They  aie  not  only  "  eager,''  but  "exacting;"  and  the}''  are  so 
eager  in  their  exaction,  that  they  do  not  wait  to  inquire  the  cause, 
but  with  their  eyes  open  to  the  "faults"  of  the  Government,  they 
begin  their   unholy   work  of  iault-iinding.     Oh,   what  a  pity  fhe 
President  did  not  have  his  fault-finding  seers  in   his  Cabinet,  so 
they  could  have  prophesied  before  the  battle  was  fought;  whether 
Israel  wourd  prevail,  or  the  Philistines  succeed  !     But  with  their 
great  wisdom,  they  could  have  alwa}7s  prophesied  victory — and  "  a 
victory  it  must  have  been." 

These  wise  men,  tell  you,  soldiers,  that  you  should  not  only  be 
"  eager  "  and  exacting,  but  you  should  be  "  prejudiced  "  against 
the  President  and  officers  of  State,  whom  you  have  called  to  these 
high  positions,  while  you  would  go  and  fight  the  battles  of  your 
country.  Why  do  they  desire  you  to  be  prejudiced  against  them  ? 
What  good  can  come  of  such  "  eager,  exacting  prejudice?"  For 
my  own  part,  I  am  unable  to  see  any  jus.t  cause  for  this  gratuitous 
alarm,  unless  it  be  to  attract  attention  to  their  important  selves 


.  133 

and  have  you  claim  a  place  in  tie  Cabinet  for  them.  The  Presi- 
dent is  the  same  man  he  was,  when  he  was  called  to  the  chair  in 
Montgomery.  He  is  the  same  man,  and  with  the  same  views  and 
policy,  as  when  you,  in  one  united  voice,  a  year  ago,  f-aid  he  wns 
the  man  which  you  desired  to  stand  at  the  helm  through  this 
storm  which  had  already  broken  upon  the  South  in  all  its  whirl- 
wind fury.  And  he  is  still  heading  the  ship  in  the  same  direction, 
as  when  you  called  upon  him  to  take  an  oath  that  he  would  stand 
in  the  pilot-house  for  the  next  six  years.  His  eye  is  still  fixed 
upon  the  Polar  Star  of  your  liberties,  and  notwithstanding  the 
false  alarms  of  the  frightened  or  fault  finding  portions  of  the  crew, 
they  cannot  divert  his  attention  from  its  glorious  light  on  the  hiHs 
of  American  hope.  The  false  lights  that  arc  kindling1  along  the 
shore,  have  never  caused  him  to  vere  from  the  course,  and  I  am 
persuaded  that  the  false  cries  of  rocks  and  breakers  ahead,  by  these 
"eager,  exacting,  prejudiced"  ones,  will  not  be  able  to  move  his 
neves,  or  cause  h  m  to  deviate  from  the  light  of  that.  Star  which 
has  grown  mucli  brighter  and  nearer,  than  it  was  last  February. 

We  know  that  it  is  unreasonable,  to  expect  any  one  to  fill  the 
high  position  which  he  occupies,  and  be  able*  to  please  every  man. 
No  form,  nor  period  of  any  government,  has  ever  been  free  from 
such  "eager,  exacting,  prejudiced,  fault-finders"  as  we  already 
discover  to  exist  in  our  young  Republic.  No,  not  even  the  Theoc- 
racy itself  was  free  from  such  men,  for  Korah,  Dathan  and  Abiram, 
thought  Moses  and  Aaron  took  too  much  upon  themselves.  And 
so  it  is  now.  These  men  think  the  President  takes  too  much  upon 
himself.  "He  makes  the  members  of  his  Cabinet  act  as  chief 
clerks,  &c,  <Sbc."  The  great  difficulty  seems  to  be,  that,  the  Presi- 
dent examines  too  minutely,  all  the  business  of  the  different  de- 
partments. But  this  »s  what  you  claimed  at  his  hand,  when  you 
required  him  to  take  the  oath  of  the  office  to  which  ycu  elected 
him,  and  which  he  has  filled  as  well  as  any  other  man  in  our  na- 
tion could  have  done.  And  if  he  fail  to  scrutinize  the  whole  nv 
tional  machinery  with  constant  vigilance,  then  he  should  resign  the 
solemn  trust. 

To  speak  evil  of  the  authorities  in  our  Government,  to  be 

the  pleasing   emplo}rment  of  the  class  of  men   referred  to.     They  ^ 
have  not  known,  or  if  known,  they  have  not  learned   to  practice 


134 

4he  sacred  law  of  charity,  which  "hideth  a  multitude  of  faults.." 
There  is  a  God,  and  that  "  God  doeth  his  will  in  the  army  of 
Heaven,  and  his  pleasure  among  the  children  of  men."  lie  has 
grven  us  a  Bible,  and  that  Bible  says,  "  Thou  shalt  not  speak  evft 
•f  the  ruler  of  thy  people,"  but  they  have  never  learned  or  prac- 
ticed tin's  command.  And  instead  of  practicing-  it  themselves,  they 
would  have  you  prejudiced,  and  eagerly  exacting  in  your  de- 
mands.    Oh  what  a  shame  ! 

When  our  army  is  successful,  they  sajr  "  the  soldiers  did  it.  " — 
Tnis  is  true.  But  did  the  soluiers  win  the  victory  without  officers  ? 
And  did  the  soldiers  and  officers  in  the  army  plan  the  campaign, 
and  fight  the  battles  without  the  knowledge  and  counsel  of  the 
President  and  his  Cabinet '?  We  are  persuaded  that  the  brave 
soldiers  of  onr  army  would  desire  to  claim  no  such  thing.  And 
while  you  are  doing  all  }rou  can  to  win  our  liberties,  you  are  wil- 
ling to  do  justice  to  all,  from  the  highest  to  the  lowest.  And 
while  you  claim  the  honor  due  to  your  noble  deeds,  you  are  as  wil- 
ling  to  confer  that  honor  due  to  both  the  officers  of  the  army,  and 
officers  of  State. 

It  seems  to  be  the  object  of  these  «ncn,  if  it  be  possible,  to  sow 
the  seeds  of  discord  in  our  country  and  our  army,  and  thereby 
destroy  the  list  hope  of  American  freedom.  For  such  would  be 
the  legitimate  result  of  their  conduct.  But  we  are  proud  to  know 
that  the  men  whom  they  desire  to  disafTect,  and  persuade  into  the 
same  unholy  calling  with  themselves,  have  too  much  sense,  and  too 
much  love  of  liberty  and  home  at  heart,  to  be  influenced  by  those, 
who,  instead  of  taking  their  muskets  and  helping  you  drive  the  in- 
vader from  their  own  soil,  are  spending  their  days  in  ease,  and 
their  breath  in  slander. 

We  are  proud  to  know  that  you  cherish  a  sovereign  contempt 
for  such  men,  and  for  the  cause  in  which  they  are  engaged.  For 
you  are  aware  that  there  were  men  in  the  days  of  your  revolution- 
ary sires,  who  did  the  same.  And  you  know,  too,  that  the  con- 
tempt of  the  world  rested  upon  them,  and  upon  their  children, 
ever  afterwards. 

And,  in  conclusion,  we  ask  you  to  look  back  over  the  history  of 
our  national  career,  for  the  last  twelve  months.  We  have  been  de- 
feated  in  several  engagements,  it  is  true,  but  it  was  in  a  branch  of 


135 

•the  service  in  which  we  never  have  had  but  little  power.  We 
have  lost  our  little  fleet,  and  some  of  our  sea-ports.  But  how 
■many  victories  crown  your  arms  by  land  ?  And  although  some 
would  have  you  believe  that  our  administrati  m  has  been  charac- 
terized by  imbecility,  and  the  departments  with  inefficiency,  we 
ask  you  now,  to  look  at  the  army,  which  is  the  pride  of  our  na- 
tion, and  the  admiration  of  the  world.  It  is  well  trained  and  well 
armed,  and  stands  in  proud  defiance  of  the  mustering  legions  of  the 
North.  Less  than  twenty  thousand  of  whom,  but  a  few  flays  ago, 
defeated  the  whole  of  the  enemy's  Grand  Army  at  Fredericksburg, 
themselves  being  the  confessors. 

We  admit  the  force,  and  quote  the  language  of  one  of  our  great 
statesmen,  via  :  "  Eternal  vigilance,  is  the  price  of  liberty,"  but  we 
would  also  remind  you  of  the  fact,  that  confidence  in  each  other, 
is  fie  sheet  anchor  uf  cur  safety.  For  united  we  stand,  divided  we 
fall.  And  while  we  have  enemies  from  abroad,  and  pressing  upon 
our  borders,  let  us  not  forget  that  we  have  enemies  as  subtile,  ma- 
lignant and  dangerous  at  home.  But  with  vigilanee  for  our  cause, 
and  confidence  in  each  other — in  our  officers  of  the  army  and  of 
the  State,' we  shall  not  fail  to  discover  every  attempt  they  shall 
make,  and  by  the  help  of  Almighty  God,  we  will  finally  con- 
quer our  peace,  and  drive  the  aliens  from  our  homes,  and  the  secret 
enemies  from  our  altars. 

And  although  you  long  for  the  time,  and  signal  to  stack  your 
arms  and  return  to  your  distant  homes,  yet  we  know  that  it  is 
ypur  unchangeable  determination  to  keep  the  camp  fires  burning 
around  the  borders  of  your  bleeding  country,  until  you  have  forced 
the  hords  of  Yankees  from  the  land  of  wooden-nutmegs,  to  ac- 
knowledge your  independence — or  else  you  will  fill  the  soldiers 
grave.  For  yon,  by  }Tour  recent  campaign,  have  declared  that  you 
intend  to  die  on  the  field,  unless  you  sLall  be  allowed  the  enjoy- 
ments of  the  liberties  bequeathed  by  your  ancestors.  For  a» 
honorable  death  is  preferable  to  an  ignominious  life.  And  you  are 
Also  aware  of  the  fact,  that  "  while  yew  are  determined  co  be  free, 
you  never  can  be  conquered." 

May  the  living  God  preserve  you  from  the  pestilence  that  rides 
viper,  the  winds,  and  shield  your  hoads  in  the- day  of  battle. 


APPENDIX. 

(n  presenting  a  list  of  the  killed  and  wounded,  we  Lave  made  tj 
as  correct  as  we  possibly  could.  If  we  have  made  mistakes  m  spell- 
rug  some  of  the  names,  we  would  be  glad  to  have  them  corrected, 
in  view  of  making  it  correct  when  the  Journal  is  finally  completed. 
And  if  we  have  not  done  each  one  justice  in  the  Roll  of  the' 4th, 
m  the  different  engagements,  we  will  take  pleasure  in  making  any 
corrections  desired,  provided  the  corrections  are  legally  authorized 
by  the  company  officers — otherwise  wo  cannot  take  the  liberty  of 
altering  it,  as  it  was  made  by  official  order,  and  subjected  to  the 
examination  of  the  officers  who  furnished  it  to  me,  as  nearly  cop- 
rect  as  circumstances  would  enable  them  to  make  it.  I  am  not 
responsible  for  the  errors  that  may  occur.  For  the  tables  were 
made  out  by  others. 

Many  of  you  have  made  a  bright  record — one,,  of  which  you  will 
be  proud  until  the  day  of  your  death.  And  we  hope  we  shall  have 
the  pleasure  of  concluding  it  with  as  much  honor  as  it  has  been, 
thus  far  sustained. 

Killed  and   Wounded  of  the  Hampton  Legion,  in  the  different  Engage- 
ments of  the  Campaign,  as  fornuhed  hy  B.  J.  Boaknigfd.  Lieutenant,. 

acting  Adjutant. 

Killed.        Wounded. 

Williamsburg  and  Seven  Fines,     -    -  22  122 

Gaines'  Farm, -     -  2  18 

Manassas,     _---.----..  12  78 

Sharpsburg, t>  48 

Total, 45  2.0  i 

i  it  of  Killed  and  Wounded  of  the  t$th  G.a.,  in  the  different  Engage- 
ments cf  the  Campaign,  furnished  by  order  of  Col.  Woffordt 

SEVEN  PINES. 
Co.  H.— Wounded— A.  J.  Nallay,  John  Ward. 
Co.  K. — Wounded — G..  M.  Scott,  J.  H.  Carroll.     Total  wound- 
ed, 4. 


LIST  OF  CASUALTIES,  CONTINUED.  137 

GAINES'  FARM. 

Co.  A— Killed— J.  E.  Jackson,  S.  IX  Price,  Win.  Stansel. 

Wounded. — II.  Gragg,  S.  M.  Owens,  J.  M.  Abney,  A.  G.  Demp- 
sy,  G.  W.  Grisham,  J.  J.  Mima,  A.  Nichols,  F.  M.  Summers,  J.  W. 
Smith,  W.  J.  Stanley,  W.  A.  Steele,  J.  R.  Thacker,  W.  J.  Tanner. 

Co.  B.-Killed— J.  B.  Watkins. 

Wounded 1st  Serg't  S.  P.  Doss,  J.  W.  Allman,  Eliliu  Allman, 

E,  W.  Chandler,  S.  A.  Hill,  J.  I).  Hill,  A.  J.  Hendry,  W.  J.  Les- 
ter, II.  Miller,  W.  J.  Morgan,  L.  J.  Richardson,  0.  P.  Richard.-on, 
W.  B.  Stowers,  Jas.  Veal,  J.  A.  Winborn. 

Co/C.— Killed— 1st  Lieut.  McCulloch,  J.  T.  Appleby,  Willis 
Auglin,  C.  Harwell,  J.  J.  Moore,  II.  W.  McElhannan,  J.  II.  Thur- 
mond. Wounded — 2d  Lieut.  Silman.  1st  Sergeant  II.  W.  Bell,  3d 
Serg't  E.  M.  Eustace,  T.  C.  Bowles,  W.  G.  Harris,  B.  B.  Morgan. 
J.  M.  Orr,  W.  M.  Potter,  R.  T.  Rogers,  J.  M.  White. 

Co.  D  —Killed— W.  A.  Murray. 

Wounded. -A.  Bailey,  G.  W.  Deriso,  J.  M.  Dancer,  W.  R.  Dan- 
cer, C.  Faircloth,  G.  W.  Rhodes. 

Co.  E.— Killed— J.  M.  Smith.  Wounded^-A.  W.  Putnam,  W. 
0.  Harris,  Wm.  Howk,  J.  Nave,  F.  M.  Samp-on. 

Co.  F.— Killed— C.  J.  Hibberts,  Wm.  Jackson,  L.  0.  Smith. 

Wounded. — A.  J.  Earp,  J.  C.  Reynolds,  J.  D.  Foster,  W.  Byers, 

F.  Durham,  G.  Freeman,  T.  D.  Hackett,  J.  M.  Lumpkinx  L.  J. 
Nichols,  A.  J.  Reed,  A.  J.  Sarter. 

Co.  G— Wounded— B.  Cantrell,  8.  W.  Dixon,  W.  Hill,  J.  M 
Morris. 

Co.  II.— Killed— J.  B.  Vaugiian.    Total  killed,  17  ■  woawted,  f..">. 

MALVERN  HILL. 

Co.  A.— Killed— T.  J.  Bennett,  A.  S.  Tanner.  Wounded.  -J.  M 
Tanner,  R.  E.  Turner. 

Co.  B.— Wounded— Corp'l  R.  F.  McDonaM,  W,  H.  Shaw. 
Co.  G.— Wounded— W.  Morris.     Total  killed.  -  :  Wounded, 

SECOND  MANASSAS 

Co.  A.— Killed— J.  1).  Mullens,  J.  N.  Tin^ley,  J.  R.  Whifener. 

Wounded.— Capt.  J.  B.  O'Neal,  T.  P.  Brown,  A.  I>  irl  Ml,  J.  I\ 
Durham,  L.  A.  Hicks,  W.  II.  Jackson,  l\  Priest,  M.  U  Whitfield. 
D,  B.  Whitfield, 


^^S  LIST  OF  CASUALTIES,  CONTINUED. 

Co.  B  —Killed     G.  M.  PoIsod,  EL  Watkins. 

Wounded. — J.  W.  All  man,  J.  Guinn,  R.  IJol  lings  worth,  J.  King, 
E.  BlcDanald,  J.  T.  .Smith,  J.  R.  S.  Bowel,  Win.  6t.  John,  T.  T 
Thrasher. 

■Co.  C. —  Killed — Capt.  Jarrett,  Wm.  Clanton,  J.  C.  McElhannan, 
J.- II.  Miller,  J.  II.  Oliver,  I?.  A.  Williamson. 

Wounded.— J.  It.  Howard,  J.  A.  Espry,  J.  It.  Mitchell,  T.  O. 
NiWack,  W.  T.  Thurmond,  W.  0.  Wilson,  J.  N.  Williamson. 

Co.  D. —  Wounded — Lieut.  E.  R.  Laws,  Lieut.  Rhodes,  Corp'l  A. 
Brown,  Corp'l  0.  R.  Penick,  J.  E.  Higenbothan,  Corp'l  J.  W. 
Reed,  W.  J.  Hurst,  J.  Ilayse,  J.  A.  Knight,  W.  J.  Pierce,  James 
Rhodes,  Henry  Sapp,  A.  J.  Taylor.    - 

Co.  E.— Killed— 3d  Lieut.  E.  S.  Brown,  3d  Corp'l  M.  S.  Collins, 
J.  J.  Jarrett,  John  Kelley,  T  J.  Smith,  E.  M.  Smith. 

Wounded— 3d  Serg't  F.  A.  Weems,  5th  Serg't  B.  F.  Baughan, 
1st  Corp'l  B.  F.  Sanders,  IT.  A.  Biughan,  Sam.  Edlemon,  J.  S.  Guy- 
ton,  W.  M.  Panne  1   R.  II.  Russeau. 

Co.  F— Killed— J.  W.  Calvert,  E.  Mosteller. 

Wounded.— Capt.  J.  C.  Roper,  Lieut.  J.  F.  Ifarden,  Serg't  Dol- 
phin, Corp'l  J.  D.  Foster.  Corp'l  J.  It.  Boyce,  J.  M.  Conn,  J.  W. 
Conn,  W.  J.  Guest. 

Co.  G.— Corp'l  D.  M.  Stradley.     Total  killed,  20;  wounded,  M. 

SHARPS  BURG. 

Killed. — Sergeant  Major  A.  McMurry. 

Co.  A. — Killed — M.  L.  Davenport,  Wm.  Davenport. 

Wounded F.  A.  Boring,  J.  S.  Mason,  M.  S.  Mason,  T.  II.  North- 

enti  T.  M.  Peters,  T.  J.  Pyron,  F.  J:  Robertson,  J.  D.  Scott,  J.  W. 
Wheeler. 

Co.  B.— Kil'ed— II.  B.  Windborn. 

Wounded.— S.  P.  Doss,  T.  D.  Guinn,  Wm.  McKec. 

Co.  C— Wounded— 3d  Lieut.  Calahan,  F.  M.  Bates,  J.  Roberts. 

•  Co.  D.— Wounded— 2d  Lieut.  J.  II.  Macon,  3d  Lieut.  W.  G.  Gil- 
bert, Serg't  S.  II.  Woodall,  M.  A.  Adams,  It.  C.  Clifton,  A.  Jones,  J. 
Mitchell. 

Co.  E.— -Wounded— 3d  Lieut.  0.  W.  Putnam,  W.  Arnold,  J.  B. 
Brooks,  J.  W.  Caldwell,  A.  Iloleomb,  A.  J.  Sowry. 

Co.  F Killed— L.  B.  Arnold,  S.  Brooks. 

Wounded— Lieut.  A.  F.  Wooley,  Serg't  A.  J.  Earp,  Serg't  J,  €. 


LIST  OF  CASUALTIES,  CONTINUED.  139 

Reynolds,  Corp'l  J.  D.  Foster,  Corp'l  S.  Cantrell,  Jas.  Brock,  D.  S. 
Brandon,  Jasper  Culwell,  Thos.  Dawson,  J.  M.  Lumpkin. 

Co.  G.— Wounded— A.  L.  Myers,  Serg't  G.  W.  Whitten. 

Co.  II— Wounded— 2d  Lieut.  John  Grant,  Corp'l  W.  II.  Wind- 
sor, J.  R.  Morrill.    Total  killed,  6;  wounded,  43. 

Grand  total  killed,  -15;  wounded,  171. 

Note. — In  consequence  of  the  exceedingly  high  price  of  paper, 
press-work,  &c.j  I  have  been  under  the  necessity  of  omitting  the 
Roll,  as  furnished  at  length  by  the  18th  Ga.,  for  the  present;  but 
it  will  appear  in  a  future  edition. 

I  should  have  omitted  the  Roll  of  the  4th  Texas  also,  but  for  the 
means  furnished  by  officers  of  that  Regiment,  which  enabled  me  to 
publish  it  in  this  edition. 

List  of  Casualties  of  the  1st  Texas  Regiment,  in  the  different  Engage- 
ments of  the  Campaign,  Ordered  and  Signed  by  Lieutenant  Colonel 
P.  A.    Work,  Commanding. 

ELTHAM'S  LANDING. 

Staff. — Wounded — Lieutenant  Colonel  Black — since  died. 

Co.  A.— Killed— J.  Etlv. 

Wounded.— Lieut.  W.  W.  Lany,  P.  Hjgginff;  H.  Ilennant,  P.  Set- 
ger,  P.  Mahon,  G.  Rogers. 

Co.  C— Killed— Cart.  II.  Decatur. 

Wounded. — P.  Donley,  J.  Trotter. 

Co.  D Killed— C:¥   Covy. 

Wounded. — J.  McDowel,  J.  W.  Smith. 

Co.  P. — Wounded — James  Bush. 

Co.  H Killed— P.  W.  Mills. 

Wounded.— J.  B.  Camwell,  D.  J.  Hill,  W.  A  IKney,  John 
Spencer,  II.  L.  Martin,  T.  Foster. 

Co.  L. — Killed — Jas.  Brown,  C.  Schodt. 

Wounded— Smith  Sims,  F.  Nichols,  J.  Coffee.    Total  hilled,  6 
wounded,  22. 

SEVEN  PINES. 

Co.  C.— Wounded— II.  Smith. 

Co.  E.— Killed— D.  D.  Davis.      Wounded.— J.  C.  R.  Mahy. 

Co  K. — Wounded — Barney  McNilly. 


140  LIST  OF  CASUALTIES,  CONTINUED. 

Co.  L.— Wounded— J.  W.  Brown,  W.  A.  Shelton.    Total  killed, 

I ;  wounded,  5. 

GAINES'  FARM. 

Staff. — Wounded — Colonel  Rainey. 

Co.  A. — Wounded — Serg't  Jno.  R.  Crawford,  J.  R.  Wright,  M. 
Jaoobi. 

Co  13.— Killed—Lieut.  W.  B.  Shotwell,  Serg't  J.  Crobert. 
Wounded.— Corp'l   J.  M.  Canterbury,  F.  M.   Carr,  M.  A.  Dun- 
ram,  W.  McDonald,  W.  0.  Pankey. 

Co.  C. — Wounded — Serg't  M.  J.  Giles,  Serg't  0.  G.  Armstrong, 
.Tames  Wriun, 

Co.  D. — Wounded — A.  Dennis,  M.  TV.  Murry,  D.  P.  Simms. 

Co.  E. — Killed — Sergeant  J.  A.  Samson. 

Wounded— Serg't  J.  TV.  Smith,  TV.  C.  Scptt,  Wm.  Campbell. 

Co.  F. — Killed — W.   A.  Allen,  Jno.  Ambrose,   .  Hollaman, 

D.  D.  McMillem 

Wounded. — Lieut.  Henry  Snow,  L.  S.  Jones,  Robt.  Hooker,  H. 
Harvillc,  Thos.  Eskridge,  Chas.  Hicks. 

Co.  G. — Wounded — Lieut.  E.  S.  Jamison,  Charles  Woodhouse, 
R.  C.  McK night. 

Co.  IL— Killed— P.  B.  Hanks,  Levil  Lee,  J.  M.  Doherty,  J.  J. 
Foster.  Wounded. — George  Ilollingsworth,  F.  M.  Embry,  J.  S. 
Rudd,  A.  J.  Fry. 

Co.  I— Killed— TV.  G.  Morris,  L.  TV.  Maning,  0.  IL  Boykin. 
Wounded. — Lieut.  J.  L.  Sheridan,  Lieut.  *TV.  B.  Wall,  Sergeant 
J.  II.  Foster,  C.  0.  VVagnon,  D.  B;  Bush^  E.  B.  Andrews,  I).  II. 
Beavers,  Jno.  DeLong,  L.  J.  Fitt.s,  J.  0.  Foster,  TV.  J.  L.  Harris, 
Robert  Montgomery,  A.  Montgomery,  S.  IT.  Oliphant,  L.  Daurty. 
Co.  K.— Killed— Captain  B.  F.  Benton,' Corp'l  TV.  J.  Chambers, 
I,  J.  Mays,  J.  TV.  Coe. 

Wounded.— Serg't  Thos.  A.  Artry,  TV.  J.  Carton,  T>\  TV.  Gray, 
G.  TV.  Menefee,  A.  J.  Proseler,  II.  C.  Powell,  Lieut.  Jas.  Water- 
house. 

Co.  L Killed— Corp'l  J.  L.  Townsend,  J.  Panpart. 

Wounded. — Janes  Nagle,  S.  D.  Smith,  II.  Shuky,  G.  Hawkins, 
It.  Jacoolf.     Total  killed,  20;  wounded,  58. 
MALVERN  HILL. 
Co.  B.— Killed— J.  E.  McClannaban,  T.  McNaully,  Z.  Williams, 
J.  T.  Dortch. 


LIST  OP  CASUALTIES,  CONTINUED.  14 

Wounded.— R.  Love,  M.  G.  Lewis,  J.  W.  Gamer,  A.  Trinkman. 

Co.  0.— Wounded— Serg't  J.  W.  Trotter,  T.  J.  Calhoun,  G.  W. 
McNew,  H.  F.  M.  Freeman. 

Co.  E. — Wounded — J.  K.  Norwood. 

Co.  P. — Killed — Jacob  Benidict. 

Wounded. — E.  T.  Steadman. 

Co.  I.— Wounded— J.  M.  iftnks,  D.  N.  McLane,  F.  M.  Williams, 
G.  M.  Weather  head. 

Co.  K.— Killed— Jas.  Lane.  Wounded— Corp'l  0.  W.  Finley, 
C.  F.  McMahan. 

Co.  L.— Wounded— Capt.  W.  A.  Bedell,  Corp'l  R  S.  Robinson- 

Total  killed,  6j  wounded,  18.  * 

SECOND  MANASSAS. 

Staff. — Killed — Sergeant-Major  A.  II.  Morten. 

Wounded. — Adjutant  A.  D.  Forsyth. 

Co.  A. — Wounded — Hugh  Dougherty,  E.  P.  Derrick. 

Co.  B. — Wounded — J.  P.  Stevens. 

Co.  C— Killed— Edward  Ashley,  W.  II.  Vinson. 

Co.  I).— Wounded— A.  Miles. 

Co.  E.— Killed— Corp'l. R.  B.  Stephens,  D.  M.  Walker. 

Wounded.— Serg't  Thos.  Steel,  J.  W.   Webb. 

Co.  F.— Killed— Serg't  A.  M.  West. 

Wounded. — J.  W.  Pool,  George  Cryter. 

Co.  (}. — Wounded— Corp'l  Scin  Black. 

Co.  II.— Killed— J.  M.  Steincipher,  T.  R.  Oldham. 

Wounded. — T.  E.  Lides,  G.  A.  Graham,  J.  C.  Hollingswortb, 
W.  N.  IIa}*ncs. 

Co.  I.— Killed— P.  F.  Renfro. 

Wounded. — J.  M.  Corley. 

Co.  .L— Wounded— Lieut.  J.  M.  Baldwin,  SeTg't  W.  P.  Ran* 
dall,  E.  C.  McCorquodall. 

Co.  M— Killed— Willis  T.  Redden.  Total  killed,  10;  wounded,  18. 

SHARPSBURG. 

Staff. — Killed — Major  Matt.  1! 

Wounded — Adjutant  W.  Shropshire. 

Co.   A.   Wounded.— Capt.  G.  T.  Todd,   S,«!fcH  J.  0.  Hill,  C.  D. 


142  LIST  OF   CASUALTIES,  CONTINUED. 

Jones,  B.  R.  Lane,  G.  W.  Armstrong,  G.  E.  Brewer,  Green  Ba- 
ker, E.  P.  Demick,  C.  J.  Epperson,  W.  F.  McLindon,  J.  R.  Maloue, 
W.    Whitaker. 
Co.  B.— Killed— M.  B.  Anderson.  S.  G.  McGec. 
Wounded— Lieut.  W.  B.  Shotweil,  Serg't  L.  W.  Butler,  G.  W. 
Barefield,  J.   Victory,  B.  L.  Boiling,  R.  R.  Choote,  G.  II.  Johnson, 
W.  0.  Pankey,  S.  J.  Woodward,      » 
Co.  C— Killed— Lieut.  L.  F.  Hoffman. 

Wounded — G.  Gage,  C.  Watson,  AY.  S.  Stamper,  G.  McMannus. 
Co.  D.— Killed— E.  B.  Brown,  W.  C.  Jackson,  A.  P.  Thenell, 
W.  R.  Jackson. 

Wounded— D.  AY.  Bartlett,  J.  D.  Dickson,  J.  P.  Dunklin,  H.  C. 
McCoy,  J.  F.  Miles,  E.  C.  Powell,  L.  W.  Thomas,  J.  P.  Wood,  W. 
A.  T.  Oliver. 

Co.  E.— Killed— Corp'l  H.  E.  Perry.  Lieut.  C.  Perry. 
Wounded— Lieut.  B.  W.Webb,  Charles  Woodson,  Serg't  J.  W. 
Smith,  Serg't  W.S.Brazill,  J.  D.  Campbell,  R.  S.  Clark,  C.  W.  Fields, 
M.  Oillett,  G.  F.  Heard,  J.  II.  Hendricks,  R.  J.  Marshall.  E.  C.  Per- 
ry, S.  F.  Perry,  Y.  AY.  Wiliingham,  S.  G.  Watson. 
Co.  F— Killed— Lieut.'  J.  P.  Runnels,  0.  Phelps. 
Wounded — Capt.  S.  A.  Wilson,  Serg't  J.  E.  Ferryman,  Serg't 
S.  G.  Hanks,  Wm.  Holmes,  S.  Englekihg,  Win.  Scott. 

Co.  G.— Killed— B.  A.  Ilallum,  C.  K.  McFarland,  Smith  Bot- 
tcrms,  M.  M.  File-,  R.  Butler,  A.  J.  Posey,  A.  M.  Matthews. 

Wounded.— Lieut.  E.  S.  Jamison,  J.  M.  Corder,  T.  J.  Watts,  T. 
J.  Rose,  M.  J.  Ashley,  Z.  A.  Caully,  James  Ward,  M.  Knox,  Jas. 
Matthews,  S.  D.  Blackshere. 

Co.  II.— Killed— A.  A.  Terson,  W.  Ilollingsworth.  J.  G.  Tep- 
pens. 

Wounded.— J.  II.  Marshall,  J.  A.  Counts,  G.  AY.  Culpepper.  C. 
S.  Bolton,  E.  F.  Ezell,  L.  L.  Evans,  J.  R.  Jones,  AY.  G.  Hickman, 
J.  M.  Harrington,  A.  C.  Strother,  AY.  L.  Williams,  J.  C.  llollings- 
worth,  J.  C.  King. 

Co.  I—  Killed— S.  J.  Cook,  L.  J.  Fitts,  AY.  M.  Bayrue,  A.  A. 
Cnngleton,  D.  II.  Hale,  F.  M.  Box. 

AYounded.— Capt.  R.  AY.  Cotton,  Serg't  R.  0.  Mitchell,  Serg't  A. 
A.  Aldrich,  Corp'l  W.  D.  Pritchard,  AY.  A.  Homes,  J.  Rudicil,  H. 
C.  Patrick,  M.  Youngblood,  J:  S.  Harwell.  M.  Reeves,  T.  A.  Boone. 


I 
L2ST  OF  CASUALTIES,  CONTINUED.  145 


JSL  M.  Berryman,  J.  A.  Sheridan. 

Co.  K — Killed. — Lieut.  James  Waterhouse,  Lieut.  S.  F,  Pat- 
Son,  J.  M.  Hail. 

Wounded. — Capt.  J.  M.  Massey,  II.  E.  Mosley,  0.  C.  Hanks,. 
W.  W.  Gray,  S.  M.  Dury,  J.  C.  Nobb,  E.  G.  Miller,  W.  0.  Quran*, 
J.  M.  Ruddle. 

Co.  .L— Killed— Lieut.  J.  C.  S.  Thomson,  J.  Frank. 

Wounded.— Capt.  W.  A.  Bedell,  Serg't  S.  A.  Uaipenter,  Corp'i 
W.  Zimmer,  R.  Jacob*. f,  J.  Hanson,  J.  T.  Blessing,  II.  Cohen,  P. 
Gillie,  W.  Hoskins,  A.  Jones,  C.  B.  Hal  leek,  C.  fl.  Kmgsley,  J. 
Rouke,  F.  Sehwarting,  J.  M.  Smith,  II.  Shukz,  J.  Albrook,  W, 
Leach,  James  Nagle,  W.  Young, Welch* 

Co.  M.— Killed— Serg't  S.  1).  Roach,  T.  J.  Bowman,  J.  Boon, 
W.  L.  Sting. 

Wounded.— Capt.  II.  Ballenger,  Lieut.  T.  P.  Samford,  J.  E. 
Stewart,  J.  T.  Evans,  A.  Walters,  James  Basts,  F.  Pope,  O. 
McBride,  R.  0.  Bennett,  James  Day,  Win.  Townes,  E.  B.  Barnes, 
W.  0.  Earnes,  C.  Murry,  A.  Carlton,  M.  A.  Dunnan,  John  Lan- 
caster, II.  Sweet.     Number  killed,  08  ;  wounded,  LiC ;  missing,  9. 

Aggregate  of  men  ht  battle  on  the  17th  of  August,     -     -  22') 

"          "        "      uninjured,     -----     -----  4.; 

"          «       "  killed  in  all  the  battles. 74 

"         "       "  wounded  "     "         «'-----_  257 

List  of  Casualties  vn  the  5th  Texas  Regiment  in  the  different  engage- 

vients   of  the   Campaign,   as  furnished  by  order   <f  Colonel   J.  I>. 
Robertson, 

GAINES'   FARM. 

Field  and  Staff. — Wounded — Colonel  J.  B.  Robertson,  Color* 
Sergeant,  G.  Onderdonk. 

Co.  A. — Killed— Lieut.  J.  A.  Clnte,  George  Dele 

Wounded. — J.  Ba:Jey,  J.  Robertson. 

Co.  B.— Killed— J.  R.  G nines. 

Wounded. — P.  Murphy,  J.  Carroll,  E.  Bescfc,  John  O'Nett,  John 
Smith,  J.  R.  Ratigan,  A.  II.  Coster,  C.  Lynch,  Jacob  II  >hn. 

Co.  C— Killed— W.  K.  Williams. 

Wounded.—  M  T.  Welsh,  S.  L.    Wallace    E    E.   1:.  .  W. 

Irora,  V,  Y.  DezelL 


0 

144  LIST  OF   CASUALTIES,  CONTINUED, 

Co.  D.— Killed—A.  D.  Alston. 

Wounded. — George  Grant. 

Co.  E. — Killed — R.  W.  Pearson,  Moses  Ccoper,  R.  M.  Ringgold. 

Wounded— Lt.  T.  Nash,  Serg't  Norwood  B.  Smith,  T.  Coffield, 
J.  T.  Dulaney,  B.  Eldridge,  Jesse  Lott,  W.  C.  McCallister,  F, 
Meadows,  D.  D.  Patrick,  S.  Watson,  D.  Batte. 

Co.  F— Killed— W.  S.  Hall,  G.  A.  Woods. 

Wounded.— J.  V.  Sloan,  J.  C.  Ross,  B.  C.  Brashear,  E.  R. 
Moody,  E.  T.  Tucker,  G.  W.  Knapp. 

Co.  G. — Killed — J.  J.  Lawrence,  Charles  Ward. 

Wounded.— T.  E  Bracken,  D.  H.  Carson,  W.  V.  L.  Cooper,  J. 
A.  Hoffman,  J.  H.  Hawkins,  C J  Jackson,  D.  II.  Mays,  R.  Nance, 
J.  Pool,  J.  Webb,  Lieut.  John  Smith, 

Co.  II.— Wounded— II.  Rose,  T.  Fitzgerald. 

Cp.  I.— Wounded— Capt.  Clay,  W.  Waters  L.  Wells,  J.  Hallum 
R.  J.  Ilaynes. 

Co.  K .—  J.  T.  Baker,  R.  B.  Collins,  J.  P.  Smith,  J.  W.  Peoples. 
L.  W.  Wal  drop.     Total  killed,  12  5  wounded,  62. 

MALVERN  HILL. 

Co.  B.— Killed— F.  Keopke. 

Co.  D. — Wounded — Thomas  Scott,  H.  R.  Brown, 

Co.  E. — Killed — Joseph  Sherman. 

Wounded. — D.  Batte,  James  Farmer. 

Co.  F. — Wounded — J.  C.  Tutt,  John  Muldoon,  James  Johnstons 

Co.  G.— Killed— S.  W.  Sharp. 

Wounded. — R.  Griffin. 

Co.  I.— Wounded— J.  T.  Cross.     Total  killed,  3;  wounded,  9. 

'     SECOND  MANASSAS. 

Field  and  Staff. —  Killed — Lieut-Col.  J.  C.  Upton. 

Wounded. — Col.  J.  B.  Robertson,  Capt.  Bryant,  Acting  Major; 
Lieut.  C.  Wood,  Acting  Adjutant. 

Co.  A.— Wounded— 1st  St,  E  A.  Nobles,  St.  McMurtry,  C'l  B.  C. 
Simp-on,  Corp'I  J.  if.  Bell,  John  Heff,  J.  R.  Patton,  S.  Bade}',  D. 
W.  Walker,  J.  B.  Young,  A.  Angel,  0.  I).  Mallory,  John  Delesde- 
nier,  William  Keiley,  John  Massenburg,  S.  D.  Ilewes,  R  Campbell, 
C    B.  Oardner,   James    Stanger,   John   Morris,   John   Livert<>n 


.     LIST  OF   CASUALTIES,  CONTINUED:  145 

ff3  John  Garrison,  T.  W.  F*itfcgerald. 

•?  buck,  CorpH  A  V 

i,ns'  J  '  Rl  flu  .)  w 

-.WPXclins,  fl 
Frcanor,  JP?  ,y> 

Co   C-woum?e<l-C;!1>t    J   .1    M 
Jnetft   J    Star,    Serg't   -; 
J   T"  Atkinson,   J   w    !  It   All.- 

1) 

■\*olind< 
bell.,  Ser^t  I  M  Robirisott,  Q£: 

pej,  S  J  C  Burton,  J 

M  .kin,  K  J  Page,  EC  Eluttn 

w  lo,   J  w  Cotton.  .t:)n.  !> 

(Jrimn,  E  Lochtnan,  w  <  ,  J  C  II ill, 

Kille  ;    -W  I)  Wyni 

Killod-  F,  0  Moncreiff,  N  N  Mullins, 

Se]  '  J  Srni' 

Dean,  I' 

,  J  El 
nau  M  Lett,  J  f  B  M   M 

B  0  Patrick",  M  Marshall, 

>n.  B  T  Toland,  '  arap,  J  V 

erby. 

1  F— Killed— Corp'l  H  15  Johnson,  A 
founded— Lieut 
Ion.  J  F  Chu 

1. 
10 


H0  LIST  01   CASUALTIES,  OONTINt 'ED. 

"bounded.— Serg't  W.  H.  Tarver,  J.  Waller,  A.  J.  Sperriil,  D. 
SJlielton,  J.  M.  Stidham,  Ed.  Williams,  J.   E.  Bryant,  D.  R.  I 
L.  W.  Caldwell,  M.  G.  Garrett,  G.  T.  Loir  3,  E.  McDon- 

al  1,  E.  Pool,  S.  Richardson,  S.  W.  "Walker,  II.  II.  Wroe,  J.  Moore. 

Co.  II.— Killed Baines, . .  J  .  Hall. 

"Wounded. — Captain  J.  S.  Cleveland,  Lieut.  Robertson,  Lieute- 
nant Stanley,  Lieut.  Spratt,  Serg't  Woodhace,  Serg't  Ross,  Serg't 

pp'l  House,  Corp'l  Gorce, Bass, Barber, 

Bell, Curry, Hemphill, Korgin,. Lee, Wal- 
ters,' Shields, Freeman,  B.   Grace,   J.  W.   Grace,  

net, Stevenson.     ♦ 

Co.  I. — Wounded — Lieut.  B.  J.  Franklin,  Lieut.  C.  A.  Graham^ 
1st  Serg't  J.  P.  Drake,  Corp'l  W.  D.  Morgan,  Corporal  E.  II.  Mc- 
Enight,  D.  B.  Allen,  W.  G.  Baldwin,  W.  R.  Bui  low,  T.  Bates,  Ff 
Bettiss,  J.  W.  Dallis,  S.  Driscoe,  J.  Dick,  11.  Flemming,  T.  D.  Har- 
ris, W.  Haley,  W.  R.  McRee,  W.V.  Royston,  D.  II.  Robertson,  J. 
Short,  E.  F.  Spence,  W.  F.  Thomas,  C.  D.  Leonard,  Wm.  Short. 

Co.  K — Killed— Lieut.  B.  W. '  Henry. 

Wounded. — Capt.  John  Turner,  Lieut.  Hubert,  Lieut.  Hurt, 
Serg't  Joe  Turner,  Serg't  McKinnon,  Serg't  Meece,  Corp'l  Dates, 

''•orp'l  Green,  Corp'l  Smith, '.  Baker,  A.  Dunn,  L. 

B.  Dorch,  A."  J.  Easterling,  J.  P.  Kale,  J.  T.  McKee,  J.  M.  Bowen, 
•ne,  D.  A.  Rovve,  Wiley  Stewart,  W.  J.  Ward,  T.  C.  Matthews, 
J.  McCoy. 

Total  killed,  15  j  wounded,  240. 

FREEMAN'S  FORD. 

Fiild  OrFiciRi — wounded — Major  Whaley  ;  died  next  day, 

Co  B— wounded— F  Matthias,  F  R  Harris,  D  Horley,  T  Roberts 

Co  C — wounded — John  Haley 

Co  II — wounded — L  B  Hicks 

Co  I — wounded — J  McRee 

Co  K — wounded — J  Wilson,  John  Beard 

Total  wounded,  10 

SHARPSBURG,  Mn 

Co  A — wounded — D  Dyer,  Frank  Kosse,  A  Wolfe,  E  Gregory, 
N  Stewart 

Co  B    wounded    A  If  Baker,  W  J  Darden,  D  M  McNillis,  J 


LIST  OF  CASUALTIES,  CONTINUED.  147 

Kolbow,  John  Moviessey,  W  Hoffman,  W  Cherry,  W 

Co  C     wounded    Lieut  New,  Lieut  Boyd,  S  't 

Co.\  il  Shilling;,  J  W  Neighbors,  E  M  Dizzell,  R  ' 

,  J  M  Copeland,  Z  Y  Dizzell 
Killed     S  Putle,  T  J  Edwards 
\\      tided    F  M  Ridgeway,  P  G  Williamson,  J  W  F 
berr,  A  Mr. 

Killed     RToland,  J  Hunt 
\d     H  Allen,  Thomas  Mullins,  John  Hen-. 
Lieutenant  Norwood,  F  M  Williamson,  Thomas 
i  P     wounded     Lieut  Strickland,  T  Taylor,  II   ', 
i,  P  Buxton,  Charles  McCally,  T  McCall,  Th< 
wounded     T  Walker,  Jas  Pool,  J  A  Jolley,  J 
o,  L  Miller,  J  Monroe,  W  Smith,  Lieutenant  Smith 
it     Killed     William  Houso 

led     D  McDonald,  J  Shields,  Wm  IFo®d,  J  He: 
ick,  M  M  Templeman,  M  Ross,  D  G  Martin 
Co  I      wounded     Lieut  Drake,  D  Morgan,  Serg't  Park, 
man,  R  Howl,  John  Howl,  B  Baker,  Ed.  Dunri 

Co  K     wounded      Lieutenant  Alexander,  R  B  Collins,  • 
ner,  W  D  C  Ilenly,  II  C  Hirams,  B  C  Hurbert,  W  B  Sandal,  W 
Walker,  J  W  Stevens    Total  killed,  5 ;  wounded,  78, 
Grand  total  killed,  35 ;  wounded,  399. 


Headquarters  4th  Tj  2 

p  7  tli,  1862.    \ 
0.  will  make  out  for  Chaplain  N. 

-viflg  the  t  en- 

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order  of 

Lieut.  Col.  B.  F.  CARTJ 

Commanding  Kcg't. 
F.   L.  Pi:  ice,  Adjutant. 

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MUSTER  ROLL— CONTINUED. 


son,  Joo,  -    -  -  -    b 

[                    A.,  -    -  -  -    p 

.    -  -  -   « 

Btanfield,  W.  II.,  -  -  -    p 

[.,  -  -  -    p 

Scanlan,  E.   II.,    -  -    r 

J.   M.,  -  -   p 

i:  ,  -   -  -  -  p 

John,    -  -  -   p 

ms,  Geo.,  -    -  -  -    r 

IScli.                    -    -  -  -   r 
.Sum--                     .... 

,  1 .  K  ,  -  -  -    a     a 

Thon                Try,  -  -   p     b 

S.,    -    -  -  -   p    p 

-  -  -  -      1-        B 

,  ThoB.,    -    -  -  -    a     s 

-  -  -  -    r     b 

-  -  -  -   p 
.    -  -  -    p 

Walker.  W.m.  B.,  -  -  •   p 

Walk                  .    .  .  .   a 

A.,  -    -  -  -   r 

ice,  T.   '6..    -  -  ••    p 

.  .  .  *d 

Campbell,  Jessie,  -  -  -  *d 

-  -  -  *il 

-  -  -  *d 

V,      -      -  -  -  *.l 

.  .  .*! 

II.,     -  -  -*d 

in,  ,  -  -  #<1 

.  .  .  *d 

■:■•...    I..  K,  -  -  *d 

.... *M 

.  .  .  *.l 

.     -  -  - *d 

--.  *d 

,  -  .  .   a 

-  .  -  d 

-  -  -   d 
,  -    -  -  -    d 

-  -   d 

-  -  -   d 
-   .-     ■>■  -  -    d 

,     -  -  -    d 
(1 

-  -  -    d 
•i  ,  -  -    d 

-  -  -    d 

-  -  -    d 


■ 
s 

P 
■ 

P 

s 

p 

> 

B 
P 


P      P. 

V     V 
p    \f 


a     a 
P     P 

S        B 

d 

P     P 
a     a 

P     P 

H       » 
W 

vr 

B 
P 
P 


S  B 

p  w  App'd  corp5!  Ajig.  161  b,  '62. 
s  ■  B 
B      B 

]>  w  Taken  prisoner  Sept.  17,  '62. 

p  w 

r  p 

a  a 

P  P 

B  S 


B       B 

a     a 
p    W 

B        S 

B        6 
S        S      * 

p     a 

p     w 
P     P 

B        8 

s  *d 

p     p  Taken  prison.- •         pt.  3 
August -301 
-   November 


July,  1862. 

raber,  1861. 
November,    '• 
December,     " 

U  (C 

June,  1862. 

r,  " 

October,  " 

November,  " 

OctobeV,        " 

(I  u 

March,  l  ■ 

1861. 
it  c. 

March,  1862. 
November,  1861. 


Drowned  August,  1861. 


CO.  B. 


(i 

4th 

(C 

P 

P 

s 

b 

P 

P 

P 

S 

w 

a 

a 

a 

a 

P 

P 

P 

P 

- 

P 

w 

-v 

P 

p 

P 

P 

P 

V 

P 

p 

P 

P 

p 

P 

p 

P 

•v\ 

T  "\V 

p 

P 

p 

P 

P 

p 

:i 

P 

AV 

P 

P 

I 

.    -     • 

P 

P 

W 

a 

P 

M  .  T 

P 

P 

P 

P 

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V 

B.  1'.  Burnh 

a 

a 

a 

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K.  11.  ClumentB,  - 

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P 

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a 

R 

P 

p  Tr 

P 

w  l'i- 

V 

p   l'r 

p 

p 

a  Pn 

a 

p   p 


a    a 


Died  Sept.  22d,  1S62. 


MUSTER  ROLL— CONTINUED.  151 

M.,  -    -    -    -   a     a     a     a  Discharged  July  11th,  18te_ 

B        b       8       S       8       80       6 

.    Gh,     -     •     -    p     p     .8      8      8      b     p     k 

.----pBBBppBe 

W.j      -      -      -     p        8       8       8        8        8       8       ■ 

-    -    -    p     p     p     p     a     a     a     a 

•,--.-     p        8       8        0       p       p      p     XT 

.  M-,  -    -    .    p     p    p    p    p    p     p    a 
-    -    -    .   p    P    p    p    P    p    p    p 

i  0   ,    -      -      -     p       p        B       8       p     W 

(  Q- . ,  •      -      -  p        B        8      p     W 

<  .--ppaaaaaa 

«  ----PPPPPPPP 

<.  U ■".,  -    -     -    -    p     p    v 

i  A.    -      -      -  p        8        8       p     W 


p    w  a  a  a  p    p 

i                                              p    a  p  p  p  p    p 

t  ,  f  w 

-  -    -    -  ,                  Died  May  27th,  1501 
I                           ....           a    a  a  p  'p  p     a 

<                ■      ' .,     -    -    -    p    p   w  a  .  a  a  a     a 

-  -  '.    p     p     p  p  p  p  »a     p 

-  -    -    a     a     a  a  a  a  a     a  Regimental  ToanlRter. 
--ppaaaaaa 

a     a  a  p  w               Died  Sept.  22 1, 1SG1. 

P.,       -     -     p       8       8  B  B  6  8       8 

.  -    -     *    •    p     a     a  n.  a  a  a     a 

-      -      «      -      -     p       p       p  p  B       8  8       8 

I                         '.,   -    •    -    p     p     j)  p  a  p  a     a 
i                           ----spsspppp                     ' 
I                         -,---apa#aaaaa                             0  • 

.,    -    -    -    p     a  *a  p  p  p  p     P 

< ;                               -     -    -    p     p     p  a  p  p  a     a 

'                             •      *     -    P    P     P  p  p  paw 

paapppw 

■  -    *    -   p     p    w  a  p  p  p    w 

-  -    p     a     p-  p  p  p  a     a 

-  -    p    p     i>  P  r  p  a     a 

-  -    -  p     a  Died  in  July. 

-  -  p    p    p  a  ft  ft*    a    a 

p     a  a  p  p  a      a 

•    -    -    p    p  *a  a  a  a 

---ppppaa'ftal                                           M 
,    -    -    p     a     a  a  a  a 
a     a     a  a  a  a  a 

-  -    p     a     p  p  a  a  p    "\v                         ■ 

-  -     -    p     p    w  p  a  a  a     a                           f 
,     -     -     -    a      a     a  a  p  W  p    w 

-  -    ,-    p     p    w  a  p  p                                       . 
,     -    -     -    P     P    w  a  p  p  p 

-  -     .     -           j>    w  a  a 
,     -     -      •     -    P      B      8  8  8 

-  -     -    p     p    w  a  a  a  a     a 
'..----    p     p    w  p  p  p  p     il 

A                        !'.,«.•    p     a     p  p  p  p  p     p 

-  -    p      p    \v 

1          -    -    •           p    w  a  a  a  a     a 

-  -     p       p       p  p  B  :v  P     " 

a  :.  a  a  a     a  0 

-  -   a    ] 

-  -     -    p     p      a  1 1  p  p 

d  *  •  ...    .  n 

^i                             .  -     -     -    a     j)    w  ii  p  w 

-  •    p     p     a  a  | 

a    a  a  a  b  a     a 

-  -     -    a      a      a 

.    -    -    -          b    p  p  p  p  *a 


MUSTEK  llni.L- 

Id  •     -    -    p     p     p     a     p 

-  -     - 

- 

-  •    -     - 

-  -    -    p      * 
i                -    -    - 

-  .    p     .. 

-  - 

.     .     .     . 
-     -      -  i      a 

-  -     p. 

■'---  8         3        B        B.        8        8         K 

-  -    -  -  .,     a     a 

-  -  -  p  8      tt      a  p      p      ;i      a 

-  -  p  8      h    .a  a     a     a     a 
Wain                       ,    -     -  -  a  p     k 

•                .,---:.  a  a 

-  -    -  -  a  p     p     p     p                 , 

-  -  •  •  *  *ii 

-  -      -      -  •    *      *B 

.... 

-  -      •      ■ 

-  -  r»        h        8        H       a       a 

- 


, 


: 


MUSTER  ROLL— CJOKTISUED. 


T.    B.,   - 

■"'•)    -    ■ 

-  - 
!'.  J., 

Burn.-.  J.,      ... 

V.  L.,  -    - 

P., 

Cll'i:  J., 

-  - 

Wj  -    -    - 

r\         II.,      - 

Drake,  J    li  ,    -    - 
Davis,   I-  ,         -    - 

D:l\  .   -     - 

.    -      - 

F  , 

Fosl  -    - 

-  - 
11.,    -    - 

L.f    -    - 

-  - 

-  - 
Griffin,  T    II,        - 

,  W.,    -    -    - 

r.  m.,    . 

-  • 

■  ,  - 

-  - 

-  - 

-  - 

-  - 


■ 


P     P    w 

P        8        H       p 


«       p        3 
8       p      W 


P       P 

P 
P 
P 


' 


P        1 

w     p 


S        S 

k 

P     P 


s     *     a     a 

p    * 

B 
BBSS 


P      I»      V 

■ 


p     p 

- 
d 

P 

P     p 


S       S  .      rt 


p    vr 


154 


TER  ROLL— CONTINUED. 


1,  B., p  p  w 

-  -    -  P  P  P     P 

-  -    -  P  1' 

-     -    -    •  P  P  P     P 

■  -  p  B        B 
VT 

Oil.    W.    G.,      -      -  p  «  B       B 


P 
P 

B 

p 

■w 
s 

■ 
a 

■ 
Litter  heeredr 

p 

p 

r 

k 

CO.  D. 


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loh,  -    -  a 

[olaman,  -  p 

-  p 

vis,  p 

5 

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>bt,  p 

>n,  ]) 

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,    -  p 

th,  p 

-  -    -  p. 
..,--  p 

-  -     -  :i 
It.,    -     -  B 

...  a 

-  -    -  r 

-  -  -  -  p 
•.  •  -  -  p 
.  -  -  -  p 
•    -    -    -  p 

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(                          . '  -    -    -  p 


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II.,    -     -  -  p 

-  -  •  B 

■  -       -  -  H 

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, H,     -     -  -  r 


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a  Musician. 

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B        B        B 

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8     d 


a     h 


P    P 
a     a 


a 

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a    a 

B      )•      )■ 

a    a    b 


a  Detached  Sorvioe. 


1  Mauaeaaa, 
p     p    ]»  Littei 

P  a 

a  a 

a     a  a 

p     p  k 


a     a     a     a 
a     a      a     a 


a 

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a  a  Dctachad  Service. 

p  w 


a    a  Detached  Service. 
P     8 
a     a 


MUSTER  ROLL— CONTINUED. 


\r- 


Harm rni,  W.  IT.,  -    - 

-  p 

s 

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a 

P 

P 

P 

a 

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8 

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1 f  <  >gg<  -    < ! .  A . ,  -    -    * 

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- 

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•  P 

P 

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a 

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Johnston.  T.  [.,    -    - 

■    a 

a 

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k 

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P 

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CO.  E. 


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-  -   - 

-  - 

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s. 

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.   .  . 

: 

Dei 

■     ...  - 
L.,  - 

-  - 
»     J.,  -    - 

Huut,J.  i 

,  L   D  ,  - 

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- 

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■ 


a      :i 


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' 


MUSTER  ROLL— COxN'i 


157 


R-eadale,  J.   B.,  - 

.  T.,  -    - 
.- 

-  -    - 

-  - 

,  -  - 

Bmil  -  - 

,  -  - 

•  - 

-  - 
Tiliy,    Kd.        -    - 
Umh«r  f>n,   R     W., 
W  i  tl 

T.  1).,  - 
Will  .  -    - 

Wii  •    - 

BJTorvlmin,  E.  J    ,   - 

II.,  -     - 

\\  -     - 


V     V     P     P     P      « 
p     a     i> 


p  a  si 

P  P  P 

P 

p  w  d 


P 


a     a 


a 

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a 


a 


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8'h 


p    wt    a 


CO.  F. 


Oapt    B,  Cunningham 

Jd      "      L.  P.  Hnschei 
I 

Jd       "       CL  8.     !'• 

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4th     " 

fttli      '• 

1st  ' 

8.1     ' 

l|d     ':  E.    T. 

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A  -1..         -     -     - 

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158 


MUSTER   ROLL— COXTLNTED. 


i.  vr.  f.,  -  -  - 

.   .  . 

-,  VV.   M..,    -  - 

.  -  - 
I 
i 

.  <j.    -  - 

-  - 
Iw,    -    -  - 

mr,  C,    -    -  • 

i    -    -  • 

-  - 

■  -  - 
■ 

I 

P.,  • 

"'•i  ■ 

■  11,  - 

,  -  . 

-  - 

-  - 
i,  -  - 

,  N.,    -    -    -  - 

-  - 
1 .    11.,  -  - 

'.,    -  - 

-  • 
OtH    ■  - 

•  -. 

-  - 
..a.  T.   J.,     -  - 

l    M  i    -  - 

■  -  - 
,  -  - 

-  - 

M.,     -  - 

-•)     •     '  " 

J.,     -     -  - 

,  J         ■    •     -  - 

ob,  -    -  - 

-.  John,     -     -  - 

-  - 
J.,    •  -* 

■■vi.  J., 

,.,    -    -  - 

A.     II.,  - 

,    Henry,    .  -• 

■  -  - 
ran;  R.  A.,    -  . 

- 

.■l:U1,l,    .jack,  - 

•  !       (jr.,  - 

mon,    -  - 

..  p.,   -  - 

ir/i    •    -  - 

n  an,  .!.<>.,-  - 

lod,   -    -  - 

VV.j  -    -  - 

I.  'I.,  -    -  - 

.    .  . 

Naurath,  William,   - 


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p  vr 
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p  w 

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P  P 


p     a     a 


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p  tv  i  |],  Va, 

p  vr  Left  in  Maryland.. 
a     a 

b     a 

p  m 


p  m 

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p  \v 

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a 


p   w  Left  at  Shepardetown,  Vau 
b     s 
s      B 


p  w  Left  in  Maryland. 


P  P 

p  "s/ 

B  S 

8  p 

8  8 

8  8 

8  8 

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8  8 

8  8 


Musician. 


MUSTEK  ROLL— CONTINUED, 


159 


CO.  G. 


1    J.  "W,  Ilutcheson 

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pital. 

Discharge..!,  Ju 


Died  in  Hospital. 


Id  Hospital. 


Died  in  Quarters. 


Discharged  in  Febr 


s    • 


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:,,  iset. 


MUSTER  ROLL— CONTINUED. 


161 


King,  Jno.  IT.,  -  - 
LivingBton,]A.,  -  - 
Logging,  J.  C,  -  - 
Moaring.  Chas.  G.  - 
McOowen,  Joe.  -  - 
Midkiffe,  E.  P.,  -  - 
McGregor,  W.  B.,  - 
MoDaniel,  B.  IT.,  - 
Patterson  ,  SV.  R.,  - 
Quarlcs.  Geo.  8.,  - 
Reynolds,  J.  8.,  - 
Rowe,  H.  T.,  -  - 
Stacy,  Jno.  J.,  -  - 
Smith,  W.  IT.,  -  - 
Spencer,  G.  \,\,  - 
Tidwoll,  W.  G.,  - 
Wilson,  Walter,  - 
Wallingford,  T.  G., 
Williams,   IT.  F.,    - 

Webb,    F.   X., 

Soott.  J.  B.,    -    -    - 


P 

P 

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P 
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P  P 

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a  a 

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a  a 

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a  a 

a  p 

a  p 

a  p 

a  a 


a     a 

Discharged  in  August 
P    P 
P    P 
p    p  Corporal,  October,  1862. 

P    P 
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Discharged  in  Jane. 
Died  in  Hospitul. 
s     a 


P  « 

a  a 

P  P 

a  a 

a  a 


a  a 

w  a 

P  P 

a  a 

a  a 


p  Arrived  May  10th,  1862. 
a 

Died  in  Hospital. 
a 

a 

P 

a 
a 


CO.  JX 


Oapt.  J.  J.  Porter, 
1st  Lieut.  J.  T.  Hunter 
2d     "      B.  Randolph, 
Lieut.  C.  E.  Jones, 
"        M.  C.  Ilol.nes, 
rt        Ben.  Reynolds 
1st  Serg't  N.  A.  Myer, 
3d     "     '  T.G.  Wilkes 
Sd     u      G.  A.  Wynne 
5th     •<      R.  L.  Tyler,  i 
l«t  Gop'l  C.  M.  Conrow 
2d      «♦    II.  T.  8app, 
3d     *    Za^h.  Landrum 
4th  F.  H.  Wade,  -    - 
2d  Serg't  G.  W.  Kipp- 
8d     "     R.   J.  Tedford 
4lh  "  J.  G.  Cartwright. 
5ih  "  Tnomas  Dillard 
IstOorp'IB.  F.Bulloch 
Id       "    W.  C.  Kerr, 
Sd      "    J.  I.  Smith, 
4th     n    J.  Connally, 
Allon,  B.  II  ,    .    - 
Anders,  B.,  -    -    - 
Barzo,  II.,    -    -    - 
Brent,  T.  A.,    -    . 
Bryant,  — -.    -    - 
MoDaniel,  Y  L.,  - 
Jett,  J.  R.  P.,  -    - 
Bell,  O.  W.,  -    -    - 
Copelana,   W.  E., 
Cartwright,  L.  O  , 
Chilton,  P.  B  ,  •    - 
Clepper,  L.,-    -    • 
Coodo,  Wm.-,    -    - 
Dawson,  R.  C,    - 
Dale,  G.  W.,    -    - 
Dowdy,  O ,  -    -    - 
Ellis,  J.,  .... 
Fox,  R.,  -    -    -  •- 
Faulkner,  A.,  •    - 
Farrow,  H.  W.,    - 


P 
P 
P 
P 
P 
P 
P 
P 
s 

P 
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P 
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0 

P 

P 
P 
P 
P 

8 
S 

a 

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a 

P 

a 

P 
a 

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a. 
ii 
P 
P 
a 

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:i 


r  .  p 
r    P 


P 
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s 

s 

k 
k 
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k 

k 

B 

a 

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a 

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a 
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P    P    w 


Died  from  wound*  at  Gaines' 
Fc.rm. 


s    p     k 

s    p     w  Leg  amputated. 

ass      ■      ■  Elected  Lieut.  Oct.  7th, '62. 


a    a     a     p    m 


a  a  a     a  a 

a  p  p     a  a 

P  P  P  P  P 

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Dead. 


MUSTER  ROLL— CONTINUED. 


n»it,  j.  it 

Kma.  H.  P.,  -    - 

Keyscr,  11.,.     . 

Kcrby,  B„    .     .     . 

Lewis,  J.  L.,    .    . 

Lemon,  J.  W., 

Landrum,  W.  J., . 

Lewis,  O.  A.,  .    . 

Lowns,  J.,    .    ■     . 

Lavaniuer,  L.,.    . 

Long,  J.,.    .    .    . 

Mitchell, ,  .    . 

May,  W.  C  ,    .    . 

May,  R.  M.,    ,    . 

Collier,  A.,  .  .     . 

May,  Thurnas,  .     . 

May,  D.  G,.    .     . 

McCowan,  A.  J., . 

Myers,  M.  F.,  .    . 

Parker,  W.  A.,    . 

Pet  y,  Thomas,     . 

Rankin,  R.,  .     .     . 

Sharp,  J .  II.,    .    . 

gavage,  Ed..,     .     . 

8#ay,  A.  B,  .   .    . 

Seargeant,  Thomas, 

Seargeant:  James, 

Stewart,  R.  H., 

Stewart,  J.  E., 

Smith,  John,    . 

Stratton.  R.  R  , 

Stucy,  Matt.,    . 

Stucey,  J ,   .    . 
Spivey,  J.  S.t  . 
Tucker,  D.  J., . 
Talliaferro,  J., . 
Taylor,  C.  L.,  . 
Taylor,  Alexander 
T»lley,  R.,    .    . 
Talley,  J.  C,    . 
Travis,  II .,  .     . 
Watson,  W*.  A., 
Watnon,  II.  C, 
Waltrip.C.  M., 
Wynne,  8.  "W., 
Wynne,  T.  A., 
Wilkes,  B.  B., 
Martin,  \Vr., .    . 
Ran  com,  R.  W., 
Olllam,  J.  n.,  . 
Novi's,  D.  E.,  . 
f    Gaflord,  R.,  .    . 
BundorBjC.  B., 
Lewis,  William, 
Holt,  AC,    .     . 

8«i*ley  It,  .     . 
dmotnison,  T  J 
M)(is,  T  J, .     . 

Leuoh, . .     . 

Oathey,  BU,    . 


p  »w 

p    a 


B 

a 
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■ 
P 

a 

a 

a 
w 
a 

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a 
w 
w 
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a 

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a 
P. 
P 
a 

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v  I 

P     P 


a 

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a     p     p 

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P  V 
a  a 
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a 

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a 

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P 
P 

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P 
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P 
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s  Musielan. 
a 

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■ 

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w 
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a 

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s 
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Dled1*t  Jaly,  1W2. 


MUSTER  ItOLL-^CONTINUED. 


105 


Oarguilo,  W  A,    ,    ,    , 
Cox,  KM,,,    ,    ,    , 
Champion,  LD,    ,    , 
Campbell,  A,    ,    ,    , 
Campbell,  J  E,    ,    ,    , 
Campbell,  J  M.    ,    ,    , 
Glanahun,  WE,,    ,    , 
Chapman,  M,  ,    ,    ,    , 
Chapman,  J,    ,     ,    ,    , 
Carter,  Ilu/h, ,    ,    ,    , 
Derden,  W  L,  ,    ,    ,    , 
Elleilge,  II  I>,   ,    ,    ,    , 
Ellodge,  J  F,    ,     ,    ,     , 
Edwards,  W  L,     ,    , 
Forester,  Joel,    ,    ,    ,    , 
Forester,  Thomas,'   ,   , 
Green,  J  J.,    ,    ,    t  ,    [ 
Green,  D<  N    ,    ,    ,    ,    , 
Guthrie,  L   J,    ,    ,    ,    , 
Gibbon,  .)  F,  ,    ,    ,    ,    , 
Guiger,  John  K,    ,    , 
Godwin,  Wesley,  ,    ,    , 
Hodge,  Mil,  ,    ,    ,   ,    , 
llobyo  >«1,  T  J,    ,    .    , 
Higl.t.FM,    ,    ,    ,    ,    i 
Heard,  J  i),    ,    ,    ,    ,    , 
Hamby,  John,    ,    ,    , 
Hilliard,  K  O.    ,    ,    , 
Holland,  KM,,,, 
Tsaackb  William  fl,    , 
Kiiubrongh,  J   11,   , 
Loop,   G  It,    ,    ,    ,    . 
Larue,  A  J,    ,    ,    ,    , 
Lemox,  AC,    ,    ,-   , 
McCull,  J  C,  ,    ,    ,    , 
McNeeley,  T  G,   ,   , 
Martin,  li  B,  ,    ,    ,    , 
Martin,  Alfred,  ,    ,    , 
Martin.  Henry,  ,    ,■  , 
Norvell,    Robert,  ,    , 
Owen,  ti  T,    ,    ,   ,    , 
Ow.ui,  J   1>,    ,    ,    ,    , 
t  iwcn,  ii  'Trice,  ,    ,    , 
Paul,  It  II.  ,    ,    ,    ,    , 
i'.utiil..'.    B  A,     ,    ,    , 
Pickoriug,   Janiea,^, 
Price,  Ruc8o!l,  ,   ,   , 
Price,  \V  It,    ,    ,    ,    , 
Phillip*,  II,    ,    ,    ,    , 
Palrr,  W  R,   ,_.    ,    , 
Richarkson,  \v   fa.,   , 
Ittae,  Joliu,    ,   ,    ,    , 
RounsavaM,  i.inn'H  A, 
Hounstivall  1    M,    ,    , 
Roger*,  A   11,    ,    ,    , 
Rogers,  B  H.    ,    ,    ,    , 

itUttllltlL',  J    II,     ,     ,     , 

Ross,  0  0,,    .  ,  , 

Redmoii,  It,    ,    ,  ,  , 

Bwlndlo.  .1  M,    ,  .  , 

Hmitli    V  d,    ,    ,  ,  , 

Tubba,  l.'oiMiit,  ,  ,  , 

Wilton,  W  T,    ,  ,  , 

Weloensco,  UP.  ,  , 

Wlnt  ik.,,  W   F,  ,  , 

Williams,  K  J,  ,  ,  , 
Wlgglngtnn,  William, 

Total  killed,  ,    ,  ,  , 

wounded.  ,  , 


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Died  in  Hospital. 

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,    P     P     P 

ii 

a 

a 

a 

a 

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u 

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P 

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l    P     P    w 

Died  of  wounds  raceivod  at 

,    p     p     n 

a 

P 

P 

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in  Gaines*  Farm. 

,    u     a     p 

P 

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P 

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Ambulanco  driver. 

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i    P     P    w 

I  >i.  d  of  Wounds  received  at 

t    P     P     P 

a 

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p  Galues'  Farm. 

,    p     p    w 

a 

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P 

,    a     p     p 

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,    r     a  «d 

,    r     a     p 

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Died  In  ItonpltAf. 

46 

.".2 

:ud  In  all  engagements.  7'J 

,2     4  198 

•I 

77 

4 

UL  Wounded  " 

INDEX. 


Introduction,         ------_._      "j 

Campaign,      -        -        -        -      •  -        _        _     -  -        .        .'4 

Departure  from  Texas,  -        -  -        -        -  g 

Bad  Treatment,    -        -        -        -.        -        _        .        -9 

Camp  Texas — Organization,  -        -        -      . .  ■      .        -.-10 
Removal  to  the  Potomac,      -        -        -'.'.,      .        -20 
Evacuation  of  the  Potomac,  -        -        -        -        -        -        -    2A 

Evacuation  of  the    Peninsula,      -.       -        -        -        -        -    30 

Battle  of  Eltham's  Landing,        -        -        -        -        -        -    3fl 

'jallantrj  of  First  Texas,      -        -        -        -        -        -      .  -    33 

Indian  Warrior, -'-        _        -34 

Enemy's  Loss, »'■'■'-        -35 

Importance  of  the  Battle,    -        -        -        --        -        -38 

Brigado  Quts  Dirt,  While  the  Yankees  Dig,         -        -        -.   3ft 

Preparation  for  the  March — Again, 3B 

Battle  of  Seven  Pines,  - ,      -        -        ~        -        -        -        -    38 

ilow  the  Rebels  Fight,        -        _        _        .  .        -    39 

Ho !  for  Stonewall  Jackson,  -        -        -        -        -        -        -    42 

Description  of  the  Field  and  Plan  of  Attack,        -        -        -    44 
Battle  of  Mechanicsville,        -        ...        ..        .        -    43 

.Line  of  Battle,      ---------    4fl 

G.ittlo  of  Gaines'  Farm,  -        -  -        -        -     4C 

Ofliccrs  Statement,  -        -  ■      -        -        -         -     47 

Wauzee's  Letter,  -  -        -        -        -        -        -    43 

Ohickahominy's    Letter,        -        -        -        -        -        --50 

View  of  the  liattle  Field.      -        - 58 

Battle  nt  Savage's  Station, 60 

Battle  of  Frazcr's  Farm,         -"-„        _        _        .        -6) 
"     Malvern  Hill.        - '      -        .  .        .        .        .    C 


INDEX.  167 

Pursuit  to  Wcstover,  and  Return  to  Richmond,  -  -  -64 
McClcllan's  Fourth  of  July  Address,      -*-...    04 

General  Lee  to  his  Soldiers,   - 65 

Had  Reflections,    -        - 67 

Hospitals,  ----'---  -..£g 
Ladies  j©f  Richmond,  ----.---69 
Cedar  Mountain,    --------.73 

Battle  of  Freeman's  Ford,    - 73 

Passage  of  Thoroughfare  Gap, 74 

Advance  to  Manasssas,  -.-----.  74 

The  Present  and  Past, 75 

Second  Day's  Battle, 77 

Second  Great  Victory  at  Manassas, 78 

Hood's  Division,    ---- a/) 

Fourth  Texas  Captures  a  Battery,        -        -•     -        -  61 

Chapter  of  Misfortunes,        -  -         •         •     Hfl 

Maryland  Campaign,      -        i        ------     #y 

Engagement  of  Boonsboro  Gap, 88 

Sharpsburg,  -    _  -  -    H3 

Ilood  Sends  for  Aid, ---91 

Evacuation  of  Maryland,        -..--..     03 
Hospital    Arrangements,        -  -    93 

A  Stroll_Over  the  Field,        -  -    ,  ^"^V^-    94 

Visit  to 'the  Camp,    .    -    '     -        -        -     ,  -        -        ■        -90 
&Jvb„,         -----  -    97 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Carter's  Letter,  to  Governor  Lubbock,    -    98 

Hood's  Address, 100 

MtClellan  Attempts  another  u  On  to  Richmond,"    •   -        -  101 

McClcllan's  Removal,      -  103 

Battlo  of  Fredericksburg,       ------  103 

By  What  Name  shall  we  call  them,        ■        -        -  -  10 J 

Biographic  Sketches  of  General  Uood  and  Staff,     -        -        -109 
General  Leo's  Letter  to  General  Wigfall,      -        -        -        -I14 

Major  W.  II.  Sellers,  A.  A.  G.,       -  -        -        •  111 

Captain   James  Hamilton,   A.  1).  0.,    - 

Major  G.  U.  Blanton,  A.  I.  CL,       -  " 

Lieutenant  D.  H.  Sublett,  O.  O., IM 

Colonel  John   Marshall,  -  lla 


INDE.V 


I  ,«i»r  -..ni  fVlmel  Tt.  Warwick,  -  -        -  UjL 

I  -    -«i|u -r-General  J.  B.  Robertson,        -  -  115 

fl.  <•.  Jims  and  the  Brass-Band,       .--..-  11$ 
\ mprcred  Condition  of  the  Hospitals,  -        -        -12V 

Contributions,       - -  129 

Conclusion,   -  ....  .  Jul 

Aprculh  -        -  *  136 

Hampton  Legion,  ■         -  -  *  136 

Otstt&ltiep  of  the  Eighteenth  Gcorgiiv,     -  *  136 

«         "    "    First  Texas, 139 

«     •«    Fifth       K  .,.-■•."-  143 

Muster  KoU  of  the  Fourth  Texas;        -        -        -         -        -  149 


MUSTER  ROLI^CONTINUED. 


ltZ 


Hatoh,  LB,. 
Morr'M,  A.  .  . 
Howard,  O,  .  . 
Howard,  N, .  . 
Reward,  J,  .  . 
Baecomb,  O  F, 
Farrow,  1>,  .  . 
R'H'orB,  J  F,  , 
Wallnoo,  J,  .  . 
tianderlin.  J.  . 
Mathowa,  T  It, 
Th Ik  pen,  E<1,  . 
TJur  pon,  <i, .  . 
jveyaor,  (I,W, 
Walker,  J  no,  . 
Wynne,  A  J,  . 
I/ickland,  H  M, 
Millican,  Wm, 
Mctfraw,  Wiu, 
Thomas,  J,.  .  . 
Finley,  Howard,  . 
Rook,  Jacob.  .  . 
fVucock,  William, 


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d 

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d 

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♦d 

•d 

•d 

•d 

•d 

•d 

•d 

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•d 

♦d 

a 


Date  of  the  following  d*»vU 

not  reinumbiTiul 


Date  of    the    follow1i>»   ./.*• 
charge*  not  ri-moni'. 


•  Detached  Mer-h,  1M11 
Detached  Service. 
Dntaohed  Service. 

Duiached  riorvic* 


00.  L 


Cnpt.  O.  M.  Winkler,  . 
lei  lit.  J.  Ix>iitfhridgo 
2d  u  Mat  Beantoy,  .  . 
2d  u  N.J.  Mills.  .  . 
iHt  Sorg't  J.  W.  Duren 
2d  "  B.  M.  Biggs, 
3d  "  T.  It.  Morris  a 
4th  u  B.  II.  Terrell  a 
5th  "  J.  D.Caddoll.p 
1st  CI  J.  B.  Danham,  .  n 
2d  "  It.  O.  Holla  way  U 
3d  "  J;»s.  Untntlton 
4th  »«  J.  A.  Fostor, 
Aftlin,  ,T     II.: 

Armstrong,  It.  0., 
Allen,  W.  B      .     . 
Boaaloy,  J.  It,    . 
Bnrry,  s±„   .    . 
Barry,  A.,    .     .     . 

ttlAWHtri,  A.  J.,    . 

Biles,  w.  II.,  .    . 
Hoynton,  O.  B., 
Hyns    A      J., 
Black,.),  It,     . 
Black,  II.  P.,    . 
Crabb,  li.  8.,    .    . 
Cr»btr*x<,  J.   W... 
Crawford.  It    w\, 
C'arrull,  W.  K.,    . 
Childress.  B.    P.,  . 
Dillaid,  F.  P.,  .     . 

roster,  O.  w.,    . 

Faster,  M.  L  ,  . 
Franklin,  JnflMft, 
Fatfnn,  J.  Q..  .  . 
Fuller,  W.  W, 
Puller,  .)  i 
Fondron,  W.  A.,  . 
Fortsun,  J,  It.,  . 
Garner,  K.  U  ,  . 
Ofmo,  J,  T  . 


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1G4 


MUSTER  ROLL— CONTINUED. 


Green,  John,  .  . 
Gregory,  R.,  .  . 
Gregory,  John,  . 
Harmon,  H.  H  ,  . 
Harrison,  J.  J.,  . 
1HI1,  Jack,    .     .    . 

Hill,  J.  TI 

Holdaman,  J    \V., 
liberie, 'James,  .    . 
Herbert,  J.  H 
H'-mlrrson,  G.  W., 
Harris,  J.  Q,    .    . 
Hamilton, J.  L.,  . 
Jackson,  W.  G.,  . 
Jefl'orson,  W.  R., 
Jordaq,    J.    C.,    . 
Killian,  H.   L.  W., 
Kenndey,  Thomas, 
Ijemmon,  A.    Mt 
Lummons,  J.  M., 
Miller,  R.  8..    .    . 
Ma&sey,  J.   H.,    . 
Melton,  J.  JK.,  .    . 
MoMorrle,  J.  M„ 
Piatt,  W.  G.,  «T  ! 
Pickett,    John,    . 
Polk,  J.  M      '    . 
Orendoff,  J.  H.,    . 
Rice,  L.  W.,    .     . 
Rico,  R.  N.,    .    . 
Rico,  J.    L.,    .    . 
Rmkiu,  M.  D.  L., 
Simmons,   J.    W., 
Smith,  P.    .    .    ; 
Smith,  W.  T.,  .    . 
Braith,  W.    G.,    . 
Spence,  ft".  P.,    . 
RfHrions,  K.  G., 
Shaw,  J.  R..    .    . 
Tenipletoti,  Willlnm 
Temploton,  M.  B., 
Treadweii,  J.  H., 
Ulzman,   J.   L.,    . 
Wado,  tfc.  II ,  .    . 
We.''.  H      .     . 

Welch., J.O.J.    . 

Walk*!,  J.  G\,  . 
Walkir,  II  E.,  . 
Waters,  Kzcktel, . 
Warren,   B ,    .    , 


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CO.  K. 


Capt  Wm  H  Marin,    ,  p  p  »p  p  t> 

1st  Lt  John  P  BnrreeB  a  p   w  a  a 

2d    M   M  O  Clanahan,  p  a   vr  a  « 

3d   «  WDRounsavall  p  p   w  a  a 


Andlnjr,    John, 
Allen,  J  M,  , 
Allen,  JW,,    , 
Antle,     Milton, 
Ball,  BL,         ' 
Hnrham,  C  J,  , 
Boh-p,  Axom.    , 
Bradley,  J  h  T, 
Buker.    Joseph, 
Boyd,  James,    , 
Bartke,  TC.,    , 
Brown.  W  Br  . 


P    d 


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a 

p 

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P     P     P     P 


Dlodin  Hospital. 
Died  In  Hospital, 

Died  of  wounds  received 
Yorfctown. 


Pioneer. 


